• 제목/요약/키워드: Roll Lock-in Phenomena

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자유회전 테일핀을 갖는 미사일에 대한 Roll Lock-in 현상의 수치적 연구 (A NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE ROLL LOCK-IN OF A CANARD-CONTROLLED MISSILE WITH FREELY SPINNING TAILFINS)

  • 양영록;김문석;명노신;조태환
    • 한국전산유체공학회지
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.48-55
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    • 2009
  • In this study, roll lock-in phenomena of freely spinning tailfins were investigated by a CFD code. To analyze a motion of freely spinning tailfins, this research use a Chimera method, an Euler code and a 6 degrees of freedom analysis. The numerical results of aerodynamic characteristics and roll rates of a canard-controlled missile with freely spinning tailfins show a good agreement with wind tunnel test results. Using the roll rates calculation result of freely spinning tailfins, roll lock-in phenomena is confirmed. Roll lock-in phenomena and Roll lock-in states can be predicted through effects of the induced vortex of the canards control and the analysis of the rolling moments of tailfins due to the bank angle.

자유회전 테일핀의 Roll Lock-in 현상 예측 연구 (A Prediction Study on the Roll Lock-in Phenomena of Freely Spinning Tailfins)

  • 양영록;조태환;명노신
    • 한국항공우주학회지
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    • 제38권9호
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    • pp.849-855
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문은 자유회전 테일핀을 갖는 커나드 유도 미사일에 대해 Falanga의 회전율 계산식을 자유회전 테일핀에 적용하여 자유회전 테일핀의 roll lock-in 현상을 예측하였다. 예측 결과의 정확도를 확인하기 위하여 Blair의 풍동시험 결과와 비교하여 검증하였다. 자유회전 테일핀의 회전율 계산 시에 필요한 테일핀의 롤링 모멘트는 풍동시험 결과를 이용하였고 롤 댐핑 모멘트는 missile DATCOM을 이용하여 계산하였다. 이를 자유회전 테일핀의 회전율 계산식에 대입하여 자유회전 테일핀의 회전율 및 Roll lock-in 현상을 예측하였으며 풍동시험 결과와 비교하였다. 검증결과, 자유회전 테일핀의 회전율 및 Roll lock-in 현상 예측 결과가 풍동시험 결과와 잘 일치하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

Dynamics of Technology Adoption in Markets Exhibiting Network Effects

  • Hur, Won-Chang
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.127-140
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    • 2010
  • The benefit that a consumer derives from the use of a good often depends on the number of other consumers purchasing the same goods or other compatible items. This property, which is known as network externality, is significant in many IT related industries. Over the past few decades, network externalities have been recognized in the context of physical networks such as the telephone and railroad industries. Today, as many products are provided as a form of system that consists of compatible components, the appreciation of network externality is becoming increasingly important. Network externalities have been extensively studied among economists who have been seeking to explain new phenomena resulting from rapid advancements in ICT (Information and Communication Technology). As a result of these efforts, a new body of theories for 'New Economy' has been proposed. The theoretical bottom-line argument of such theories is that technologies subject to network effects exhibit multiple equilibriums and will finally lock into a monopoly with one standard cornering the entire market. They emphasize that such "tippiness" is a typical characteristic in such networked markets, describing that multiple incompatible technologies rarely coexist and that the switch to a single, leading standard occurs suddenly. Moreover, it is argued that this standardization process is path dependent, and the ultimate outcome is unpredictable. With incomplete information about other actors' preferences, there can be excess inertia, as consumers only moderately favor the change, and hence are themselves insufficiently motivated to start the bandwagon rolling, but would get on it once it did start to roll. This startup problem can prevent the adoption of any standard at all, even if it is preferred by everyone. Conversely, excess momentum is another possible outcome, for example, if a sponsoring firm uses low prices during early periods of diffusion. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of the adoption process in markets exhibiting network effects by focusing on two factors; switching and agent heterogeneity. Switching is an important factor that should be considered in analyzing the adoption process. An agent's switching invokes switching by other adopters, which brings about a positive feedback process that can significantly complicate the adoption process. Agent heterogeneity also plays a important role in shaping the early development of the adoption process, which has a significant impact on the later development of the process. The effects of these two factors are analyzed by developing an agent-based simulation model. ABM is a computer-based simulation methodology that can offer many advantages over traditional analytical approaches. The model is designed such that agents have diverse preferences regarding technology and are allowed to switch their previous choice. The simulation results showed that the adoption processes in a market exhibiting networks effects are significantly affected by the distribution of agents and the occurrence of switching. In particular, it is found that both weak heterogeneity and strong network effects cause agents to start to switch early and this plays a role of expediting the emergence of 'lock-in.' When network effects are strong, agents are easily affected by changes in early market shares. This causes agents to switch earlier and in turn speeds up the market's tipping. The same effect is found in the case of highly homogeneous agents. When agents are highly homogeneous, the market starts to tip toward one technology rapidly, and its choice is not always consistent with the populations' initial inclination. Increased volatility and faster lock-in increase the possibility that the market will reach an unexpected outcome. The primary contribution of this study is the elucidation of the role of parameters characterizing the market in the development of the lock-in process, and identification of conditions where such unexpected outcomes happen.