• 산업기술연구
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• 제30권B호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2010

Generally, the accuracy of the prediction of flood elevation is difficult to identify due to the sedimentation on a river bed, earth and sand being moved by flow, and localized torrential downpours caused by climate change. It is also because of natural and artificial influences on rivers. To predict river floodings successfully, more precise and reliable flood elevation prediction system is needed, in which the concentration time of downstream is numerically interpreted through analyzing and utilizing the watermark of the upper region. Therefore, this research analyzed the prediction methods of the changes in water levels, which use the watermarks of the upper region. The watermarks which impacts the spot being predicted of flood was selected through floodgate analysis and correlation analysis. With the selected watermarks, a statistically reliable regression equation was yielded.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2018

홍수 발생 시 제공되는 적절한 비상대처방안(EAP) 정보는 재난에 효과적으로 대응하기 위한 필수요소이며, 상습 침수지역과 예상지역의 인명 및 재산피해를 줄이는 중요한 역할을 한다. 국내에서 사용하는 대부분의 EAP는 국가위기관리기본지침의 위기경보 4단계를 근간으로 해당 시설물에 대한 단계별 대응업무를 규정하도록 되어 있다. 이와 관련하여 홍수통제소는 수위표 또는 해발고도를 기준으로 하천지점별 홍수주의보와 홍수경보를 계획홍수량의 50%와 70%를 기준으로 발현하고 있으나, 위기경보 각 단계별 설정기준과의 명확한 연관관계를 제시하고 있지 않다. 반면, 일본과 미국의 경우 수재해 대응단계를 구분하는데 있어 하천수위를 가장 중요한 판단기준으로 삼고 있으며, 국내보다는 높은 계획홍수위 설정기준을 갖고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 국내 하천홍수 대응 수재해 위기경보 4단계 설정기준을 개선하기 위하여 국내외 관련 규정 및 적용현황을 분석하였으며, 실무자 관점에서 실효성을 제고하기 위하여 위기경보단계별 설정기준을 상향조정하고 수위표 기준으로 표기방식을 개선하도록 제안하였다. 적용성 및 실효성 검증을 위하여 개선된 설정기준(안)을 수변구조물 재난대응 의사결정시스템에 적용하고 테스트베드에 대한 모의훈련을 실시하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.11-23
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• 2020

The effectiveness of in situ sediment capping as a technique for heavy metal risk mitigation in Hyeongsan River estuary, South Korea was studied. Sites in the estuary were found previously to show moderate to high levels of contamination of mercury, methylmercury and other heavy metals. A 400 m × 50 m section of the river was selected for a thin layer capping demonstration, where the total area was divided into 4 sections capped with different combinations of capping materials (zeolite, AC/zeolite, AC/sand, zeolite/sand). Pore water concentrations in the different sites were studied using diffusive gradient in thin film (DGT) probes. All capping amendments showed reduction in the pore water concentration of the different heavy metals with top 5 cm showing %reduction greater than 90% for some heavy metals. The relative maxima for the different metals were found to be translated to lower depths with addition of the caps. For two-layered cap with AC, order of placement should be considered since AC can easily be displaced due to its relatively low density. Investigation of methylmercury (MeHg) in the site showed that MeHg and %MeHg in pore water corresponds well with maxima for sulfide, Fe and Mn suggesting mercury methylation as probably coupled with sulfate, Fe and Mn reduction in sediments. Our results showed that thin-layer capping of active sorbents AC and zeolite, in combination with passive sand caps, are potential remediation strategy for sediments contaminated with heavy metals.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2016

This paper presents a preliminary study on the influence of laterite soil replacing conventional fine aggregates on the strength properties of GGBS-blended-concrete. For this purpose, GGBS-blended-concrete samples with 40% GGBS, 60% Portland cement (PC), and locally available laterite soil was used. Laterite soils at 0, 25, 50 and 75% by weight were used in trails to replace the conventional fine aggregates. A control mix using only PC, river sand, course aggregates and water served as bench mark in comparing the performance of the composite concrete mix. Test blocks including 60 cubes for compression test; 20 cylinders for split tensile test; and 20 beams for flexural strength test were prepared in the laboratory. Results showed decreasing trends in strength parameters with increasing laterite content in GGBS-blended-concrete. 25% and 50% laterite replacement showed convincing strength (with small decrease) after 28 day curing, which is about 87-90% and 72-85% respectively in comparison to that achieved by the control mix.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.345-362
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• 2017

