• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.4
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• pp.211-240
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• 2006

King Taejo, Wang Gun had succeeded in bringing order out of chaos of the Later Three Kingdoms and establishing a new unified dynasty, Koryo. Why can he gain the victory against the king of Later Baekje, GyunHwon? What is the his leadership? These are his leadership. (1) He had the peserverance. in 927 Wang Gun had broken by Gyun Hwon's army at Gong San. Nevertheless He didn't dissapoint and trained troops for battle steadily. Therefore in 930 he gained a great victory against Gyun Hwon at An Dong. (2) He use the command rights justically. (3)His soldiers are obedient to his orders involuntarily. (4) He always cooperateed with other’s commanders. (5)He efforted to gain victory without battle. (6)He had a high and great plan. (7) He took advantage of land configuration. (8) He made the enemy to fall into internal disarray. With these leadership, Wang Gun unified Later Three Kingdoms. Regarding himself as the success or to Goguryo, he pursued a policy of expansion to the north. Therefore he extended his borders to Chongchon River. At the same time he broke the chains of the bone-rank system which had shackled Shil1a's society.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.181-186
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• 2001

In this study, we observed air temperature to make clear that land coverage condition and forest form has a certain relationship to air temperature in a day in various green space. And with revolution analysis, interpreted relationship of air temperature distribution in the green space, of land coverage rate and air temperature, of volume of tree and temperature. With this experimental result, propose green plan, taking into consideration lower effect of air temperature. In this result lower zone is formed in forest and water area, higher zone is done in paved surface and barren ground. And arbor＋subarbor area, water area sur-rounded forest and small river is formed relative lower air temperature. In my opinion to promote efficiency lower air temperature area, it is need to make water area surrounded forest, to make forest form lower air temperature 2∼3 layer forest. Lower air temperature effect is in order of arbor, subarbor, shrub and is proportioned increasing of tree.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.599-599
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• 2015

최근 지구온난화로 인한 기후변화로 자연재해의 형태는 점차 대형화, 다양화 되고 있는 추세이다. 이와 같이 기후변화에 의한 강도 높은 국지성 집중호우의 영향으로 막대한 인명 및 재산 피해를 주고 있으며, 이를 최소화하기 위한 대안을 마련하기 위해서는 정확한 홍수량 산정과 홍수방지 시설물들이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 탐진강 하구부의 홍수방어계획 수립을 위해 가상의 분수로 설치 유무에 따른 수리특성을 비교 분석하고자 HEC-RAS모형과 RMA-2모형을 적용하여 모델링을 수행하였다. 먼저 1차원 수리모형인 HEC-RAS모형을 이용하여 탐진강 본류의 홍수위 저하 효과를 검토한 결과 현 상태와 비교했을 때 분수로 설치 시 홍수위가 최대 0.35m저하 되는 것으로 분석되었다. 2차원 수리모형인 RMA-2모형을 적용하기 위해 유한요소망을 구축하고 탐진강 본류 및 분수로의 흐름특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 분수로 분류 후 탐진강 본류의 유속 및 수위가 저하되는 것으로 나타났으며, 분수로의 유속은 대체적으로 3.0m/s이하로 분석되었다. 분수로 설치 시 탐진강 본류의 홍수량이 일부 감소하나 유사이송능력도 함께 감소하여, 탐진강 하구부 하상퇴적이 예상됨으로 향후 추가적인 연구를 통해 합리적인 홍수방어계획을 제시할 예정이다.

• Architectural research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.135-143
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• 2020

The Netherlands is a human-made country and an extremely well-designed European country as well. The general Dutch spatial planning for the city and environment takes place at a regional level. The local community determines the primary development conditions, and the prospect is included in a legally binding land-use plan. Especially, Rotterdam is a representative port city as the center of world trade and the gateway to western Europe. According to the history of war, the city reconstruction and the movement of the port area have led to a general change in Rotterdam and the regional redevelopment project on the southern port area of Mass river for the expansion of city functions and the balanced development. The research purpose is to understand the spatial development of the Netherlands city-region based on the analysis regarding the Kop van Zuid project, which is a representative implemented case in Rotterdam. The theoretical framework is the five dimensions and twelve indicators of territorial governance from the TANGO research project by the EU. The target case is assessed by planning and social aspect, respectively, and the results are discussed based on the theoretical framework. This research has the possibility to be utilized as advanced research by the European perspective for spatial development in other city-regions with the port area, such as Incheon and Busan in Korea.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

