• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권2_spc호
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• pp.360-369
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• 2024

Ruminal methane production functions as the main sink for metabolic hydrogen generated through rumen fermentation and is recognized as a considerable source of greenhouse gas emissions. Methane production is a complex trait affected by dry matter intake, feed composition, rumen microbiota and their fermentation, lactation stage, host genetics, and environmental factors. Various mitigation approaches have been proposed. Because individual ruminants exhibit different methane conversion efficiencies, the microbial characteristics of low-methane-emitting animals can be essential for successful rumen manipulation and environment-friendly methane mitigation. Several bacterial species, including Sharpea, uncharacterized Succinivibrionaceae, and certain Prevotella phylotypes have been listed as key players in low-methane-emitting sheep and cows. The functional characteristics of the unclassified bacteria remain unclear, as they are yet to be cultured. Here, we review ruminal methane production and mitigation strategies, focusing on rumen fermentation and the functional role of rumen microbiota, and describe the phylogenetic and physiological characteristics of a novel Prevotella species recently isolated from low methane-emitting and high propionate-producing cows. This review may help to provide a better understanding of the ruminal digestion process and rumen function to identify holistic and environmentally friendly methane mitigation approaches for sustainable ruminant production.

• 감성과학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

The aims of the study are first, in other to meet the demand for a new product design process, to review the prototype theory and to find out the conceptual structure of product aesthetics, which is another properly thought to be as important as the typical pattern in an effort to patch up the theory second to help designers overcome the limits of idea generation and create consumer oriented designs with a high success rate by setting up a new product design process that is established through the application of the aesthetically influential factor 'proportion'based on the preceeding studies that tested product aesthetics measuring devices. In other words, this study tries to find out product categories, making use of the prototype theory to introduce an ideal proportion for product design, recognizing the importance of proportion by conducting product pattern analysis: to create a differentiated method that can product consumer oriented designs, even if it only manipulate proportion and to establish a new design process that can systematically explain the methodology for various form generation that applies proportion. This study reviews the theoretical aspects of concepts pertaining to the above … and, based on them, empirically tests them by patting to use the programs, for proportion manipulation. This study was conducted in the following way: To begin with, this study takes out proportion out of some aesthetically influential factors that has a great impact on the way consumers prefer certain product designs and tries to see how proportion affects the consumer preference when consumers select a product. In addition, we could analyze the difference between the ideal proportion that consumers prefer and the traditional golden proportion produced through theoretical studies. The correlations between preferred proportion and ideal proportion, and preferred proportion and golden proportion could be shown. In order that we may create form variations through more detailed proportion manipulation on the basis of the ideal proportion verified as preferable, we again applied the proportion factor to the process utilizing PDS(proportion Distortion System). In the way the restraint of form generation could be pursued. All in all, this study makes an attempt to set up a design process to create new product forms through the application of Proportion.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.452-459
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• 2023

음파의 힘을 이용하는 음향집게는 나노 단위의 세포외소포에서 밀리미터 단위의 대규모 다세포생 물체까지 다양한 생체 입자를 조작하는 데 사용되는 매우 유용한 도구이다. 해당 분야는 수십년간 점진적인 개발이 이루어지고 있으며, 단일 초음파 빔을 사용하는 단일 빔 음향 집게(Single Beam Acoustic Tweezers, SBAT)기술 또한 세포 및 생물체 정밀 이동 및 분석이 가능한 플랫폼으로 발전했다. 최근 혁신적인 발전으로 SBAT를 이용하여 입자/세포 분리, 단일 세포 변형 기술이 개발되었으며 이로 인해 의공학 분야에서 학문적인 관심을 모으고 있다. 본 종설에서 SBAT기술의 기초 원리와 작동 방법에 대해서 설명하며 그간의 연구를 요약하고 이를 바탕으로 향후 연구에 대해서 전망한다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-86
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• 2014

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Animal models have been used to elucidate the details of the molecular mechanisms of various cancers. However, most inbred strains of mice have resistance to gastric carcinogenesis. Helicobacter infection and carcinogen treatment have been used to establish mouse models that exhibit phenotypes similar to those of human gastric cancer. A large number of transgenic and knockout mouse models of gastric cancer have been developed using genetic engineering. A combination of carcinogens and gene manipulation has been applied to facilitate development of advanced gastric cancer; however, it is rare for mouse models of gastric cancer to show aggressive, metastatic phenotypes required for preclinical studies. Here, we review current mouse models of gastric carcinogenesis and provide our perspectives on future developments in this field.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 1997

