• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.15-27
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to investigate vegetation structure and present management planning of mountain type green space using the green space changes during the 20 years, actual vegetation, and plant community structure in land area of Inchon, Korea. The actual vegetation area in survey sites was consisted of Quercus acutissima community, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Pinus rigida forest, Q. mongolica-Pinus rigida community, P. rigida-Q. mongolica community, Q. monogolica community and so on. According to the classification by TWINSPAN, 61 survey plots were divided into 9 groups; Q. mongolica-Alnus japonica-R. pseudoacacia-P. densiflora, R. pseudoacacia-Styrax japonica, P. rigida-R. pseudoacacia-Q. mongolica, R. pseudoacacia-P. rigida-Q. mongolica-A. hirusta, Q. mongolica-P. thunbergii, and prunus sargentii-Zelkova serrata community. From this result, ecological succession trend of vegetation seems to be change from artificial result, ecological succession trend of vegetation seems to be change from artificial planting forest to native plant community which was dominated by Quercus spp.. This study area need to manage for the increase of biodiversity through the restoration of naturalness by ecological management of artificial planting forest and ecological planting of injured green space.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2003

Allelopathic effects of black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.) was evaluated through germination tests using 13 different species including R. pseudoacacia itself. The water extract from leaf or root of R. pseudoacacia was separately tested. Seed germination of several species was inhibited in the presence of leaf or root extract, although the level of germination was in a wide range depending on the species. Seed germination of R. pseudoacacia was suppressed by 30 % in its leaf extract. Among tested tree species, Hibiscus syriacus and Alnus frma showed significantly inhibited germination in the root extracts whereas Thuja orientalis exhibited germination inhibition in the leaf extract. HPLC was carried out to identify allelochemicals in extracts of leaf and root using eight authentic phenolic compounds that are known to be responsible for allelopathy. The major phenolic compounds occupying about 40 % of total phenolic acids were gentisic acid in leaves and vanillic acid and syringic acid in roots. The leaves contained 7 times more phenolic acids than the roots. Among 8 tested phenolic compounds vanillin was detected only in roots and coumaric acid in leaves. Consequently, 3 out of 13 species showed significantly inhibited germination due to leaf or root extract. This germination test indicates that the inhibitory allelopathic effect by R. pseudoacacia is caused by chemical interaction not by nutritional competition and that the allelochermicals of black locust act species-specifically. No specific influence of the total amount of phenolic compounds on the allelopathic inhibitory germination and the synergic effect by each phenolic compound may play a role for the allelopathic effect by R. pseudoacacia.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 1987

The forest vegetation of Jongyeoul hill, Seoul, was classified into six secondary forests and two plantations by ZM method; Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, Pinus rigida, Robinia pseudoacacia and Alnus hirsuta-Quercus mongolica community, and Castanea crenata and Pinus koraiensis plantation. In the herb layer the species richness and total coverage of deciduous broad leaf forests showed higher values than those of evergreen needle leaf forests. The peak in July at Q. acutissima forest and in the middle of June at R. pseudoacacia forest. Simpson's diversity index(Ds) in different stands are as follows: Ds>0.6 in R. pseudoacacia forest, Ds=0.3~0.6 in Q. acutissima forest and Ds<0.3 in P. densiflora and P. rigida forest. It is found that, although dominance rank and importance value were originated from different school each other, two measures can be used exchangablym showing almost linear positive correlation between them in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.2
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• pp.168-173
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• 2006

Stem respiration rate ($R_{stem}$) was examined using an open flow system on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). $R_{stem}$ exponentially increased with increasing air and stem temperature during measurement period and was most closely correlated with stem temperature. It was more closely correlated with stem temperature observed 0.5-2.0 hrs earlier than with current stem temperature, that is, there was time lag between the increase of stem temperature and the efflux of $CO_2$ from stem. $R_{stem}$ gradually increased from spring to summer, and then decreased during autumn. $R_{stem}$ ranged from 0.13 to $4.44{\mu}mol$ $CO_2m^{-2}s^{-1}$. $Q_{10}$ decreased with increasing stem temperature, and varied along position (or diameter) within trees during the same period, especially during the growing season. On the other hand, time lag was shortened with increasing temperature.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.2 s.159
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• pp.67-72
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• 2005

The objectives of this study were to identify the period of initiation of floral primordia in black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and subsequent development of floral buds until following spring. Four mature trees of black locust located in Suwon, Korea were selected. Bud samples were collected from the current-year shoots, starting from mid June to July every week, from August to October and from February to April every month. The buds were fixed in FAA solution, dehydrated, and imbedded in paraffin for microscopic observation. Buds collected on June 16, and 23, 1997, contained primitive primordia that might be interpreted as early floral primordia. By June 30, a bud showed a positive indication of inflorescence primordium with a well-formed shoot apex. All the inflorescence primordia observed throughout the collection periods were always associated with unique hairy appendages around the primordium and enclosed within a sclerenchymatous chamber. By July 7 and 15, a floral apex had early bud scales. By July 22, primitive inflorescence developed into visible arrangement of individual floral primordial By July 29, the inflorescence developed into whirl arrangement of individual floral primordia in a transverse section, but showed little further development until October 15. The inflorescence primordia seemed to over-winter at this stage. Buds collected from February 15 and March 24 the following year also showed no further development of inflorescence primordia. By April 7 the inflorescence started to show further development with elongated axis. At this time individual flowers were easily recognized.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.317-323
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• 1994

