• STI Policy Review
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-92
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• 2010

Recent years have seen an intensified discussion in many OECD countries about the role and mission of public research in the innovation system. This discussion takes place in quite specific national contexts, but should benefit from international experience. However, whereas voluminous literatures address the changing governance methods, organizational forms and missions of universities, much less attention has been devoted to developing a common understanding of the challenges faced by non-university public research institutions. The main goals of this paper is to contribute to clarifying the nature of these challenges, outlines possible policy answers and draws some implications for Korea. In the first section, the paper uses available internationally comparable indicators to review trends in the contribution of government research institutes (GRIs) to R&D and innovation activities. In the second section, the paper identifies the current major changes in the dynamics of innovation that may call for further adjustments in the positioning, organization and steering of public research institutes. Finally, the paper outlines some strategic objectives and orientations for the reform of public research institutes as part of the broader agenda of the Korean innovation strategy.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.2746-2752
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• 2021

The environmental effects of China's nuclear energy consumption in a dynamic framework of the pollution haven hypothesis are examined. This study uses a dynamic autoregressive distributed lag simulation approach. Empirical evidence confirms that the pollution haven hypothesis does not exist for China; i.e., foreign direct investment plays a promising role in influencing environmental outcomes. Furthermore, empirical results concluded positive contribution of nuclear energy in pollution mitigation. From the results it is expected that encouraging foreign investment to increase generation of nuclear energy would benefit environmental quality by reducing CO₂ emissions.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1087-1099
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• 2010

This study explores the retail environment factors of the changes mentioned in the "Factors and Directions of the Change of the Apparel Retail Structure in Korea" (Part I) to understand the changes in apparel retail institutions. This study was done through a literature research method and the results are as follows. First, changing consumer needs and trends require extensive new products, a method to manufacture diverse products according to the market demand, and the necessity to manufacture based on trends in demand. This limits the role of mass production, which brought about more flexible manufacturing modes, scaled down manufacturing factories, promoted more cooperative subcontract relationships, and increased global sourcing which uses other companies at the most appropriate global venue. How to organize and use cooperative networks that benefit companies is the key to global competitiveness in the new era and the information technology developed around retail shops plays a key role. Consequently, the management of consumers and their information becomes critical and retail distribution functions become a key corporate function. In addition, it is difficult for small shops to introduce effective new technologies that encourage the growth of large companies. Second, apparel companies that use to benefit from scale merits based on the previous mass production system are now becoming effective by using economies of scale through mass retailing while shops are enlarging their sizes as a way to survive. On the other hand, inexpensive clothes become even more inexpensive while expensive ones become even more expensive, promoting polarization and diverse price ranges that widen consumer options.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2012

With the enormous growth and various applications of private brands, national brand manufacturers are confronted with a dilemmatic situation. That is, paradoxically, some manufacturers have come to produce private brands of retailers which are potential competitors to their own brands. This study reveals why manufacturers with their own brands let themselves do the consignment production of retailers' private brands although those private brands may become strong competitors of their own brands and then investigates the condition in which manufacturers may benefit from such consignment production. Through an analysis of a game theoretical model assuming a monopoly market, the present study presents the theoretical backgrounds and provides new insights about consignment production of manufacturer with its own brand for retailer's private brand. First, such consignment production can play a role in mitigating the loss in the consignee manufacturer's own brand sales caused by the private brand in the competitive environment. Second, the effectiveness of such role is affected by the quality of the private brand produced under consignment. In other word, only if the consignee manufacturer keeps the quality of the private brand low, the manufacturer can maintain the benefit from its own brand. In addition, a consigner retailer needs to consider the final objective of launching its private brand, when it chooses its consignee manufacturer of the brand. Finally, a manufacturer with its own brand may consider consignment production as not merely an unavoidable option compelled by a retailer's power but a reasonable strategic choice to reduce the risk from competition.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.4248-4257
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• 2013

농산물 공동브랜드의 개발 배경은 글로벌 농산물 브랜드의 국내시장진입, 경쟁 열위에 있는 우리 농산물 브랜드의 육성 및 경쟁력 촉진, 소비자의 건강 웰빙 욕구로의 구매의향 확대에 따른 대응력 제고의 요인을 들 수 있다. 본 연구는 6년 동안 농식품 파워 브랜드로 선정된 충남의 A지역의 공동브랜드를 대상으로 브랜드의 편익(상징적, 기능적, 경험적)과 브랜드 카리스마 간의 영향관계, 브랜드 카리스마와 재구매의도 간의 영향관계, 브랜드 편익과 재구매의도에 있어서 브랜드 카리스마의 조절효과를 분석하였다. 정제된 설문 228부를 분석한 결과, 첫째, 공동브랜드의 상직적 및 기능적 편익과 재구매의도 간의 영향관계는 긍정적인 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 공동브랜드의 카리스마는 재구매의도에 정(+)의 영향관계인 것으로 확인되었다. 반면, 공동브랜드의 편익과 재구매의도 간에 브랜드 카리스마의 조절효과는 부분적으로 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다. 향후 치열한 농산물시장에서 우리 브랜드의 경쟁력 유지는 소비자의 욕구를 실시간으로 반영하고 끊임없이 브랜드의 신뢰를 높일 수 있는 다각적인 방안을 강구해야 할 것으로 진단된다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.302-318
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• 2016