This paper analyses a number of important areas relating to methane production in ruminants, consequent hazards and different methods of reducing this gas. Clearly methane not only affects on the environment but also on the economy of animal production. Several factors including feed, species, microbes, rumen environment, etc. are responsible for methane production in animals. Although methane production can be reduced by chemical manipulation, defaunation and strategic feeding, the latter was found to be effective because the method is easier to follow than the others. Furthermore, feeding technology could play an important role in reducing methane production particularly in developing countries because of its relative cost effectiveness. however, it needs to compare to what extent it could reduce methane production as well as cost of animal production. Therefore, research program needs to be concentrated on the appropriate feeding system to reduce methane production, consequently pollution and cost of production particularly in developing countries.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.107-123
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• 2008

It has now been well documented in a variety of models that T regulatory T cells (Treg cells) play a pivotal role in the maintenance of self-tolerance, T cell homeostasis, tumor, allergy, autoimmunity, allograft transplantation and control of microbial infection. Recently, Treg cell are isolated and can be expanded in vitro and in vivo, and their role is the subject of intensive investigation, particularly on the possible Treg cell therapy for various immune-mediated diseases. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that Treg cells can prevent or even cure a wide range of diseases, including tumor, allergic and autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection, graft-versus-host disease. Currently, a large body of data in the literature has been emerging and provided evidence that clear understanding of Treg cell work will present definite opportunities for successful Treg cell immunotherapy for the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases. In this Review, I briefly discuss the biology of Treg cells, and summarize efforts to exploit Treg cell therapy for autoimmune diseases. This article also explores recent observations on pharmaceutical agents that abrogate or enhance the function of Treg cells for manipulation of Treg cells for therapeutic purpose.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.187-199
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• 2011

Objectives : Pyoyubu (標幽賦), one of the classics in the science of acupuncture and moxibustion was written by Tu hankyoung (竇漢卿) during the Kum-Won dynasty of China (A.D 1196-1280). This paper is to explore his academic thoughts and make its correct interpretation with new copious notes. Methods : The translation was based on Original Chimgudaesung (原本鍼灸大成) and revisals of Chimguchuiyoung (鍼灸聚英), Yukyoungbuik (類經附翼), New Chimgudaesung (新鍼灸大成), etc. The format of this paper is in poetry and prose in order to abide by the original text. Results and Conclusions : The final part is devoted to five critical thinking on the text, which provides the fundamental principles and clinical guidelines for the current theory of acupuncture.

• 경영과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.201-210
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• 1998

Truck dispatching is one of the most commonly occurring problems of transprot management. We developed an interactive decision support system named IDSSTD, for the truck dispatching problem where two conflicting objectives are treated and travel speed varies depending on the passing areas and time of day. The IDSSTD aids the decision-making process by allowing the user to interact directly with the database, to direct data to a decision model, and to portray results in a convenient form. The IDSSTD is consisted of two major interactive phases. The pre-scheduling interactive phase is to reduce the complexity of a given problem before applying the BC-saving heuristic algorithm and the post-scheduling interactive phase is to improve practically the algorithmic solution. The IDSSTD has the capabilities of its own manipulation(analysis and recommendation) and diverse graphic features in order to facilitate a user's interaction.

• 경영과학
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.43-63
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• 1994

A new model management framework is proposed to accommodate wide-spreading algebraic modeling languages (AMLs), and to facilitate a full range of model manipulation functions. To incorporate different modeling conventions of the leading AMLs (AMPL, GAMS, and SML) homogeneously, generic model concepts are introduced as a conceptual basis and are embodied by the structural and operational constructs of an Object-Oriented Database Management System(ODBMS), enabling the framework to consolidate components of DSSs(database, modelbase, and associated solvers) in a single formalism effectively. Empowered by a database query language, the new model management framework can provide uniform model management commands to models represented in different AMLs, and effectively facilitate integration of the DSS components. A prototype system of the framework has been developed on a commercial ODBMS, ObjectStore, and a C++ programming language.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2010

Digital holography (DH) is a potentially disruptive new technology for many areas of imaging science, especially in microscopy and metrology. DH offers a number of significant advantages such as the ability to acquire holograms rapidly, availability of complete amplitude and phase information of the optical field, and versatility of the interferometric and image processing techniques. This article provides a review of the digital holography, with an emphasis on its applications in biomedical microscopy. The quantitative phase microscopy by DH is described including some of the special techniques such as optical phase unwrapping and holography of total internal reflection. Tomographic imaging by digital interference holography (DIH) and related methods is described, as well as its applications in ophthalmic imaging and in biometry. Holographic manipulation and monitoring of cells and cellular components is another exciting new area of research. We discuss some of the current issues, trends, and potentials.