• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.12-24
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• 2012

The Risks in undertaking a construction project comes from many sources and often involves many participants in the project. This study has identified various kinds of risks, assessed the risk factors quantitatively and suggested risk management method for response pertinent in Design Build(Turn Key)type of projects in Korean context. A questionnaire was designed comprising of 145 possible risks in all types of construction projects. The population from owner, consultant and contractor groups was asked to indicate the risks applicable in DB projects. 25 numbers of critical risks in DB projects were identified and further analyzed for reveling inherent relationship between them through factor analysis. Factor analysis revealed 8 risk factors in DB projects. Construction site related, contract related and design related risk factor consisted about 72% of total risk weight. It has been found out about 6%, while considering the mutual dependency, it is about 10% of total cost of DB project. Therefore, It is suggested that 6% to 10% of construction amount as contingency has to be made provision for risk responses in the DB projects.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2016

Objectives : Abnormal regulation of glucose and impaired lipid metabolism that result from a defective or deficient insulin are the key etiological factor in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The our study investigated the effects of Gamioknyeo-jeon (GO) on blood glucose and lipid metabolism improved by it in db/db mice (a murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus).Methods : The animals were divided into 3 groups: Normal groups were not-treated C57BL/6 mice; Control groups were treated orally with DW in db/db mice; GO groups were treated orally with GO (200 ㎎/㎏/day) in db/db mice. After mice were treated with GO for 5 weeks, we measured AST, ALT, creatinine, BUN, body weight, food intake, blood glucose, insulin and lipid levels (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol and atherogenic index(AI) and cardiac risk factor(CRF).Results : Serum AST, ALT, creatinine, BUN levels were not changed by GO do not show any toxic effects. GO groups were decreased in body weight, food intake and blood glucose level among compared to Control groups. Also, GO groups were found to have atherogenic Index and cardiac risk factor as well as lipid metabolism improvement (total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decrease). Finally, GO groups were increased the insulin compared to Normal and control groups.Conclusions : We suggest that GO may have the control effects of diabetes mellitus by improving blood glucose control and lipid metabolism.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.14-24
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• 2012

Recently, a delivery system has been rapidly changed in the global construction market. Also, construction projects are becoming bigger and more technology-intensive. A lot of projects have been delivered by Design-Build(DB) System; from the standpoint of cost, approximately 40% of delivered constructions by a Public Procurement Service were DB in 2009. Nevertheless, the achievement has not surpassed our expectations on management of the project cost. On the characteristic of DB, the reasons why that happens are that projects contract have been signed after the Design Development Stage; the insufficient review about new technology and up-to-date construction methods; a lack of discussion in process of design. Those reasons cause a risk of increasing Cost of the projects. In order to solve these problems, it is desirable to find Cost-increasing factors in promoting the projects and select on the order of priority for Risk-Factor with careful management. Therefore, this study analyzed the weight of each phase of the project on the authority of properties of DB project, and identified Risk-factors which is increasing the cost on the aspect of project management. Based on this analysis, the impact assessment of Risk-factor is evaluated through the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis(FMEA).

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.15-25
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• 2022

As the incidence and mortality of serious disasters in the construction industry are the highest, various efforts are being made in Korea to reduce them. Among them, risk assessment is used as data for disaster reduction measures and evaluation of risk factors at the construction stage. However, the existing risk assessment involves the subjectivity of the performer and is vulnerable to the domestic construction site. This study established a DB classification system for risk assessment with the aim of early identification and pre-removal of risks by quantitatively deriving risk factors using BIM in the risk assessment field and presents a methodology for risk assessment using BIM. Through this, prior removal of risks increases the safety of construction workers and reduces additional costs in the field of safety management. In addition, since it can be applied to new construction methods, it improves the understanding of project participants and becomes a tool for communication. This study proposes a framework for deriving quantitative risks based on BIM, and will be used as a base technology in the field of risk assessment using BIM in the future.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Mitigating insulin resistance and hyperglycemia is associated with a decreased risk of diabetic complications. The effect of Daraesoon (shoot of hardy kiwi, Actinidia arguta) on hyperglycemia was investigated using a type 2 diabetes animal model. MATERIALS/METHODS: Seven-week-old db/db mice were fed either an AIN-93G diet or a diet containing 0.4% of a 70% ethanol extract of Daraesoon, whereas db/+ mice were fed the AIN-93G diet for 7 weeks. RESULTS: Consumption of Daraesoon significantly reduced serum glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin levels, along with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance in db/db mice. Conversely, Daraesoon elevated the serum adiponectin levels compared to the db/db control group. Furthermore, Daraesoon significantly decreased both serum and hepatic triglyceride levels, as well as serum total cholesterol levels. Additionally, consumption of Daraesoon resulted in decreased hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that hypoglycemic effect of Daraesoon is mediated through the improvement of insulin resistance and the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in db/db mice.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.467-483
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• 2016

