• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.10
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• pp.217-230
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• 2012

This paper propose interacting test programming methods between test equipment and hardware unit to verify function and performance of the hardware unit under test. Proposed test program can minimizes the risk of failures when the unit is mounted on the aircraft by testing and verifying the unit under the worst stress condition. Also, Object oriented design using UML make it easy to apply in other equipments. Test program consists of architecture package and hardware package. Architecture package is in a role for system management, log analysis, message receiving and message analysis. Messages that are used by system management define messages for testing and defined messages is sent and received to test equipment through Ethernet. Hardware package is in a role for hardware management that is needed to be tested and is related to a system. Hardware to be tested is divided into internal test and transmission test. Internal test inspects hardware itself and reports the test results to the test equipment. Transmission test inspects communication device by sending or receiving data. All kinds of test is done in the worst condition of the test unit executing in parallel. Each device is tested at least 482 times and at most 15,003 times about one hour. Test program is utilized in hardware reliability test like as environmental test or EMI test.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.656-662
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• 2015

Natural products and natural product structures play a general and highly significant role in drug discovery and development process because it has various merits and potentials for new drug source that have extensive clinical experience, development time contraction, excellent stability and safety. In several neurological disorders, neuronal death and excessive activation of microglia (neuro-inflammation) are observed. A number of drug discovery-related neuronal cell death and neuro-inflammation was studied from natural products, respectively. However, until now, it has not been possible to study dual-protection molecules recorded in the Natural Product library. In the present study, using the natural product-derived library of the Institute for Korea Traditional Medical Industry, we investigated dual-protective molecules against glutamate (a classical excitatory neurotransmitter)-induced oxidative stress mediated neuronal cell death and LPS-induced excessive activated microglial cells (immune cells of the brain). Chrysophanol, extracted from Rheum palmatum, had dual-protective effects against both glutamate-induced neuronal cell death and LPS-induced NO production, triggering proinflammatory cytokines and microglia activation and resulting in neuroinflammation. Flow-cytometry analysis revealed that chrysophanol had a scavenger effect, scavenging glutamate- and LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by neuronal and microglial cells, respectively. Based on the present study, chrysophanol may have an important protective role against neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation in the brain. The results may be helpful for studying drug development candidates for treating central nervous system disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.42
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• pp.97-116
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• 2020

In this paper, the need for lifelong education and distance education is increasing due to the decrease of population and the increase of life expectancy. In addition, the popularization and everydayization of education, which combines daily life and learning, is an educational feature. Individuals can more easily access knowledge, and video plays an important role. Video content is the most basic medium that leads to the popularization and daily life of education. With the development of information and communication technology, popularization of media content production and editing technology, anyone can easily create and share. The video education contents business is expected to increase globally through SNS. Especially, the video contents education industry related to flower design is regarded as a suitable content field in an era where environment is essential. In the modern era, characterized by the "one-person household, one-person media" era, the environment of plants protects people from stress by restoring human emotional efficiency, environmental comfort, and stability. In other words, because humans have a preference for nature, plants play an important role for humanity recovery. Against this backdrop, flower design is expected to be a promising industrial sector with high growth, high value added and high job creation effects. In the era of the fourth revolution of the human race, competitive video contents are expected to influence the growth of the future country. will be.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.19-37
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• 2012

