• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.673-679
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 CRLH 전송 선로를 이용한 공진 기법의 전력 결합 기술을 제안하였다. 사용된 공진 기법의 회로는 증폭기의 정합과 전력 결합 역할을 하는 병렬 캐패시턴스 그리고 증폭기들의 전력 결합을 위한 전송 선로로 구성되어 있고, 여기에 사용된 전송 선로는 CRLH(Composite Right/Lefi-Handed) 전송 선로로 구현함으로써 회로의 크기를 감소시켰다. 이 기술의 유용성을 확인하기 위해서 제안한 전력 결합 기술을 이용한 2단 증폭기를 구현 및 측정한 결과, 단일 증폭기와 이득은 동일하고, 출력 전력은 2.2 dB 증가하였으며, 기존의 RH 전송 선로를 이용한 전력 결합 증폭기보다 면적이 78.3 % 감소하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권12호
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• pp.2462-2467
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• 2009

This paper proposes a dual band branch line coupler (BLC) using a composite right/left handed (CRLH) transmission line. The existing dual band BLCs with open stubs require hundreds of line impedance for the open stub as the frequency bands approach to each other, so it has been almost impossible to realize them. However in the proposed BLC, a CRLH transmission line replaces the open stub with an extremely high line impedance so that the BLC circuit may be realized even two frequencies are close to each other. As an example, a dual band BLC operating at 1800MHz and 2300MHz (the frequency ratio is 1:1.28) is designed and measured. Open stubs with $560\Omega$ line impedance are replaced by CRLH transmission lines for realizing the dual band BLC. The measured performances prove that the dual band operation is well acceptable and the proposed design method is successful even the ratio between two frequencies is not around two nor more.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.227-233
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• 2012

본 논문은 LTCC를 이용하여 구현된 GPS와 WLAN용 대역통과 필터 설계방법을 제안한 것이다. 여기서 구현한 여파기는 버터워스 저역통과 여파기와 CRLH(Composite Right/Left-Handed) 전송선로의 고역통과 특성을 결합한 대역 통과 여파기를 설계하였다. 이렇게 설계된 여파기는 유전율 7.2의 그린쉬트를 이용한 LTCC 공정을 사용하여 1.5 GHz의 GPS와 2.4 GHz의 WLAN 대역의 대역통과 여파기를 제작하였다. 제작된 여파기의 삽입손실 결과는 1.5 GHz GPS대역에서 1.66 dB 또, 2.4 GHz WLAN 대역에서는 3.20 dB를 만족하는 대역통과 특성을 얻었다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine the kinematic characteristics of the ankle joint and RPM(repetition per minutes) during the supra maximal training in cycling. For this study, 8 national representative cyclists, distance cyclists in track and road, were selected. During the super-maximum pedalling, kinematic data were collected using a six-camera(240Hz) Qualisys system. the room coordinate system was right-handed and fixed in the back of a roller for cycle, with right-handed orthogonal segment coordinate systems defined for the leg and foot. Lateral kinematic data were recorded at least for 3 minutes while the participants pedal on a roller. Two-dimensional Cartesian coordinates for each marker were determined at the time of recording using a nonlinear transformation technique. Coordinate data were low-pass filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth recursive filter with cutoff frequency of 15Hz. Variables analyzed in this study were compared using a one factor(time) ANOVA with repeated measures. The results of investigation suggest that the number of rotating pedal was decreased with time phase during the super-maximum pedaling. Maximum angle of the ankle joint showed little in change with time phase compared with minimum angle of that.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.506-510
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• 2016

A triple-band (TB) oscillator was implemented in the TSMC $0.18{\mu}m$ 1P6M CMOS process, and it uses a cross-coupled nMOS pair and two shunt $4^{th}$ order LC resonators to form a $6^{th}$ order resonator with three resonant frequencies. The oscillator uses the varactors for band switching and frequency tuning. The core current and power consumption of the high (middle, low)- band core oscillator are 3.59(3.42, 3.4) mA and 2.4(2.29, 2.28) mW, respectively at the dc drain-source bias of 0.67V. The oscillator can generate differential signals in the frequency range of 8.04-8.68 GHz, 5.82-6.15 GHz, and 3.68-4.08 GHz. The die area of the triple-band oscillator is $0.835{\times}1.103mm^2$.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제44권12호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 기존의 Right/left-handed 전송선(RLH-TL)에 집중 직렬 캐패시터와 병렬 인덕터 구현으로 발생하는 방사 효과를 포함하여 단위 셀을 모델링한다. 방사 효과가 고려된 RLH-TL 단위셀의 등가 회로를 제공하고 갭 커패시터와 션트 인터터에서의 방사율에 따른 Bloch 임피던스와 복소 전파상수를 해석한다. 두 개의 방사율이 같을 때 RLH-TL의 Block 임피던스는 RH-TL의 특성임피던스와 같아짐을 보인다. 게다가, 주어진 주파수에서 특정한 위상 변화를 위한 단위 셀의 설계 공식을 유도하여 제공한다. 마지막으로, 안테나 응용을 위해 RLH-TL에서 다양한 방법으로 방사효과를 control할 수 있는 설계 공식을 제공한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2013

