• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.3-7
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• 2009

In this study, two and three dimensional low Reynolds number flows are compared. For the two dimensional flow, an airfoil was considered and for the three dimensional low wing and full-body aircraft were considered. Because a flight condition of the aircraft is in a low Reynolds number flow, itl requires reflecting flow transition. In the two dimensional analysis, transition is predicted using en method. In the three dimensional flow, the effect of transition is included using k-w SST turbulence models.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.109-114
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to experimentally research the effects of polymer additives on turbulent transition of Couette flow between concentric cylinders when outer one is rotating and inner one is at rest; the diameter ratio being 0.2. Aqueous polymer solution generate the degradation phenomena in machine forming work, but this is not effected in about 10 minute at 5ppm. aqueous polymer solution testing. The Reynolds number, referred to the gap distance and rotation velocity of the outer cylinder, of turbulent transition is about 20000 for water flow. In the laminer region, the torque value is as same as theoretical one in the region of low Reynolds number, but becomes high with an increase in the Reynolds number. The polymer additives reduce the Reynolds number for turbulent transtition. In the turbulent region, the torque is remarkably reduced by the polymer additives, soluble polymer take down effect of turbulent transition boundary torque.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.156-163
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• 2001

The experiment is conducted on the rapidly rotating incompressible flow within a confined cylinder using LDV(Laser Doppler Velocimetry). The configurations of interest are the flows between a rotating upper disk with a bar and a stationary lower disk enclosed within a cylinder. The flow is considered to be an axisymmetric undisturbed basic flow. The results show that the flow is strongly dependent on the radius and the shape of bar but is negligibly affected by the Reynolds number in turbulent flow. It is observed that in the lid-driven case the main forms near the wall as the Reynolds number increases. The thin bar causes the second axial flow due to the suction effect and the thick bar causes the main flow to be pulled toward the surface of the bar. The step bar shows the dual effect of the two. 1:2 tilt bar shows that the main flow distributes wider than the other cases in which interference occurs due step bar.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.879-887
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• 2003

The flow in a parallel walled test channel, when obstructed with a geometry at the entrance, can be forward, reverse and stagnant depending on the position of the obstruction. This interesting flow phenomenon has potential benefit in the control of energy and various flows in the process industry In this experiment, the flat plate obstruction geometry was used as an obstruction at the entry of the test channel. The parameters that influence the flow inside and around the test channel were the gap (g) between the test channel and the obstruction geometry, the length (L) of the test channel and the Reynolds number (Re). The effect of the gap to channel width ratio (g/w) on the magnitude of the velocity ratio (V$\_$i/ / V$\_$o/ : velocity inside/ velocity outside the test channel) was investigated for a range of Reynolds numbers. The maximum reverse flow observed was nearly 20% to 60% of the outside velocity for Reynolds number ranging from 1000 to 9000 at g/w ratio of 1.5. The maximum forward velocity inside the test channel was found 80% of the outside velocity at higher g/w ratio of 8. The effect of the test channel length on the velocity ratio was investigated for different g/w ratios and a fixed Reynolds number of 4000. The influence of the Reynolds number on the velocity ratio is also discussed and presented for different gap to width ratio (g/w). The flow visualisation photographs showing fluid motion inside and around the test channel are also presented and discussed.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.59-67
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• 2012

Large Eddy Simulation(LES) of turbulent mass transfer in fully developed turbulent pipe flow has been performed to study the effect of Reynolds number on the concentration fields at $Re_{\tau}=180$, 395, 590 based on friction velocity and pipe radius. Dynamic subgrid-scale models for the turbulent subgrid-scale stresses and mass fluxes were employed to close the governing equations. Fully developed turbulent pipe flows with constant mass flux imposed at the wall are studied for Sc=0.71. The mean concentration profiles and turbulent intensities obtained from the present LES are in good agreement with the previous numerical and experimental results currently available. The effects of Reynolds number on the turbulent mass transfer are identified in the higher-order statistics(Skewness and Flatness factor) and instantaneous concentration fields. The budgets of turbulent mass fluxes and concentration variance were computed and analyzed to elucidate the effect of Reynolds number on turbulent mass transfer. Furthermore, to understand the correlation between near-wall turbulence structure and concentration fluctuation, we present an octant analysis in the vicinity of the pipe wall.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.888-895
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• 2006

