• Title/Summary/Keyword: Risk Assessments

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Derivation of Cause Variables necessary for Electrostatic Fire/Explosion Risk Assessment and Accident Investigation (정전기 화재·폭발 위험성평가 및 사고조사에 필요한 발생원인 변수 도출)

  • Junghwan Byeon;Hyeongon Park
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.9-21
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    • 2024
  • Static-electricity-induced fires and explosions persistently occur every year, averaging approximately 80 and 20 cases annually according to fire statistics provided by the National Fire Agency and industrial accident statistics provided by the Ministry of Employment and Labor, respectively. Despite the relatively low probabilities of these accidents, their potential risks are high. Consequently, effective risk assessment methodologies and accident investigation strategies are essential for efficiently managing static-electricity hazards in fire- and explosion-prone areas. Accordingly, this study aimed to identify the causal variables essential for accident investigations, thereby facilitating risk assessments and the implementation of effective recurrence prevention measures to mitigate static-electricity hazards in fire-and explosion-prone regions. To this end, industrial accident statistics recorded over the past decade (2012 to 2021) by the Ministry of Employment and Labor were analyzed to identify major fire and explosion incidents and related industrial accidents wherein static electricity was identified as a potential ignition source. Subsequently, relevant investigation reports (63 cases) were thoroughly analyzed. Based on the results of this analysis, existing electrostatic fire and explosion risk assessment techniques were refined and augmented. Moreover, factors essential for investigating electrostatic fire and explosion disasters were delineated, and the primary causal variables necessary for effective risk assessments and scientific investigations were derived.

An Application Study of Accident Analysis Method Based on Epidemiological Model to Improve Occupational Safety and Health Management System (사업장 안전보건관리체계 향상을 위한 역학모형 기반의 사고분석기법 활용 방안 연구)

  • Kyunghwan Kim;Kihyo Jung
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2023
  • The Severe Disaster Punishment Act had recently been established in order to promote safety and health (OSH) management system for severe accident prevention. OSH management system is primarily designed based on risk assessments; however, companies in industries have been experiencing difficulties in hazard identification and selecting proper measures for risk assessments and accident prevention. This study intended to introduce an accident analysis method based on epidemiological model in finding hazard and preventive measures. The accident analysis method employed in this study was proposed by the U.S. Department of Energy. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the accident analysis method, this study applied it to two accident cases occurred in construction and manufacturing industries. The application process and results of this study can be utilized in improving OSH management system and preventing severe accidents.

Exposure and Risk Assessment of Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone for Sub-population Groups using Monte-Carlo Simulations (Monte-Carlo 모의실험을 통한 부분 인구집단별 이산화질소와 오존의 노출 및 위해성 평가)

  • Park, Jinhyeon;Ryu, Hyeonsu;Yang, So Young;Park, Yunkyung;Heo, Jung;Kim, Eunchae;Choe, Youngtae;Cho, Mansu;Yang, Wonho
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.113-125
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    • 2019
  • Objectives: Although the risk assessments for nitrogen dioxide ($NO_2$) and ozone ($O_3$) have been extensively studied, most of the existing risk assessments were limited mainly to indoor environments such as workplaces, schools, and multi-use facilities. Therefore, integrated risk assessment is needed to consider exposure in all microenvironments, including outdoors. The purpose of this study was to assess the differences in risk among sub-population groups according to time-activity patterns and reported concentrations, as well as the lifetime risk of Koreans. Methods: In this study, we estimated time-weighted average exposure concentrations of $NO_2$ and $O_3$ for preschool children, students, housewives, workers, and seniors using residential time and indoor concentrations (house, school or workplace, other), outdoors, and transport by meta-analysis method. The risk for $NO_2$ and $O_3$ were assessed by hazard quotient using reference concentrations 30 and 60 ppb, respectively. The risk assessments were conducted through 1,000,000 Monte-Carlo simulations for probabilistic analysis. Results: Preschool children, students, housewives, workers, and seniors spent 91.9, 86.0, 79.8, 82.2, and 77.3% of their day in a house, school, or workplace, respectively. The risk assessment for the lifetime of a housewife and a worker showed that 33.8 and 28.4% of hazard quotients of $NO_2$ exceed 1, respectively, and more than 99% of hazard quotient of $O_3$ were less than 1. Conclusions: The risk of $NO_2$ and $O_3$ by sub-population group and for the lifetime of housewives and workers were assessed. The risk for $NO_2$ was higher than for $O_3$ and showed a different risk by sub-population group. Both $NO_2$ and $O_3$ showed a higher risk for housewives than for workers. This study can be used as a basis for lifetime exposure and risk assessment for $NO_2$ and $O_3$.