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the risk of various disease outcomes due to exposure to cyanobacteria toxin (microcystin-LR) through drinking water in a Korean watershed. In order to determine the risk in a more quantitative way, the risk assessment framework developed by the National Research Council (NRC) of the United States (US) - hazard identification, dose-response relationship, exposure assessment, and risk characterization - was used in this study. For dose-response relationships, a computer software (BenchMark Dose Software (BMDS)) developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was used to fit the data from previous studies showing the relationship between the concentration of microcystin-LR and various disease outcomes into various dose-response models. For exposure assessment, the concentrations of microcystin-LR in the source water and finished water in a Korean watershed obtained from a recent study conducted by the Ministry of Environment of Korea were used. Finally, the risk of various disease outcomes due to exposure to cyanobacteria toxin (microcystin-LR) through drinking water was characterized by Monte-Carlo simulation using Crystall Ball program (Oracle Inc.) for adults and children. The results of this study suggest that the risk of disease due to microcystin-LR toxin through drinking water is very low and it appears that current water treatment practice should be able to protect the public from the harmful effects of cyanobacteria toxin (microcystin-LR) through drinking water.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.809-818
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• 2020

To conserve the population of a hesperiid butterfly, Leptalina unicolor, inhabiting the protected areas of Jaeyaksan, we provide ecological information on their behavior and propose habitat conservation measures, such as the creation of alternative habitats based on comprehensive information. The behavioral study used a method of re-capture after releasing the butterfly with enamel marks on the wings. Adult behaviors were shown in four patterns: flying, settling on a plant, nectar absorption, and water absorption. Both males and females had the highest proportion of flight movement overall; however, males had a slightly higher proportion of flight movement. As for duration, females spent more time settling on plants to select spawning sites, and males seemed to take a longer time for water absorption activities, to absorb minerals needed to form the spermatophore. The average travel distance of butterflies was 27.5 m for females and 46.7 m for males, with daily activity ranges from 11.2 m to 43.8 m, and 21.4 to 57.6 m, respectively. The most important condition to preserve the habitat of Leptalina unicolor is to maintain the community of Miscanthus sinensis, a food plant. Additionally, because this butterfly has a high rate of water absorption activities, wetlands should be maintained.

• 생태와환경
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.322-328
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• 2012

금강수계 백곡천 상류에 서식하는 미호종개(국가 천연기념물)를 대상으로 형광물질 주입에 의한 다중표지-재포획법(졸리-시바모델적용)으로 개체군 크기를 추정하였다. 총 어류조사지점은 335개였고, 그 중 미호종개가 출현 지점은 217개 였다. 본 연구에서 추정한 미호종개 평균 개체군 크기는 6,143개체였다. 이는 2009년 환경부에서 수행한 미호종개 개체군 규모와 비교 했을때보다 41% 감소된 것이다. 백곡천에서 본 종의 감소는 미소서식지 훼손, 퇴적물, 서식환경의 악화 등의 영향으로 판단된다. 따라서 백곡천 본 종의 개체군 회복 미소서식지 보호를 위해 서식지복원 프로그램이 요구된다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.99-111
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• 2014

금강 지류인 충북 진천군 백곡천의 어류군집 및 멸종위기종 미호종개의 서식양상을 밝히기 위하여 2012년 조사를 실시하였다. 상류 (St. 1~3)는 하천형이 계곡형인 Aa 또는 Aa-Bb형이고 하상은 주로 큰돌과 돌로 이루어져 있었으며 10~14종의 어류가 서식하고 있었고, 중류 (St. 4~5)는 중류형인 Bb형 또는 Bb-Bc형으로 하상은 돌과 큰돌, 자갈로 이루어져 있었으며 15~21종의 어류가 서식하고 있었다. St. 6은 백곡저수지로 하상은 대부분 펄이었고 9종이 서식하고 있었으며, St. 7은 백곡저수지 유출지점으로 하천형이 Aa-Bb형이고 하상은 주로 큰돌과 돌로 이루어져 있었으며 7종이 채집되었다. 하류(St. 8~9)는 중류형인 Bb형으로 하상은 주로 돌과 모래로 이루어져 있었으며 20~23종의 어류가 서식하고 있었다. 백곡천에 출현한 종수는 모두 10과 35종이었으며, 우점종은 피라미(34.7%)였고, 아우점종은 돌고기(9.4%)와 돌마자(9.0%)였으며, 그 다음으로 민물검정망둑(8.2%), 모래무지(5.9%), 붕어(4.6%), 참몰개(3.7%), 밀어(3.0%) 순으로 우세하게 출현하였다. 출현종 중 고유종은 10종 (28.6%)이었으며, 외래어종은 떡붕어와 배스 2종이었다. 천연기념물이며 멸종위기종인 미호종개는 St. 5의 유속이 느리고 수심 0.3~1.0 m이며 하상이 모래인 곳에 주로 서식하고 있었다. 이들의 생태적 특징을 조사한 결과 서식개체수는 $7,838{\pm}6,290$개체가, 연령은 당년생 전장 38~45 mm, 1년생 46~60 mm, 2년생 61~80 mm, 3년생 이상은 81~93 mm로 추정되었고, 비만도지수 (${\times}10^5$)는 암컷 0.36~0.39, 수컷 0.35~0.38이었으며, 기생충의 일종인 이생충(digenea)이 13.5%가 감염되어 있었다. 그 밖에 백곡천 미호종개의 건강성과 위협요인, 보전에 대해 논의하였다.