This study aims to give a broad overview of family-related contents in home economics from the 1st national curriculum to the 2007 revised national curriculum, thereby contributing to value fulfillment, textbook research, and educational development of home economics. The findings are summed up as follows: First, this study looks at the change of family-related goals and contents in home economics tutorials by national curriculum. Family-related goals shift a focus from a member of nation to individual pursuit of happiness, and the scope of family-related contents expands from a part of family (i.e. understanding of children) to every aspect of family life. Second, family-related contents record a higher share in home economics textbooks at the later stage of national curriculum. Third, this study classifies the change of family-related contents in home economics textbooks by national curriculum into seven categories: understanding of human development, process of human development, parenting and parental roles, understanding of family and family transition, marriage and family development, family relationship and issues, and family well-being. In particular, 'understanding of human development' underscores fundamental principles between the 3rd~6th national curriculum, 'process of human development' broadens its initial focuses on infancy and the preschool period to every scope of human development after the 5th national curriculum. 'Parenting and parental role' continues to stress parental roles and duties plus childcare for infants and preschoolers. In 'understanding of family and family transition,' national curriculums show the biggest difference in family perspectives subject to social change, and later national curriculums feature various family types recently on the rise. In 'marriage and family development,' initial national curriculums construe marriage as a necessity, whereas later national curriculums emphasize it as a matter of choice intertwined with mature love and responsibility. With coming under spotlight in recent national curriculum, 'family relationship and issues' highlights communication and family views based on gender equality for family unity. 'Family well-being' constitutes a pivotal part in the 2007 revised national curriculum, and it has recently emerged as the hottest issue in the family area as it presents lifelong welfare.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.37-47
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• 2014

This study aims to examine the usage of and satisfaction with neighborhood parks and university campuses and compare through the RPRS analysis of them to figure out how university campuses, as substitutive green spaces, play the role of curative environment for neighboring people. This study relied on two methods: a descriptive method of researching publications and related scholastic writings and an empirical study of researching how the park and campus has been utilized and researching whether the residents are satisfied with the currently existing space and the environment or not, and finally researching how the university campus open space as a curative environment impacts the satisfaction and utilization through reliability analysis. As a result, contribution of healing environment has a relatively high average contribution of 4 or more points, respectively. These results suggest that urban people think that a relationship between man and nature is very important in the overabundance of stress in modern society. It shows that neighborhoods are higher than university campuses in the explanatory of the Attention Restoration Theory, but the campus is higher than the neighborhood park in similarity of configuration. The result of RPRS analysis shows that the therapeutic qualities of the landscape may be very useful to evaluate a college campus open space in "the Revised Perceived Restoration Scale." The results showed that, in future studies, it will be a great help by widespread use of pre-evaluation of the characteristics of restorative environments in the planning, design and other works. To study the impact of the curative features on evaluating future research locations, the location should provide a variety of purposes and motives. At the same time, it should provide specific design ideas to design-related designers by using perceived restoration scale.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2018

Chrysoeriol is a widespread flavone, and it is usually found in alfalfa, which has been used as a traditional medicine to treat dyspepsia, asthma, and urinary system disorders. Recently, analysis has been conducted on the anti-inflammatory activity of chrysoeriol, but information on its antioxidative capacity is limited. In this study, the antioxidative potential of chrysoeriol against oxidative damage and its molecular mechanisms were evaluated by analysis of the cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and Western blots in the RAW 264.7 cell line. Chrysoeriol significantly scavenged lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intracellular ROS formation in a dose-dependent manner, without any cytotoxicity. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a phase II enzyme that exerts antioxidative activity, was also potently induced by chrysoeriol treatment, which corresponded to the translocation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) into the nucleus. Moreover, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) were analyzed due to their important role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis against oxidative stress. As a result, chrysoeriol-induced HO-1 upregulation was mediated by extracellular signal - regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun $NH_2$-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 phosphorylation. To identify the antioxidative potential exerted by HO-1, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage was applied and mitigated by chrysoeriol treatment, which was confirmed by the HO-1 selective inhibitor and inducer, respectively. Consequently, chrysoeriol strongly strengthened the HO-1-mediated antioxidative potential through the regulation of the Nrf2/MAPK signaling pathways.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2012

The abnormal maturation and ossification of articular chondrocytes play a central role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Inhibiting the enzymatic degradation of the extracellular matrix and maintaining the cellular phenotype are two of the major goals of interest in managing OA. Ginseng is frequently taken orally, as a crude substance, as a traditional medicine in Asian countries. Ginsenoside $Rb_1$, a major component of ginseng that contains an aglycone with a dammarane skeleton, has been reported to exhibit various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. However, a chondroprotective effect of ginsenoside $Rb_1$ related to OA has not yet been reported. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the chondroprotective effect of ginsenoside $Rb_1$ on the regulation of pro-inflammatory factors and chondrogenic genes. Cultured rat articular chondrocytes were treated with 100 ${\mu}M$ ginsenoside $Rb_1$ and/or 500 ${\mu}M$ hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and assessed for viability, reactive oxygen species production, nitric oxide (NO) release, and chondrogenic gene expression. Ginsenoside $Rb_1$ treatment resulted in reductions in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine and NO in $H_2O_2$-treated chondrocytes. The expression levels of chondrogenic genes, such as type II collagen and SOX9, were increased in the presence of ginsenoside $Rb_1$, whereas the expression levels of inflammatory genes related to chondrocytes, such as MMP1 and MMP13, were reduced by approximately 50%. These results suggest that ginsenoside $Rb_1$ has potential for use as a therapeutic agent in OA patients.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.303-308
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• 2019