A novel balun being the structure of a Wilkinson power divider is suggested and fabricated. One of the power dividing paths in the suggested balun uses a conventional ${\lambda}/4$ transmission line for $-90^{\circ}$ phase shifting, and the other path uses a composite right/left-handed -${\lambda}/4$ transmission line for $+90^{\circ}$ phase shifting with four series capacitors and three parallel inductors. In addition, the suggested balun uses two $50-{\Omega}$ resistors and a conventional $50-{\Omega}$ transmission line of ${\lambda}/2$ electrical length between the two output ports, achieving good isolation and reflection values of two balanced ports. The suggested balun is simulated by the advanced design system simulation program and fabricated on TLX-9 20-mil substrate. The fabricated balun has a very good values of $S_{11}$ = -27.46 dB, $S_{21}$ = -3.40 dB, and $S_{31}$ = -3.28 dB, a phase difference of $-179.5^{\circ}$, a magnitude difference of 0.12 dB, and a delay difference of 0.1 ns, with $S_{22}$ = -36.28 dB, $S_{33}$ = -27.19 dB, and $S_{32}$ = -25.2 dB at 1 GHz, respectively.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is Muscle Activity for the Upper Extremity and Morto-Seoinage(Two-handed shoulder throw) according to performance levels and elite judo players (G1) and non-elite judo players, namely university players (G2). To achieve this purpose, three players in G1 whose main special skill was Morote-Seoinage and three university judo players(G2) were selected as comparative group. After analysing this study, conclusions were derived as follows. 1. Muscle activity of musculi membri superious to group of Kuzushi to Tsukuri was the highest in left biceps brachii and right biceps brachii in order. On the other hand, G2 was the highest in left biceps brachii and left flexer carpi randialis in order. 2. Intergral electromyogram of according to the phase showed right triceps 1P of left flexer carpi radialis. G1 and G2 of showed left biceps brachii was the highest in 1P and 2P. As a result, extra training of left flexer carpi radialis and left biceps brachii is needed.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.453-457
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• 2020

The right-handed double-helical structure of DNA (B-DNA), which follows the Watson-Crick model, is the canonical form of DNA existing in normal physiological settings. Even though an alternative left-handed structure of DNA (Z-DNA) was discovered in the late 1970s, Z-form nucleic acid has not received much attention from biologists, because it is extremely unstable under physiological conditions, has an ill-defined mechanism of its formation, and has obscure biological functions. The debate about the physiological relevance of Z-DNA was settled only after a class of proteins was found to potentially recognize the Z-form architecture of DNA. Interestingly, these Z-DNA binding proteins can bind not only the left-handed form of DNA but also the equivalent structure of RNA (Z-RNA). The Z-DNA/RNA binding proteins present from viruses to humans function as important regulators of biological processes. In particular, the proteins ADAR1 and ZBP1 are currently being extensively re-evaluated in the field to understand potential roles of the noncanonical Z-conformation of nucleic acids in host immune responses and human disease. Despite a growing body of evidence supporting the biological importance of Z-DNA/RNA, there remain many unanswered principal questions, such as when Z-form nucleic acids arise and how they signal to downstream pathways. Understanding Z-DNA/RNA and the sensors in different pathophysiological conditions will widen our view on the regulation of immune responses and open a new door of opportunity to develop novel types of immunomodulatory therapeutic possibilities.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2000

A crystallographic unit cell can be transformed into another one by a 3×3 transformantion matrix. If the determinant of the transformation matrix has a negative value, the newly transformed unit cell becomes a left-handed cell. The best way of transforming the left-handed cell to the right-handed one is to multiply each element of the transformation matrix by-1, and its corresponding transformation matrix must be applied tot he atomic coordinates of a noncentrosymmetric crystal so as to maintain the absolute configuration unchanged. The behaviour of absolute configuration caused by transforming the crystallographic unit cell was examined theoretically and experimentally on the compound (S)-(+)-4-phenyl-1-[4-aminobenzoyl) indoline-5-sulfonyl]-4,5-dihydro-2-imidazolone hydrochloride.