The calluses formed on the surface of a quarter-girdled Robinia pseudoacacia stems have been shown to originate from immature xylem cells and preexisting cambial cells. The cellus is not only formed by periclinal and anticlinal divisions of radial cells, but also axial cells. In tangential view, the callus at initial stage showed heterogeneous structure composed of long and short cells and then homogeneous one with short cells. Some cells of homogeneous structure in middle region of callus at early stage is later elongated and others mainly divided in trasverse plane. In the result the homogeneous structure becomes into a heterogeneous one. Subsequently, the long cells in heterogeneous structures elongated further and became fusifrom initials, and the short cells divided transversely became ray initials. The appearence of homogeneous and heterogeneous structure in the callus on debarked stem without organ elongation is almost similar to that of the structure in the procambium of young stem which is elongating extensively. Eventually, the ontogeny of vascular cambium in wound callus resembles that of a young stem grown normally, although the debarked stem does not grow in length but in girth and the young stem elongates activity. These findings mean that the active intrusive growth of short procambial cells occurs during the differentiation of fusiform cambial cells.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.88-94
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• 2015

An investigation was conducted on the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus etunicatum on the formation of soil aggregate and mycorhizal development in the roots of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings in coal mine tailings and forest soil. G. etunicatum formed mycorrhizas by 35.1 % in coal mine tailings and by 48.9 % in forest soil. Its infection was the typical Arum-type forming inter-cellular hyphae and intra-cellular arbuscules. Ergosterol contents were 3.20 ppm in forest soil and 1.92 ppm in coal mine tailings. The formation of soil aggregate per 50 g pot soil was 19.6 g and 9.5 g in inoculated and noninoculated forest soil and 16.5 g and 11.0 g in inoculated and non-inoculated coal min tailings, respectively. In conclusion, G. etunicatum inoculation increased the formation of soil aggregate both in forest soil and coal mine tailings, but was less effective in the latter.

• Plant Resources
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 1999

This study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) as substrates for several edible mushrooms. For the cultivation of several edible and/or medicinal fungi on black locust, optimum bulk densities, synthetic or semisynthetic additives, natural additives and pretreatment methods were investigated. Fruit body yields of the fungi on various sawdust media composed of different wood species were also analyzed for testing the capability of black locust as a substrate for mushroom production. Mycelial growths decreased proportional when the bulk density increased. The most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources as additives to promote the mycelial growth were sucrose (2%, w/w) and ammonium phosphate (0.2%, w/w) respectively. When corn-powder and beer-waste as natural additives were added to sawdust of black locust showed the significant growth of mycelia. And the optimum mixing ratio was 10:2:1 (sawdust: corn-powder: beer-waste, w/w). Black locust after cold water treatment showed the outstanding mycelial growths. Any significant changes of pH, moisture content (%) and dry-weight losses (%) could not be found among culture substrates (sawdust of black locust, oak and poplar wood) examined before and after harvesting of fruit bodies. Yield of fruit bodies on black locust culture media were comparable with those culture media composed with oak and poplar wood. The present work indicated strongly the potentiality of black locust as raw materials for edible and medicinal mushrooms.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.225-228
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• 2019

The genus Chrysaster Kumata is one of the members in Lithocolletinae of Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera: Gracillarioidea). Chrysaster hagicola Kumata, 1961 has been the only known species of the genus in Korea so far. In this study, we report another species, Chrysaster ostensackenella (Fitch, 1859) for the first time from Korea. The samples of C. ostensackenella were collected as larvae and adults on Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabales: Fabaceae). Diagnostic characteristics with a brief description are given, as well as, photographs of adults and genitalia of both sexes are provided. A further study on C. ostensackenella is strongly recommended, especially for the business of honey, as this species is recently known to be a serious pest on acacias (black locust) in China.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.118-125
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• 2021

Leguminosae plants are known for its phytoestrogen constituents which play a major role in the prevention of osteoporosis, cancer and heart disease. In this study, the estrogenic activity of 158 samples from 58 species, 3 subspecies and 10 varieties of Leguminosae plants growing in Korea was evaluated. An estrogen, 17β-estradiol was used as a reference compound, and the potency of each sample was expressed in relative efficacy (%) compared to that of the reference by a reporter gene assay using MCF-7 cells. As results, the estrogenic activity of methanolic extracts of Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis, Sophora flavescens, Lespedeza × robusta, Indigofera pseudotinctoria, Maackia amurensis, Glycine soja, Wisteria floribunda, Robinia pseudoacacia, Astragalus sinicus, Pueraria lobata, Lespedeza maximowiczii var. tomentella, Trifolium repens and Crotalaria sessiliflora showed similar to or higher at 100 ㎍/ml than the positive control at 10 nM. These findings can be a potential evidence for developing estrogen alternatives resolving various types of menopause symptoms with information on proper harvest season and usage plant part. To the best of our knowledge, the estrogenic activity of Lespedeza × robusta, Indigofera pseudotinctoria, Wisteria floribunda, Robinia pseudoacacia and Lespedeza maximowiczii var. tomentella is reported for the first time in this study.