• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1975

1974년도 IRRI(국제미작연구소)에서 새로 입수된 48개 종품 및 게통을 공시하여 한국산 끝동매미충에 대한 저항성품종 및 게통을 선발하고 나아가 몇가지 저항성기작을 검토하기 위해 본 시험을 실하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 끝동매미충에 대한 유묘검정에서 48개 품종 또는 계통중 저항성반응(R)을 보인 것은 Balamawee, IR-26, IR-1529-525-2-2, IR-1539-1042-6, IR2061-214-2-3-5, IR2061-214-2-3-6, Jhingasail, Murungakayan 및 Vunam등 9개 품종 또는 계통이었고 중도저항성반응(MR)을 보인 것들로서는 Chianung-Shen-Yu-11, C62-1-230, C62-1-373, Dikwee, D204-1, Murungakayan-3, Palasithari-601, Peta-2802, RP6-516-34-1-8(TKM $6\times IR8$), RP6-590-10-1-11(TKM6$\times$IR8), RP9-4(IR8$\times$W1251)등 11개 품종 또는 계통이었다. 2. 저항성 및 중도저항성반응을 보인 것들을 공시하여 약충접종에 의한 저충성검정시험결과 저항성반응을 보인 것은 모두 $100\%$의 사충율을 보였으나 몇몇 품종 또는 계통에서 사충율이 좀 저하하였고 저조한 우화율을 나타내었다. 저항성반응을 보인 벼에서 2영기 약충이 살아 남을 수 있는 일수는 3-10일에 불과하였다. 즉, 유묘의 반응에서 저항성으로 나타난 벼들은 고도의 저충성이 있음을 보였다. 3. 저항성반응을 품종 또는 계통간에 차이가 없었을뿐더러 유묘의 저항성반응과도 아무런 상관이 없었다. 5. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 끝동매미충에 대한 벼의 저항성기작은 저항성 뼈는 고도의 항충성(Antibiosis)을 지니고 낮은 식이선호성(Non-feeding preference)을 나타내지만 감수성 벼는 반대로 항충성을 지니고 있지 않은데다가 높은 식이선호성을 나타내는데 있다고 보아진다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the feeding efficiency of the cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) and the intermediate egret (Ardea intermedia) in relation to the stage of rice culture during two breeding seasons, 2006 and 2007, in Asan city, Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea. Cattle egrets caught mainly small invertebrate prey (insects and spiders, 98.4%) during all stages of rice cultivation, and had a higher prey capture rate in the plowing stage (14.98 prey/min) than in other stages (2.82-3.51 prey/min). Therefore, the biomass intake rate of cattle egrets was highest in the plowing stage. The intermediate egret captured both loaches (43.4%) and small invertebrates (50.6%). The prey capture rates of intermediate egrets increased gradually from the flooding stage (0.38 prey/min) to the planting stage (1.09 prey/min), and decreased in the growing stage (1.04 prey/min). However, intermediate egrets had the highest biomass intake rates in the plowing stage because more loaches were caught in the plowing stage (0.54 loaches/min) than other stages (0.23-0.36 loaches/min). Consequently, both intermediate egrets and cattle egrets had high energy intakes in the plowing stage and rice fields provided an important feeding habitat for both species.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.993-1003
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• 2021

It is known that the effect of traditional agricultural techniques of burning farmland such as paddy fields and fields gradually declines and affects both the fauna and flora of the rice paddy as well as pests. Therefore, in this study, a study was conducted to investigate the effects of burning rice paddy fields and rice paddy fields levee on the control effect of winter pests inhabiting agricultural land and the amount of pests generated and damaged during the growing season. As a result of this study, the pest control effect of incineration reduces not only the density of pests, but also beneficial insects (natural enemies) and non-reptiles. It is judged that burning has a very low insect control effect. It is expected to be used as basic data to create a sustainable agricultural environment, such as minimizing various negative effects such as pest control effects, wildfires, and air pollution caused by incineration, and suppressing unnecessary incineration and fine dust generation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.66-76
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• 1987

벼씨를 고려인삼차(영수삼차, 고려인삼제품(주)제품) 수용액(100배 희석)으로 28시간 불린 다음 파종하면 벼의 초기발육에 좋고 특히 파종직후 인삼차수용액(30배 희석)로 철포(10l/a)하면 그 효과가 더욱 좋았으며 병충해에 대한 내성이 증가하였다. 수확면으로 보면 무처리군에 비하며 벼씨만 인삼차수용액으로 처리한 것이 9.4% 증산, 인삼차수용액으로 처리한 것이 9.4% 증산, 인삼차수용액으로 처리한 벼씨를 파종한 직후 다시 진한 인삼차수용액을 철포한 것이 17.7% 증산의 성적을 보였다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.108.2-109
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• 2003

The Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services has developed a web-site (www.epilove.com) in collaboration with EPINET to provide information on agricultural weather and rice disease and insect pest management in Gyeonggi-do. Weather information includes near real-time weather data monitored by automated weather stations (AWS) installed at rice paddy fields of 11 Agricultural Technology Centers (ATC) in Gyeonggi-do, and weekly weather forecast by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). Map images of hourly air temperature and rainfall are also generated at 309m x 309m resolution using hourly data obtained from AWS installed at 191 locations by KMA. Based on near real-time weather data from 11 ATC, hourly infection risks of rice blast, sheath blight, and bacterial grain rot for individual districts are estimated by disease forecasting models, BLAST, SHBLIGHT, and GRAINROT. Users can diagnose various diseases and insects of rice and find their information in detail by browsing thumbnail images of them. A database on agrochemicals is linked to the system for disease and insect diagnosis to help users search for appropriate agrochemicals to control diseases and insect pests.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2019