This paper analyzes the comparative advantages and development prospects of the China (Anhui) Pilot Free Trade Zone. Based on a SWOT analysis method, this study finds that the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone has a set of comparative advantages, including location advantage, rich resources, industrial transformation and new industries, technological innovation capabilities, new patterns for development, and policy support. In recent years, by leveraging its key resources, Anhui Province has been committed to developing an open economy. Furthermore, its economic vitality has increased significantly under preferential policies such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the China-Europe International Freight Shuttle, and the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Plan. As a result, the total foreign trade has continued to grow. The findings of this study highlight that the comparative advantages are of great significance to the development of the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone, which helped expand the scope and openness of the regional economy and foreign investment. However, to achieve the development objectives of the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone as planned, these comparative advantages must be developed and converted into a set of sustainable competitive advantages for the regional economy. Therefore, a few development suggestions are put forward.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.210-210
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• 2022

This study evaluates Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) projects in Thailand from 2011 to 2013 by deploying the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) evaluation criteria. Special attention is placed on disaster-related development assistance activities of Japan through reviewing long-term impacts of the projects. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has played a crucial role in transferring Japan's experiences on disaster risk management to developing countries, including Thailand. The study highlights two flood risk management projects in Thailand with the support of JICA after the 2011 floods, namely the Project for the Comprehensive Flood Management Plan for the Chao Phraya River Basin and the Project for Flood Countermeasures for Thailand Agriculture Sector. The case studies demonstrate that the projects were efficiently and effectively conducted for meeting Thailand's needs and requirements. JICA provided multi-hazards risk analysis through scientific data as well as local knowledge. However, achievements of the project did not last for long because of a lack of Thai stakeholders' commitment and JICA's post-project management. It is concluded that a development agency should consider impacts and sustainability of flood risk management projects more carefully from the stage of planning, and the practical application of the knowledge, and technologies should also be monitored progressively after the completion of the project.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.407-407
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• 2020

수자원은 인간을 포함한 모든 생물이 생존을 위한 필수적 자원으로 확보 및 관리가 매우 중요하다. 우리나라의 유역조사 사업은 1960년대 경제개발계획의 하나로 시작되어 댐 개발사업 등과 같은 수자원 개발을 위한 사전조사의 관점으로 진행되었다. 이후 2000년부터는 지속 가능한 개발·보전 및 계획·조사체계 정비 등에 목적을 두고 단위유역별로 시행되었으며, 2007년 이후부터는 전국유역을 대상으로 매년 정기적으로 수행되고 있다. 하천유역조사 사업의 목적은 유역조사를 체계적이기 지속해서 수행함으로써 수자원장기종합계획 및 하천유역종합치수계획 등 수자원 정책의 수립에 필요한 일관성 있고 신뢰성 있는 기초정보를 제공이다. 한국수자원조사기술원은 '유역조사 지침'을 근거로 13개 항목에 대한 현장조사를 수행하고 있다. 한국수자원조사기술원은 하천유역조사 과업을 수자원 환경변화에 능동적으로 대처하고 물관리 분야의 지속 가능한 발전이 이루어질 수 있도록 진행할 것이다. 세부적으로 조사인력의 전문성을 극대화하고 최신식 조사장비 및 분석기법을 도입하여 유역조사 성과에 대한 주기적인 검토 및 고찰을 수행하여 유역조사 결과의 고도화를 진행할 것이다. 이와 같은 과업을 추진하여 수자원 관리 측면에서 직면하고 있는 현안에 대한 해결책을 모색하는데 기여하고자 한다.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.35-50
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• 2021

In this study, we analyzed the changes in the topographical landscape and the sedimentary environment to evaluate the ecological value of the Dongcheon Estuary and protect the wetland, and presented the conservation management method of the Dongcheon Estuary. Based on the result of topographical landscape analysis, agricultural land tended to decrease continuously, and artificial structures gradually increased. Moreover, in sediment analysis, the Dongcheon Estuary showed both the characteristics of river sediments and coastal sediments, and in some areas problems such as acidification and nutritional imbalance appeared. Therefore, in order to protect and manage the Dongcheon Estuary with high ecological value, it is necessary to limit the development around micro topography and minimize the artificial damage in the Dongcheon Estuary. In addition, efforts such as securing facilities for reducing pollutants and freshwater wetlands for pollutants, that flow in from nonpoint pollutants are required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.15-30
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• 2019