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effect of IUS (Inulsan, an extract of Artemisiae capillaris (茵蔯), Curcumae longae (鬱金), and Crataegi fructus (山査)) on anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammation.Method: We administered water extracts of Artemisiae capillaris, Curcumae longae, and Crataegi fructus for three weeks to db/db mice (C57BL/Ks), animal models induced with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mice were divided into three groups: normal (C57BL/6J mice group), control group (db/db mice without administration of IUS) and IUS group (db/db mice treated with IUS). Then we measured total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride in the serum after the oral administration of IUS.Results: 1. IUS did not show any cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells. 2. IUS decreased AST, ALP, and creatinine levelsand did not show any liver or renal toxicity in the db/db mice. 3. IUS increased DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and decreased ROS production in RAW 264.7 cells. 4. IUS significantly decreased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 cells. 5. IUS increased HDL cholesterol and significantly decreased total cholesterol and triglyceride in db/db mice. 6. IUS significantly decreased the atherogenic index and cardiac risk factor. 7. In contrast with the control group, fat infiltration in the liver and aorta decreased in IUS treated mice. The cell nucleus was located in the central area in H&E staining of liver. And endomembranes also were more thinner than the control group in H&E staining of aorta.Conclusions: These results suggest that IUS might be effective in the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.585-592
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• 2017

Most sewer lines buried in the city are likely to be collapsed due to serious aging. Also, due to the high concentration of development and high population density and traffic, the collapse of the sewer will cause enormous social and economic damage. Therefore, proactive maintenance is required to prevent accidents caused by deteriorated sewer pipe. In order to utilize limited budget effectively, risk-based prioritization methods should be proposed that simultaneously consider the consequence of failure and the probability of failure. In this study, the method of risk-based prioritization of sewer was examined by reviewing various cases of overseas studies and applied to the urban sub-catchment. First, the impact factors that can be secured through the sewer GIS DB in Seoul were derived, and the weight, sub-criteria, and impact score of each impact factor were determined and the consequence of failure was calculated by weight sum method. In addition, the probability of failure was calculated by dividing the service life by the estimated useful life, and the consequence of failure and the probability of failure were classified into five grades by the Jenks natural breaks classification method. The prioritization method was applied to sub-catchment in the Seoul to derive a risk matrix and a risk grade. As a result, 26% of all subjects were selected as the inspection priority subjects with 4-5 risk grade. Therefore, using the risk-based CCTV prioritization methodology, it will be possible to systematically determine the objects that need investigation first.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.870-875
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• 2013

After introducing diagnosis equipment power failure prevention activities for distribution system have become more active. To do facility diagnosis and maintenance work more efficiently we need to evaluate reliability for the system and should determine the priority line with appropriate criteria. Thus, to calculate risk factor for the power distribution line that are composed of many component facilities its historical failure events for the last 5 years are collected and analysed. The failure statics show that more than 60% of various failures are related to environment factors randomly and about 20% of the failures are refer to the aging. As a strategic evaluation system reflecting these environmental influence is needed, a system on the basis of the probabilistic approach related statical variables in terms of failure rate and failure probability of electrical components is proposed. The figures for the evaluation are derived from the field failure DB. With adopting Bayesian rule we can calculate easily about conditional probability query. The proposed evaluation system is demonstrated with model system and the calculated indices representing the properties of the model line are discussed.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2014

A test on the significance of style factors which were revealed to be significant in U.S. and U.K. literature is conducted in this study using appraisal-based returns of offices in Korea. Region, size (appraisal value), value-growth propensity (yield gain gap) and leasing conditions (the number of tenants, the length of average leased period and the proportion of key tenant) are included in the analysis model as style factors. The empirical result suggests that firstly core region and large size are significant but they increase risk as well as return contrary to general belief, secondly value propensity significantly decreases risk as well as return as it does in U.S. and U.K., finally the number of tenants among leasing conditions decreases risk as well as return but the length of average leased period and the proportion of key tenant are not significant.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.13-19
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• 2018

Following the 2016 Gyeongju earthquake, the Pohang Earthquake occurred in 2017, and the south-east region in Korea is under the threat of an earthquake. Especially, in the Pohang Earthquake, the liquefaction phenomenon occurred in the sedimentation area of the coast, and preparation of countermeasures is very important. The soil liquefaction can affect the underground facilities directly as well as various structures on the ground. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the liquefaction risk of facilities and the structures against the possible earthquakes and to prepare countermeasures to minimize them. In this study, we investigated the seismic liquefaction risk about the electric power utility tunnels in the southeast area where the earthquake occurred in Korea recently. In the analysis of seismic liquefaction risk, the earthquake with return period 1000 years and liquefaction potential index are used. The liquefaction risk analysis was conducted in two stages. In the first stage, the liquefaction risk was analyzed by calculating the liquefaction potential index using the ground survey data of the location of electric power utility tunnels in the southeast region. At that time, the seismic amplification in soil layer was considered by soil amplification factor according to the soil classification. In the second stage, the liquefaction risk analysis based on the site response analyses inputted 3 earthquake records were performed for the locations determined to be dangerous from the first step analysis, and the final liquefaction potential index was recalculated. In the analysis, the site investigation data were used from the National Geotechnical Information DB Center. Finally, it can be found that the proposed two stage assessments for liquefaction risk that the macro assessment of liquefaction risk for the underground facilities including the electric power utility tunnel in Korea is carried out at the first stage, and the second risk assessment is performed again with site response analysis for the dangerous regions of the first stage assessment is reasonable and effective.