• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2256-2261
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• 2008

The electric snow melting and deicing system by electric heating cable which is adopted in this study is a part of road facilities to keep surface temperature of the road higher than freezing point of water for melting the snow or ice accumulated on it. The electric heating cables are buried under paved road at a certain depth and a certain pitch and operated automatically and manually. Design theory, amount of heating, and installation standard vary according to economic situation, weather condition, and installation place. A main purpose of this study is figuring out the appropriate range of required heat capacity and installation depth and pitches for solving snowdrifts and freezing problems with minimum electric power consumption. This study was performed under the ambient air temperature($-2^{\circ}C$, $-5^{\circ}C$), the pitches of the electric heating cables (200 mm, 300 mm), heating value ($250\;W/m^2$, $300\;W/m^2$, $350\;W/m^2$).

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2003

본 연구는 도로 포장에 자체 융설 아스팔트 혼합물의 적용을 위해, 융빙특성을 분석하는 기초연구의 일환으로 수행되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 아스콘 제조시 지속성있는 융설제를 첨가하여 높은 융설기능을 유지하도록 한 아스팔트 혼합물을 개발하고 이에 대한 융빙(설) 특성 및 아스팔트 포장으로서의 역학적 특성을 알아보는데 있다. 결합재로는 AC 60-80이 사용되었고, 본 연구에서 개발된 융설제와 CRM이 건식 혼합방법으로 사용되었다. 기존 포장위에 박층포장 용도로 사용하기 위한 샌드 융설 아스팔트 혼합물과 표층용 혼합물과 동일 용도인 13mm 밀입도 융설 아스팔트 혼합물을 개발하였다. 아스팔트 혼합물의 특성을 평가하기 위하여 마샬안정도와 간접인장강도, 결빙 및 융빙실험, 용출수의 수질분석 실험을 수행하였다 융설 아스팔트 혼합물은 포장용 혼합물로서의 충분한 강도 및 우수한 융설 기능도 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 용출수의 중성화를 유도하여 도로 주변의 식생에도 악영향을 미치지 않을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국도로학회 2010년 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.53-56
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• 2010

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

PURPOSES : A finite difference model considering snow melting process on porous asphalt pavement was derived on the basis of heat transfer and mass transfer theories. The derived model can be applied to predict the region where black-ice develops, as well as to predict temperature profile of pavement systems where a de-icing system is installed. In addition, the model can be used to determined the minimum energy required to melt the ice formed on the pavement. METHODS : The snow on the porous asphalt pavement, whose porosity must be considered in thermal analysis, is divided into several layers such as dry snow layer, saturated snow layer, water+pavement surface, pavement surface, and sublayer. The mass balance and heat balance equations are derived to describe conductive, convective, radiative, and latent transfer of heat and mass in each layer. The finite differential method is used to implement the derived equations, boundary conditions, and the testing method to determine the thermal properties are suggested for each layer. RESULTS: The finite differential equations that describe the icing and deicing on pavements are derived, and we have presented them in our work. The framework to develop a temperature-forecasting model is successfully created. CONCLUSIONS : We conclude by successfully creating framework for the finite difference model based on the heat and mass transfer theories. To complete implementation, laboratory tests required to be performed.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.226-233
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• 1993

Thermosyphons are simple devices that can passively transport thermal energy over relatively large distance with little temperature degradation. Especially, the thermosyphon system requires no costly energy input and is completely maintenance free. These attributes permit the use of low grade thermal energy for thermal control of structures including the stabilization of highway foundations. This paper presents the experimental results of the snow melting system in which thermosyphon was utilized to ransfer the earth energy to the pavement to remove snow and ice. The test facility, three earth heated and one unheated test panels, is designed to investigate the variables associated with removing snow and ice from pavement surfaces. The results of these test show that the earth heated panel surface temperature is higher $2{\sim}6^{\circ}C$ than unheated panel when the ambient air temperature is $-7^{\circ}C$. The thermal performance of this earth source thermosyphon system for road heating showed that there was no snow on the heated test panels when the snowfall was 5cm average for the region.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2013

본 연구의 복합 센서의 상태 판정 알고리즘을 적용한 노면결빙 예측 및 강설 감지 시스템은 기존 단일 센서 만을 이용하던 기존 방식에서 벗어나, 접촉식/비접촉식 센서 및 적외선 카메라를 통합 운영하여 분사 시스템의 분사 시기와 융설액 분사량을 최적 제어한다. 시스템에 적용된 상태 판정 알고리즘은 취득한 온/습도 데이터와 수분 감지 데이터, 관측된 도로 영상의 영상처리기술 등을 이용하여 노면결빙 위험상태와 강설 상태 뿐만 아니라 강설 강도까지 구분하여 판정을 수행한다. 제작된 시스템의 현장 적용 실험에서는 강설 상태 감지율 89% 습윤 상태 감지율 94%의 우수한 판정 결과와 신뢰성을 검증하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2015