A Study on Categorizing Ecosystem Groups for Climate Change Risk Assessment - Focused on Applicability of Land Cover Classification - (기후변화 리스크 평가를 위한 생태계 유형분류 방안 검토 - 국내 토지피복분류 적용성을 중심으로 -)

  • Yeo, Inae;Bae, Haejin;Hong, Seungbum
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.385-403
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    • 2017
  • This study showed the national ecosystem classification for the spatial standards of ecosystems-based approaches to the risk assessments and adaptation plan. The characteristics of climate change risk assessment, implement national adaptation plans, and ecosystem/habitat classification status was evaluated. Focusing on the land cover classification widely utilized as spatial data for the assessments of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the UK and other countries in Europe, the applicability of the national land cover classification for climate change risk assessments was reviewed. Considering the ecosystem classification for climate change risk assessment and establishing adaptation measures, it is difficult to apply rough classification method to the land cover system because of lack of information on habitat trend by categorization. The results indicated that forest ecosystems and agro-ecosystem occupied 62.3% and 25.0% of land cover, respectively, of the entire country. Although the area is small compared with the land area, wetland ecosystem (2.9%), marine ecosystem (0.4%), coastal ecosystem (0.6%), and urban ecosystem (6.1%) can be included in the risk assessments. Therefore, it is necessary to subdivide below the medium classification for the forest and agricultural land, as well as Inland wetland, which has a higher proportion of habitat preference of taxa than land area, marine/coastal habitat, and transition areas such as urban and natural ecosystem.

A Study on the Risk Assessment Methodology and Application for International Plants Construction (해외 플랜트 공사 리스크 평가 방안 및 적용에 관한 연구)

  • An, Sung-Hoon;Lee, Young-Nam;Jo, Ho-Kyoo
    • Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.134-142
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    • 2008
  • Recently, international plants construction markets are expending. Specially, oil/gas plants constructions in Middle-East are booming. However, international plants construction projects are high risky. So a risk assessments and managements methodology for international plants construction is needed. In this study, the risk assessment methodology for international plants construction is proposed on the basis of the literature review in the international construction risk assessment methods and the knowledge of experts explored by interview. In addition, case study in Middle East was applied for reviewing these risk assessments and managements methodology for international plants construction.

A Study on the Risk Assessment for Works on/near Operating Line (열차운행선 지장공사에 대한 위험도 평가 연구)

  • Jung, Do-Hyun;Wang, Jong-Bae;Lee, Su-Ryong
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2008.11b
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    • pp.1515-1524
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    • 2008
  • In this study, railway accidents from constructing or maintaining works on/near operating line were reviewed during 2005-2007 years. Causes and hazards analysis of these accidents was performed to make an accident scenario for risk assessments. And the risk of worker casualty on/near operating line was quantitatively assessed. Also a constitution method of Risk Matrix for manage tolerable risk level was proposed.

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Comparison of healing assessments of periapical endodontic surgery using conventional radiography and cone-beam computed tomography: A systematic review

  • Sharma, Garima;Abraham, Dax;Gupta, Alpa;Aggarwal, Vivek;Mehta, Namrata;Jala, Sucheta;Chauhan, Parul;Singh, Arundeep
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This systematic review aimed to compare assessments of the healing of periapical endodontic surgery using conventional radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: This review of clinical studies was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. All articles published from 1990 to March 2020 pertaining to clinical and radiographic healing assessments after endodontic surgery using conventional radiography and CBCT were included. The question was "healing assessment of endodontic surgery using cone-beam computed tomography." The review was conducted by manual searching, as well as undertaking a review of electronic literature databases, including PubMed and Scopus. The studies included compared radiographic and CBCT assessments of periapical healing after periapical endodontic surgery. Results: The initial search retrieved 372 articles. The titles and abstracts of these articles were read, leading to the selection of 73 articles for full-text analysis. After the eligibility criteria were applied, 11 articles were selected for data extraction and qualitative analysis. The majority of studies found that CBCT enabled better assessments of healing than conventional radiography, suggesting higher efficacy of CBCT for correct diagnosis and treatment planning. A risk of bias assessment was done for 10 studies, which fell into the low to moderate risk categories. Conclusion: Three-dimensional radiography provides an overall better assessment of healing, which is imperative for correct diagnosis and treatment planning.