• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2021년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.250-251
• /
• 2021

A subcontract work order is the basis of the construction process and consists of the root and trunk of the construction industry. The construction process through a subcontract work order is an important element of project success, and it is the basic unit of creating profit in the construction industry. Therefore, correct analysis and forecasting of subcontract work orders allow correct estimation of construction cost and profit which is the foundation of corporate decision making. This study has started to provide predictions of subcontractor's bidding-ratio for decision-making. Since the actual project data has been used in this study, the contribution level of the model is highly expected in actual field. The statistical confidential level of adjusted decision coefficient is concluded low because of limited sample numbers. However, its accuracy and confidence level can be increased through increasing sample numbers, considering more variables, and studying of reducing error.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.153-158
• /
• 1974

Around and in the area of Wolgot-Muon, Gimpo-Gun, Kyunggi province, I examined total bacteria, general Pseudomonas spp., fluorescent Pseudomonas spp., in soil layers and also in different kinds of soil of respective diseased, uncultivated, and healthy areas, and found the followings. 1. In the diseased and uncultivated areas, the content of moisture and silt was greater than in the healthy area. 2. Contrary to the above, the healthy area contained a greater amount of inorganic elements such as $P_2O_5$, K, Ca and of soil particle such as Cs and Fs. The degree of pH and content of Mg were even in three types of soils. 3. Total bacteria were found in abundance in the healthy soil. It was observed that in all types of areas, bacteria reside in abundance in the rhizosphere, i.e., 10-15 cm layers and that the closer the surface, the greater the numbers of the bacteria. 4. General Pseudomonas spp. were also found to the greater in number on the surface of the soil, especially so in the rhizosphere, with the numbers decreasing as the soil layers increase. Numbers of this bacteria in all types of area were nearly uniform. 5. A great number of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. were found in the diseased area, especially so in the rhizosphere.

• 대순사상과 동아시아종교
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.57-83
• /
• 2022

Numbers structure reality and define the way people live. Both in Daoism and in Daesoon Jinrihoe they signify key concepts, notably the cardinal numbers from one through nine that classify different dimensions of the cosmos. Beyond these, the number twenty-four plays an important role. In a temporal mode, it marks the divisions or seasonal periods of the year. Consisting of fifteen days each, these periods signal (and are named after) changes in dominant weather patterns and the position of the sun. Generally activated in the body through particular seasonal activities and dietary prescriptions, in Daoism they are also the root of a series of healing exercises and certain refinement practices of internal alchemy. In Daesoon Jinrihoe, moreover, they are activated by chanting a specific incantation that invokes the twenty-four divine rulers of the divisions, originally a group of Tang Dynasty officials that in nature and function resemble the spirit generals of the early Celestial Masters. Beyond this, the number twenty-four also applies to space. Not unlike the twenty-eight lunar stations or mansions, traditional cosmology acknowledges twenty-four directions, made up of six constellations each in the four cardinal directions, complete with starry deities and divine generals. Their powers are activated with the help of written characters rather than vocal incantations, using techniques common both in Daoism and Daesoon Jinrihoe.

• 대한소아치과학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.400-408
• /
• 2019

이 연구는 3세부터 7세사이의 소아를 대상으로 촬영하여 획득한 Computed tomography (CT) 영상을 이용하여 유구치 근관의 개수, 위치를 평가하고 유구치 근관들의 관계 및 치근과 근관의 관계를 분석하여 유치 근관 치료시 참고자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 남아 81명, 여아 33명, 총 114명의 CT 시상면, 수평면 영상에서 유구치 근관의 개수와 위치, 치근의 개수와 위치에 대해 평가하였고 수집된 자료를 통계분석 하여 한 환자에게서 양측에 같은 위치의 치아에 나타나는 근관의 대칭성을 평가하였다. 상악 제 1유구치와 제 2유구치에 가장 많이 관찰 되었던 근관의 개수는 3개로 위치는 근심 협측, 원심 협측, 구개 근관이었다. 하악제 1유구치 제 2유구치에 가장 많이 관찰되었던 근관의 개수는 4개로 위치는 근심 협측, 근심 설측, 원심 협측, 원심 설측 근관이었다. 상악의 치근은 근심 협측 근관을 제외하고 1개의 근관을 가지려는 경향을 가지고 있었고, 하악의 치근은 2개의 근관을 가지려는 경향을 보였다. 특히 하악 제 2유구치의 근심 치근은 100%으로 2개의 근관을 가졌다. 상악 유구치의 구개측 치근과 하악 유구치의 원심 치근이 2개의 치근으로 나누어져 있는 경우, 그 치근들은 각각 1개의 근관을 가지려는 경향을 보였다. 상악 유구치에서 원심 협측 치근과 구개측 치근이 융합되어 있더라도, 치근은 각각의 근관을 가지려는 경향을 보였다. 같은 환자의 같은 위치의 반대편 치아의 근관의 대칭성은 하악 유구치부에서 상악 유구치보다 더 높게 나타났다. 이 연구를 통해 소아 환자의 유구치 근관에 대한 이해도를 높이고, 유구치 근관 치료 시 근관의 위치에 대해 미리 예측함으로 술식 시간을 줄이고 치료의 완성도를 높이는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.128-133
• /
• 1998