해외 선진국에서는 2000년 자연재해대책법 개정을 통해 차도 중심의 융설시스템에서 인권위주의 보행자 전용시스템으로 확대 적용하고 있으나, 국내에는 2006년 선진국형 융설시스템이 도입되어 도로 부문에 일부 시공 되었지만 보행자를 위한 융설시스템 개발 및 적용 사례는 전무한 편이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 열선의 열이 보도블록 상부로 효율적으로 전달되도록 함으로써 지반으로 손실되는 열을 최소화하고 충격에 따른 열선의 손상 방지 및 공정을 단순화하여 원가 및 공정을 절감할 수 있는 블록형 보도포장 기술을 개발하고 이를 현장 적용하였다. 품질시험 결과 휨강도는 KS기준보다 약 5배, 흡수율은 7배~10배의 성능이 향상된 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 현장 시험결과 기존 융설시스템은 노면의 온도가 영상으로 올라가는데 약 180분이 소요되었으나 블록형 보도포장 기술은 약 10분 정도 소요되었으며 30분 경과 후 노면 평균 온도는 $3.5^{\circ}C$를 유지하였다. 이처럼 조립식 보도블록 기술개발을 통해 겨울철 보행자 낙상방지를 통한 국민안전확보 및 화학제설제 사용 억제를 통한 환경오염 방지에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2001

Deicers have used for melting snow on the road during winter season, but they have largely influenced on environment and public assets and human health. The pollution level of snow and soil contained deicer was analyzed and evaluated the characteristics of deicers. The results were as follows 1. In the result of measurement of pollutants in snow contained deicer, the pH was a little higher than a comparative group and the concentration of $Cl^{-}$ ranged from 0.5% to 0.87%, and the electric conductivity ranged 12.4 to 24.6 mmho/cm. The concentration of Cd, As, and Hg was not detected, but those of Cu, Pb, Cr was higher than a comparative group. 2. In soil of the road spreaded with deicer, the pH is getting alkalized and the concentration of $Cl^{-}$ was high in January and returned the level of a comparative grout) in November by physical and chemical reaction with deicer, but the concentration of heavy metals were not connected with deicers. 3. In comparison of deicing efficiency, the concentration of $Cl^{-}$ was 3.3~5times high in spreading with deicer before snowing than after snowing. The concentration of $Cl^{-}$ in NaCl was higher than $CaCl_2$, but the deicing efficiency of Nacl was better than that of $CaCl_2$. Moreover, the new deicer have no salt, but deicing efficiency of new deicer was less than that of NaCl and $CaCl_2$.

• 한국지열·수열에너지학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2010

Fluent ver.6.3 is used as CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulator to predict the performance of snow-melting system by geothermal pipes energy. As the results of this simulation, it is clearly shown that $50^{\circ}C$ of working fluid in to geothermal evaluated as more effect comparing to $45^{\circ}C$ of working fluid. The Surface temperature is come to $5^{\circ}C$ at 1m/s speed and $50^{\circ}C$ temperature of the working fluid.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2013

PURPOSES : This study aims to investigate the snow-melt effects of an underground electric heater's snow-melt system via a field performance test, for evaluating the suitability of the system for use on a concrete pavement. The study also investigates the effectiveness of dynamic measures for clearing snow after snowfall events. METHODS : In order to check the field applicability, in November 2010, specimens were prepared from materials used for constructing concrete pavements, and underground electric heating meshes (HOT-mesh) were buried at depths of 50 mm and 100 mm at the site of the Incheon International Airport Construction Research Institute. Further, an automatic heating control system, including a motion sensor and pavement-temperature-controlled sensor, were installed at the site; the former sensor was intended for determining snow-melt effects of the heating control system for different snowfall intensities. Pavement snow-melt effects on snowy days from December 2010 to January 2011 were examined by managing the electric heating meshes and the heating control system. In addition, data on pavement temperature changes resulting from the use of the heating meshes and heating control system and on the dependence of the correlation between the outdoor air temperature and the time taken for the required temperature rise on the depth of the heating meshes were collected and analyzed. RESULTS : The effects of the heating control system's preheat temperature and the hot meshes buried at depths of 50 mm and 100 mm on the melting of snow for snowfalls of different intensities have been verified. From the study of the time taken for the specimen's surface temperature to increase from the preheat temperature ($0^{\circ}C$) to the reference temperature ($5{\sim}8^{\circ}C$) for different snowfall intensities, the correlation between the burial depth and outdoor air temperature has been determined to be as follows: Time=15.10+1.141Depth-6.465Temp CONCLUSIONS : The following measures are suggested. For the effective use of the electric heating mesh, it should be located under a slab it may be put to practical use by positioning it under a slab. From the management aspect, the heating control system should be adjusted according to weather conditions, that is, the snowfall intensity.