The present study has been conducted to investigate the effects of Reynolds number on heat/mass transfer and pressure drop characteristics in a rotating smooth two-pass duct. For stationary cases, the heat/mass transfer and pressure drop Is decreased on turning region of both leading and trailing surfaces as Reynolds number increases. For rotating cases, increment of Reynolds number affects differently the heat/mass transfer and pressure drop on the leading and trailing surfaces. In the first pass, for example, the heat/mass transfer on the leading surface is greatly increased, though the heat/mass transfer on the trailing surface is almost the same. The reason is that effect of the main flow is more dominant than effect of secondary flow. In particular, it gave decrement of the heat/mass transfer and the pressure drop at turning region and upstream region of second pass for both non-rotating and rotating cases.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.573-594
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• 2016

Simultaneous pressure measurements on 2D square prisms with various corner modifications were performed in uniform flow with low turbulence level, and the testing Reynolds numbers varied from $1.0{\times}10^5$ to $4.8{\times}10^5$. Experimental models were a square prism, three chamfered-corner square prisms (B/D=5%, 10%, and 15%, where B is the chamfered corner dimension and D is the cross-sectional dimension), and six rounded-corner square prisms (R/D =5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, where R is the corner radius). Experimental results of drag coefficients, wind pressure distributions, power spectra of aerodynamic force coefficients, and Strouhal numbers are presented. Ten models are divided into various categories according to the variations of mean drag coefficients with Reynolds number. The mean drag coefficients of models with $B/D{\leq}15%$ and $R/D{\leq}15%$ are unaffected by the Reynolds number. On the contrary, the mean drag coefficients of models with R/D=20%, 30%, and 40% are obviously dependent on Reynolds number. Wind pressure distributions around each model are analyzed according to the categorized results.The influence mechanisms of corner modifications on the aerodynamic characteristics of the square prism are revealed from the perspective of flow around the model, which can be obtained by analyzing the local pressures acting on the model surface.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.62-66
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• 2009

The control of particle concentration distribution in a pipe with an orifice and a sheath air is numerically investigated. When using Eulerian approach, there is no great change in the concentration distribution by the shape of orifice and molecular diffusivity. As the Reynolds number becomes small, the effect of orifice on the concentration distribution is decreased. For small Reynolds number, the concentration distribution can be effectively controlled by using a sheath air. The effect of the sheath air on the concentration distribution is increased, as the Reynolds number becomes small.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.967-987
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• 2020

A numerical analysis is carried out for the marine propellers in open water conditions to investigate the effect of the wall treatments in model and full scale. The standard wall function to apply the low of the wall and the two layer zonal model to calculate the whole boundary layer for a transition phenomenon are used with one turbulence model. To determine an appropriate distance of the first grid point from the wall when using the wall function, a formula based on Reynolds number is suggested, which can estimate the maximum y+ satisfying the logarithmic law. In the model scale, it is confirmed that a transition calculation is required for a model scale propeller with low Reynolds number that the transient region appears widely. While in the full scale, the wall function calculation is recommended for efficient calculations due to the turbulence dominant flow for large Reynolds number.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2002

The effects of Reynolds number on the non-nulling calibrations of a cone-type ave-type probe in low-speed flows have been investigated at Reynolds numbers of 2.04$\times$10$^3$, 4.09$\times$10$^3$and 6.13$\times$10$^3$. The calibration is conducted at the pitch and yaw angles in ranges between -35 degrees and 35 degrees with an angle interval of 5 degrees. In addition to the calibration coefficients, reduced pitch and yaw angles, static and total pressures, and velocity magnitude are obtained through a typical non-nulling reduction procedure. The result shows that each calibration coefficient, in general, is a function of both the pitch and yaw angles, so that the pre-existing calibration data in a nulling mode are not enough in accounting far the full non-nulling calibration characteristics. Due to interference of the probe stem, the calibration coefficient are more sensitive to Reynolds number at positive pitch angles than at negative ones. The calibration data reduced in this study may serve as a guide line in the estimation of uncertainty intervals resulted from the Reynolds number effects at low Reynolds numbers.