Analyses of now karyotypes using different maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines have been performed. The accumulation and isolation of high quality and quantity metaphase chromosomes from root tips can be achieved from many kinds of maize lines. The chromosome suspensions were prepared by a simple slicing method from synchronized maize root tips and analyzed with a now cytometry. The variations of experimental now karyotypes were detected among inbred lines in terms of the positions and/or the numbers of chromosome peaks. The 2C DNA amount among 8 inbred lines ranged from 5.09 to 5.52 pg. The variability of DNA content in maize chromosome 1 was 9.1 % ranging from 0.685 to 0.747 pg. The selection of appropriate maize lines is critical for sorting specific single chromosome types. At least five different chromosome types can be discriminated and sorted from five maize lines.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.580-585
• /
• 2003

Subtractive library hybridization was used to isolate the cDNA clones that corresponded to the transcripts that were specifically up-regulated during wheat embryo germination. The clones with numbers 5, 6, 7, 8, 24, and 26 appeared to be more abundant in germinating wheat embryos. Among the isolated clones, we identified four new members of the wheat "germin" gene family. We also identified two novel sequences which exhibited distinct germination up-regulation, and displayed characteristic spatial patterns of expression. One of these, represented by clone pSB10, was principally expressed in the root tissue of germinating embryos. The second was represented by the pSB7 clone and was expressed in both the root and shoot primordia of the embryonic axis, as well as within the coleoptile.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 1999

An experiment was carried out using pots to investigate the effects of Chinese milk vetch on the seedling establishment and growth in rice. Four irrigations with five-day intervals and three different levels of vetch straw were investigated. Significantly higher panicle numbers were obtained in vetch-treated pots. Vetch levels were non-treatment as checks, vetch with top removed, root plus shoot 7.5 ton/ha, and root plus shoot 3.0 ton/ha. The time for complete degradation of vetch straws was reduced from 10 days to 5 days as submerged time was delayed, and was affected by the amount of mulched vetch straws. As the mulched vetch amount increased, the time for a complete degradation was extended from 4 days to 12 days. Grain yield and its components were significantly affected by irrigation time and mulched vetch amount. Effectively controlled, lowered reduction damage from the degrading vetch straw, irrigation date and vetch amount were the most important factors for the improving of seedling establishment in direct-sown rice.

• 한국약용작물학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.233-237
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the seedling establishment and yield of direct-sown Platycodon grandiflorus seeds cultured by three ridge width, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 m and four mulching materials, rice straw, rice bran, black plastic film, and no mulching in upland. Seedling establishment rate (70%) was the highest in rice straw mulched plot of 500 seeds/$m^2$ sowed and root yield after one year was also the highest in rice straw mulched treatment and followed by rice bran, no mulching, and black plastic film treatment. In this result, ridge width 120cm and rice straw mulching combined treatment was best for getting the highest seedling establishment ratio and seedling numbers per area. However, ridge width and mulching materials should be considered soil moisture content and weed population for saving labor cost.

• 아시안잔디학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 1990

The effect of bio-fertilizer, which was manufactured poultry manure, on the fall performance of Korean lawngrass was determined on a clay loam soil. Plant length was characterized by increasing the amount of bio-fertilizer applied. This trend was also true in dry matter yield of tops during the experimental period from August 31 through October 30. Both tiller numbers and stolon length steadily increased with increasing amount of bio-fertilizer applied, and 40m/t application of bio-fertilizer was found to be most effective on both components. performance shown on November 5 was prominent for both green leaf and root weights when the increased amount of bio-fertilizer was applied. Korean lawngrass had three times as much green leaf weight with 40m/t application of bio-fertilizer as with other treatments. Several functions of increment of above- ground part components caused by increasing root weight, which is greatly affected by bio-fertilizer application, was discussed. Turf quality was much improved by applying bio-fertilizer, indicating that this fertilizer might play an improtant role in respect of soil structure, water retention etc.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제24권1호통권76호
• /
• pp.38-48
• /
• 1996

유용 미생물로 선발한 Pseudomonas cepacia, Bacillus cereus 및 균근균을 인삼(Panax ginseng)근권에 처리한 후 이들 미생물들의 근권내 정착 및 근부병의 발생억제에 미치는 영향을 폿트 배양으로 실험하였다. P. cepacia의 단독 처리에서 처리 10일후에 근권에서 조사된 세균수는 6.26 (log cfu/g.soil)이나 B. cereus 등과 혼합 처리한 경우 $5.25{\sim}6.19(log\;cfu/g.soil)$으로 분포수가 적었고 처리기간이 270일 후에는 3.01 (log cfu/g. soil)으로 크게 감소하였다. Fusarium spp.의 근권내 분포수는 처리 $10{\sim}60$일 후에는 $3.33{\sim}3.67(log\;cfu/g.soil)$이었으나 처리 270일 경과 후에는 $3.33{\sim}1.02(log\;cfu/g.soil)$으로 크게 감소되었다. 근부병발생율에 있어서 대조가 4.3의 이병지수를 나타내나 P. cepacia 처리는 1.2로 발생이 크게 억제되었다. P. cepacia와 B. cereus의 혼합처리는 $1.8{\sim}2.3$의 이병지수로 대조 4.3보다는 병발생율이 낮아졌다. 균근균으로 Glomus albidum과 Acaulospora longular 처리는 병발생율 $1.2{\sim}1.6$으로 대조 4.3보다 감소하였다. 세균으로 P.cepacia와 균근균으로 G. albidum 처리는 근부율을 각각 1.2로 낮추는 발병억제 효과가 있다.