본 연구는 외식상품 추구편익이 SNS 구전정보특성, 구매의도와 구전의도 간의 영향관계를 살펴보고, SNS 구전정보특성이 외식상품 추구편익과 구매의도 및 구전의도 간에 매개역할을 하는지에 대해 조사하고자 하였다. 자료수집은 2016년 3월 10일부터 3월 30일까지 실시하였으며, 편의표본추출법(convenience sampling)에 의해 SNS를 경험해 본 외식소비자를 대상으로 진행하였다. 설문지는 350부를 배포하였으며, 이 중 불성실하게 응답했거나 연구목적에 부합하지 않는 설문지를 제외한 유효한 자료 326부를 분석에 사용하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 외식상품 추구편익 중 다양성 및 실용성 편익이 상징성 및 체험성 편익보다 동의성에 더욱 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에, 상징성 및 체험성 편익이 다양성 및 실용성 편익보다 중립성에 더욱 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, SNS 구전정보특성 중 동의성만이 외식상품 구매의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, SNS 구전정보특성 중 동의성이 중립성보다 외식상품 구전의도에 더욱 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, SNS 구전정보특성(동의성/중립성)은 외식상품 추구편익(다양성 및 실용성 편익/상징성 및 체험성 편익)과 구매의도 간에 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, SNS 구전정보특성(동의성/중립성)은 외식상품 추구편익(다양성 및 실용성 편익/상징성 및 체험성 편익)과 구전의도 간에 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 환경생물
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2004

생물다양성협약에서 국가 생물유전자원의 주권을 인정함에 따라 국가별로 생물유전자원의 관리에 대한 법적인 체계를 갖추어야 할 시기가 도래하였다. 생물유전자원의 관리에 있어서 가장 중요한 단계가 접근과 생물자원에서 파생하는 이익공유이다. 제6차 생물다양성협약 당사국 회의에서 채택된 본 지침은 접근과 이익공유과정에서 필수적인 상호합의조건과 사전통보승인제도를 포함하고 있다. 상호합의조건은 원산국과 이용 실체간의 계약 협정이고 사전통보승인제도는 생물자원 접근 전에 승인하는 것과 관련된 생물유전자원 관련 특이 제도이다. 아울러 국가연락기관과 국가책임기관의 책임, 유인조치 등에 관한 내용을 포함하고 있다. 우리나라의 생물유전자원 접근 관련 법률을 분석해 볼 때, 생물유전자원에 대한 이익공유와 특허권 문제가 고려되어 있지 않다. 생물유전자원 접근규제와 체계적인 관리를 위해서 정보 유용화 및 공개, 지적재산권을 조절하는 기관과 기타 이해관계자의 조정을 위한 국가관할기관의 역할이 중요하다. 다만, 이런 국가적 접근규제가 생물다양성관련 연구를 저해하지 않아야 하고 생물다양성협약의 목적인 생물다양성의 보존과 지속 가능한 이용에 위배되어서는 안 될 것이다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.110-130
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 대체에너지로서의 바이오매스에너지원의 정의와 특성 등을 살펴보고, 국내에서의 바이오매스 에너지원의 잠재력과 이용가능성에 대해서 검토하였다. 특히 임지잔재, 간벌재 등의 목질바이오매스는 자원량이 풍부하고, 임업 임산업의 활성화와 인공림의 간벌작업을 촉진하여 산림의 공익적 기능을 증대시킬 수 있는 에너지 자원으로서, 앞으로 지속적인 산림관리를 위한 새로운 임업의 과제가 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국사회복지학회 1999년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.187-212
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• 1999

Parental leave in Sweden is a part of the health insurance in national social insurance system. It has two kinds of benefits. One is parental cash benefit paid for both husband and wife on the occasion of child birth, currently 450days for each child. The other is temporary parental cash benefit when a child under the age of twelve or a caretaker for him is illness, which is six months for a child a year. Parental insurance in Sweden permits parents to take care of their children just after birth at home with the amount of 80% of monthly income for 360 days and 60 Swedish krone each day for 90 days more. It also permits parents with children under the age of eight of part-time work and return to former job at full-time base when they want. It consequently entourage women's economic activity in her whole life and contributes to promotion of equality in sex roles between husband and wife. This insurance scheme is beneficient in that it enhances individual and family welfare and also secures labour force. This case study on Swedish parental insurance offers implication how to resolve the conflict between women's increased demand for economic activity and maternal role.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.277-288
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• 2005

The proliferation of the internet technologies and applications has intensified business activities on the Internet. This study considered the price competition between two shopping channels, one on-line seller and the other traditional off-line retailer. Based on the Hotelling's linear market model, we derive the Nash and Stackelberg equilibria as a function of the cost parameters which represent the characteristics of the online and off-line channels. By analyzing the equilibrium solutions, the following significant findings were obtained. First, pricing by Stackelberg equilibrium always outperformed that of Nash equilibrium. However the value of the cost parameters played a crucial role in determining both channels' preferred position (price leader or follower). Second, the online seller could benefit more in terms of profit by lowering its efficiency when its efficiency belongs to a certain interval. Third, when the online seller's efficiency is low, lowering its delivery cost has no contribution to its profit. To benefit more from lowering its delivery cost, increasing its channel efficiency to a certain level should be preceded.