Changpo Lake was created as a part of a land reclamation for refugee self-helping projects. It shows characteristics of a fresh water lake, and still retains the early appearance of reclamation that surrounding regions have not been developed into farm lands. Shallow wetland has formed around the lake, which provides great conditions for diverse lives, and surrounding earthiness is favorable for growth of vegetation and restoration of the ecosystem. However, as facilities of the Muan International Airport nearby Changpo Lake are expanding and barns are being constructed, artificialness is gradually increasing. Particularly, since pollution sources such as sport facilities, farm lands and barns are scattered around Changpo Lake, pollutants are flowing in constantly. Accordingly, the results for setting up management areas according to the spatial characteristics and creating natural ecological spaces near Changpo Lake, Taebongcheon stream and Hakgyecheon stream are as follows. First, the creation of a natural eco-friendly waterfront space should be promoted by securing the health of the aquatic ecosystem and restoring species and the ecosystem. In addition, a consultative body needs to be formed to lead local residents to participating in river investigation and monitoring, maintenance, and management through role sharing. Second, the basic direction of the spatial management plan is to keep the unique charm of Changpo Lake, maintain harmony with nature, create diverse waterfront areas, and secure the continuity of Changpo Lake and inflow streams. Moreover, the area should be divided into three zones such as a conservation zone, a restoration zone and a waterfront zone, and for each zone, the preservation of vegetation, the creation of ecological wetlands and restoration of the ecotone and ecological nature need to be promoted. Third, facilities and activity programs for each space of Changpo Lake should be operated for efficient management of protected areas. In order to suit the status of each space, biological habitats, water purification spaces, experiential and learning spaces, and convenience and rest spaces should be organized and designated as research, monitoring, education, and tourism areas. Accordingly, points of interest should be set up within the corresponding area. In this study, there are many parts that need to be supplemented for immediate implementation since the detailed plans and project costs for the promotion of programs by area are not calculated. Therefore, it is necessary to make detailed project plans and consider related projects such as water quality, restoration of habitats, nature learning and observation, and experience of ecological environments based on the categories such as research, monitoring, education and tourism in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Eutrophication occurs occasionally in flood control reservoirs around Juam lake in summer and early autumn. Lakeside macrophyte which is one of internal pollutants effects on water quality when it is submerged during water surface is rising after rainy season. METHODS AND RESULTS: To improve water the quality of water from water supply source and to establish the management plan of submerged plants in flood control reservoirs around Juam Lake, the removal and release velocities of nutrients by submerged plants in site 1 and 2 were investigated. Removal or release velocity constant (K) of COD by Carex dimorpholepis Steud in column was 0.07~0.18 $day^{-1}$ at 0~4 days after flooding, -0.23~-0.17 $day^{-1}$ at 5~19 days after flooding and -0.28~0.03 $day^{-1}$ at 20~33 days after flooding. Removal or release velocity constant (K) of T-N by Carex dimorpholepis Steud was 0.02 $day^{-1}$ at 0~4(8) days after flooding, -0.13~-0.10 $day^{-1}$ at 5(9)~33 days after flooding in column. Removal or release velocity constant (K) of T-P by Carex dimorpholepis Steud was 0.05~0.06 $day^{-1}$ at 0~4 days after flooding, -0.14~-0.09 $day^{-1}$ at 5~33 days after flooding. Release velocity constant (K) of nutrients by Miscanthus sacchariflorus Benth was lower than that by Carex dimorpholepis Steud. In site 1, the amount of nutrients release by Carex dimorpholepis Steud was 6,719 kg/month/area for COD, 2,397 kg/month/area for T-N and 466 kg/month/area for T-P. The amounts of nutrients release by Carex dimorpholepis Steud were higher than those by Miscanthus sacchariflorus Benth in both sites. CONCLUSION(s): The results of this study suggest that COD, T-N and T-P in water quality of Juam lake were strongly influenced by submerged plants in flood control reservoirs.