L-carnitine is found in high levels in muscle tissues. It has been developed as a nutrient and dietary supplement, and also used as a therapeutic supplement in various diseases including type II diabetes, osteoporosis and metabolic neuropathies. However, it is not fully understood how it affects cellular mechanisms in colorectal cancer. Therefore, we attempted to determine the effect of L-carnitine in HCT116 human colorectal cancer cells. First, the HCT116 cells were exposed to L-carnitine for 24 hours at 0-40 mM, and then analyzed for cellular proliferation, oxidative stress and related mechanisms. In a MTT assay, L-carnitine inhibited cellular proliferation and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HCT116 by DCF-DA analysis. To analyze the mechanism of L-carnitine in colorectal cancer cells, we performed a western blot analysis for pERK1/2 and pp38 MAP kinase. The western blot showed that L-carnitine significantly increased protein levels of pERK1/2 and pp38 compared with control. Taken together, we found that L-carnitine has anti-proliferative function via increased ROS and activation of ERK1/2 and p38 pathway in HCT116. These findings suggest that L-carnitine may have an anti-proliferative role on colorectal cancer.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.183-193
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• 2020

Objectives: As an ecological study, this study was performed to identify the community-level variation of health related quality-of-life (HRQOL), and to explore the factors that explain the variation, using 2017 Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) data. Methods: Community health indicators of KCHS, which are correlated with the EQ-5D index of Si-gun-gu districts, were selected as independent variables. Multiple linear regression model was used to derive factors that explain regional variations in the EQ-5D index. Results: The EQ-5D index variation in 229 districts nationwide was 1.1 times for extremal quotient (EQ) and 1.0 for coefficient of variance (CV). The Si-gun-gu districts with the EQ-5D index in the lower 25% were more distributed in the province (27.7%) than in the metropolitan area (20.3%). As a result of multiple linear regression analysis, the depressed mood experience rate, perceived stress rate, suicide ideation rate, and physician diagnosed arthritis rate were derived as major factors of the variation. Conclusions: In order to reduce the gap in HRQOL between the districts, the priority of local health policies should be placed on the above factors including psychosocial factors.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.682-697
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Tibetan tea is a kind of dark tea, due to the inherent complexity of natural products, the chemical composition and beneficial effects of Tibetan tea are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to unravel the composition of Tibetan tea using knowledge-guided multilayer network (KGMN) techniques and explore its potential antioxidant and hypolipidemic mechanisms in mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: The C57BL/6J mice were continuously gavaged with Tibetan tea extract (T group), green tea extract (G group) and ddH2O (H group) for 15 days. The activity of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mice was detected. Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects of Tibetan tea in mice. Furthermore, the expression levels of liver antioxidant and lipid metabolism related genes in various groups were detected by the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. RESULTS: The results showed that a total of 42 flavonoids are provisionally annotated in Tibetan tea using KGMN strategies. Tibetan tea significantly reduced body weight gain and increased T-AOC and SOD activities in mice compared with the H group. Based on the results of transcriptome and qPCR, it was confirmed that Tibetan tea could play a key role in antioxidant and lipid lowering by regulating oxidative stress and lipid metabolism related pathways such as insulin resistance, P53 signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, fatty acid elongation and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS: This study was the first to use computational tools to deeply explore the composition of Tibetan tea and revealed its potential antioxidant and hypolipidemic mechanisms, and it provides new insights into the composition and bioactivity of Tibetan tea.