Insect-resistant transgenic (Bt-9) rice was generated by inserting mCry1Ac1, a modified gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, into the genome of a conventional variety of rice (Ilmi). With regard to potential problems such as safety, an evaluation of non-target organisms is necessary as an essential element of an environmental risk assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops. We studied the effects of the Bt-9 rice on the survival of cantor Daphnia magna, a commonly used model organism in ecotoxicological studies. D. magna fed on the Bt-transgenic rice (Bt-9) and its near non-GM counterparts (Ilmi) grown in the same environment (a 100% ground rice suspension). The Bt-9 rice was confirmed to have the inserted T-DNA and protein expression evident by the PCR and ELISA analyses. The feeding study showed a similar cumulative immobility and abnormal response of the Daphnia magna between the Bt-9 rice and Ilmi. Additionally, the 48 h-EC50 values of the Bt-9 and Ilmi rice were 4,400 mg/L (95% confidence limits: 3861.01 - 5015.01 mg/L) and 5,564 mg/L (95% confidence limits: 4780.03 - 6476.93 mg/L), respectively. The rice NOEC (No observed effect concentration) value for D. magna was suggested to be 1,620 mg/L. We conclude that the tested Bt-9 and Ilmi have a similar cumulative immobility for D. magna, a widely used model organism, and the growth of Bt-9 did not affect non-target insects.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.134-134
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• 2017

Recently, host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) system has been successfully applied into development of resistant crops against insects, fungal and viral pathogens. To test HIGS-mediated resistance in rice against rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, we first tested possibility of movement of small non-coding RNA from rice cells to rice blast fungus. The rice blast fungus expressing GFP transgene were inoculated to transgenic rice plants ectopically expressing dsRNAi construct targeting fungal GFP gene. Expression of dsRNAi construct for GFP gene in transgenic plants significantly suppressed GFP expression in infected fungal cells indicating that small RNAs generated in plant cells can move into infected fungal cells and efficiently suppress the expression of fungal GFP gene. Consistent with these results, expression of dsRNAi constructs against 3 fungal pathogenic genes of M. oryzae in transgenic rice specifically and efficiently suppressed not only the expression of fungal pathogenic genes, but also fungal infection. The conidia of M. oryzae applied on leaf sheath of transgenic rice expressing dsRNAs against 3 fungal pathogenic genes showed abnormal development of primary hyphae and malfunction of appressorium, which is consistent with the phenotypes of corresponding fungal knock-out mutants. Taken these results together, here, we suggest a novel strategy for development of antifungal crops by means of HIGS system.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.272-286
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• 2019

Developing elite hybrid rice varieties is one important objective of rice breeding programs. Several genes related to male sterilities, restores, and pollinators have been identified through map-based gene cloning within natural variations of rice. These identified genes are good targets for introducing genetic traits in molecular breeding. This study was conducted to breed elite hybrid lines with major genes related to hybrid traits and disease/insect resistance in 240 genetic resources and F₁ hybrid combinations of rice. Molecular markers were reset for three major hybrid genes (S5, Rf3, Rf4) and thirteen disease/insect resistant genes (rice bacterial blight resistance genes Xa3, Xa4, xa5, Xa7, xa13, Xa21; blast resistance genes Pita, Pib, Pi5, Pii; brown planthopper resistant genes Bph18(t) and tungro virus resistance gene tsv1). Genotypes were then analyzed using molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS). Biological assay was then performed at the Red River Delta region in Vietnam using eleven F₁ hybrid combinations and two control vatieties. Results showed that nine F₁ hybrid combinations were highly resistant to rice bacterial blight and blast. Finally, eight F₁ hybrid rice varieties with resistance to disease/insect were selected from eleven F₁ hybrid combinations. Their characteristics such as agricultural traits and yields were then investigated. These F₁ hybrid rice varieties developed with major genes related to hybrid traits and disease/insect resistant genes could be useful for hybrid breeding programs to achieve high yield with biotic and abiotic resistance.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.313-331
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• 2011

본 연구는 람사르협약에서 제창하는 습지의 중요성을 인식하고, 주요 논습지인 상주 공검지를 대상으로 공검지의 생태자원과 농경문화를 체계화하여 통합적인 논습지 생태관광의 거점으로 활성화시키기 위한 장소성 확보와 그 방안을 찾는데 연구의 초점을 맞추었다 공검지는 역사적으로 가장 오래된 3대 인공 저수지 중의 하나로서 풍부한 농경문화를 보존하고 있으며, 전국 최초의 논습지생태관 조성을 통한 논습지 생태관광의 거점화가 가능하다. 특히 낙동강과 백두대간의 최접경지로서의 지리적 이점을 활용하여 생태관광자원을 네트워킹하고, 고령가야국의 역사체험을 위한 역사여행, 자전거를 활용한 레포츠관광, 민요마을의 전통 민요 체험 등 주변 관광자원 연계를 통해 더욱 활성화 될 수 있다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2013

Extractives of garlic (Allium scorodorpasum) and green pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were used to prevent and exterminate rice weevils which contaminate stored rice. The extractives exhibited great efficacy against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum by annihilating all the weevils contained in a bottle. Furthermore, kraft paper coated by 5% extractives also displayed good effectiveness against the rice weevils. When rice weevils were stored with rice in a sack made of extractives-coated kraft paper, the number of living insects was sharply decreased according to elapsed time. In particular, 1,4-benzoquinone, which is very harmful to human, was detected from rice contaminated by Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum through the analysis of GC/MS.