• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2008

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between dental status and oral function by analyzing those in some long-term care elderly patients. Methods: It performed oral examination and 4 oromotor function examinations such as repeated swallowing function, correct pronunciation function, saliva secretion rate and maximum mouth opening to 91 elderly patents aged 65 and older in the municipal geriatric hospital located in Cheonan. Results: Dental status of patients such as the number of dental caries, treated teeth, retained teeth and function teeth were better in mobile elderly patients than in immobile elderly patients. Attachment rate of dental plaque and the number of teeth being extracted were more in mobile patients than in immobile patients. More retained teeth, the number of function teeth and dental caries and the score in pronunciation status test were significantly higher. With more function teeth, the score in pronunciation status test was significantly higher. As saliva secretion rate is higher, repeated swallowing function was significantly better. repeated swallowing function rate is higher pronunciation status was significantly better. Conclusions: With the results of this study, it was found that among long-term care elderly patients, oral function was worse in immobile patients than in mobile patients. Therefore, it may be necessary to plan and perform an oral function improvement program preferentially for elderly patients requiring long-term care.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.194-206
• /
• 2023

Purpose: A novel attachment system for implant-retained overdentures (IRODs) with novel material combinations for improved mechanical resilience and prosthodontic success (Novaloc) has been recently introduced as an alternative to an existing system (Locator). This study investigated whether differences between the Novaloc and Locator attachment systems translate into differences in implant survival, implant success, and patient-centered outcomes when applied in a real-world in-practice comparative setting in patients restored with mandibular IRODs supported by 2 interforaminal implants (2-IRODs). Methods: This prospective, intra-subject crossover comparison compared 20 patients who received 2 intra-foraminal bone level tapered implants restored with full acrylic overdentures using either the Locator or Novaloc attachment system. After 6 months of function, the attachment in the corresponding dentures was switched, and the definitive attachment system type was delivered based on the patient's preference after 12 months. For the definitive attachment system, implant survival was evaluated after 24 months. The primary outcomes of this study were oral health-related quality of life and patient preferences related to prosthetic and implant survival. Secondary outcomes included implant survival rate and success, prosthetic survival, perceived general health, and patient satisfaction. Results: Patient-centered outcomes and patient preferences between attachment systems were comparable, with relatively high overall patient satisfaction levels for both attachment systems. No difference in the prosthetic survival rate between study groups was detected. The implant survival rate over the follow-up period after 24 months in both groups was 100%. Conclusions: The results of this in-practice comparison indicate that both attachment systems represent comparable candidates for the prosthodontic retention of 2-IRODs. Both systems showed high rates of patient satisfaction and implant survival. The influence of material combinations of the retentive system on treatment outcomes between the tested systems remains inconclusive and requires further investigations.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.654-659
• /
• 2002

To investigate the effects of preparation conditions of encapsulating ester compounds on retention rate of core material in microcapsules prepared with sea tangle alginate, the amounts of ester compounds migrated gelling solution (1 M $CaCl_2$) and washing water from microcapsules that were prepared by adding kinds of ester compound, by controlling ratios of emulsifier to ester compounds and by differing ratios of alginates (wall material) to ester compounds (core material) were measured. Also the amount of ester compounds retained in microcapsules was measured. The higher weight molecular of ester compounds were, the lower amounts of ester compounds migrated gelling solution and washing water from microcapsules were, But its amounts retained in microcapsules were increased, The changes of ethyl caprylate amount migrated gelling solution and washing water from microcapsules prepared by increasing ratios of emulsifier to ethyl caprylate were little, but its half-lives in microcapsules during storage at 25$^{\circ}C$ were steeply increased. Increasing ratios of wall material to core material, ethyl caprylate amount migrated gelling solution and washing water from microcapsules showed 1.8$\~$$2.0\%$ and 2.9$\~$$3.5\%$ respectively but half-lives of ethyl caprylate retained in alginate microcapsules were increased.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2003

Objective : We investigate the effects of multiple attempts of embryo transfer because of retained embryos in the catheter and of contaminated mucus on the transferred catheter. Materials and Methods: We respectively analysed data between November 1998 and August 2002 from 305 patients of 369 cycles who underwent IVF-ET. Of these patients, 47 patients of 50 cycles (Group 2) were required multiple trial of embryo transfer. They were compared with an age-matched control groups (Group 1) with female factor infertility. Pearson's $?^2$ and Fisher's tests were used to compare proportions between discrete variables. Noncategorical data were compared using t-test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Embryos were significantly more likely to be retained when catheter was contaminated with mucus (Group 1: 22.4%; Group 2: 44.0%). The clinical pregnancy rates, however, for the contaminated mucus or not, were 46.8%, 43.5% respectively. There was no significant difference clinical pregnancy rate between those who had all their embryos transferred at the first attempt (45.4%) and those who required more than one attempt (48.0%). Conclusions: Contaminated mucus in the catheter is associated with failed embryo transferred at the first attempt. Embryo transfers, however, that are repeated attempts do not adversely affect pregnancy rates following IVF-ET.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.179-189
• /
• 1996

Growth and nitrogen retention of Persicaria thunbergii were investigated in the wetland microcosms which contained the plants growing on soil bed. Nitrogen solution was supplied to the microcosms with the same amount of $NH_4^{+}-N\; and\; NO_3^{-}-N$ at the rates of 0.00, 0.78, 1.57, 3.14g $N{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdor}wk^{-1}$ from May 1 to August 31, 1995. The solution was detained for 5 days to react with soil and plant and then allowed to leach. The contents of NH_4^{+}-N\;and\; NO_3^{-}-N$ in the leachate, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, plant biomass, and soil characteristics were determined. Nitrogen retained by plant was estimated as the increment of TKN in plant biomass. The addition of 0.78 and 1.57g $N{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}wk^{-1}$ resulted in significant increase of plant biomass. However, plant growth was inhibited when nitrogen was added at the rate of 3.14g $N{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}wk^{-1}$. Overall, the plant biomass was positively correlated with the amount of nitrogen retained by plant and soil system. The amounts of $NO_3^{-}-N$ leached from the microcosms were 5~10 times higher than those of $NH_4^{+}-N$. While total nitrogen added ranged from 143.2 to 576.5g $N/m^2$, total leaching loss of inorganic nitrogen and nitrogen retained by plant was as little as 1.04~22.71g $N/m^2$, and 5.46~12.91g $N/m^2$, respectively. Then, the plant seemed to contribute to KDICical and microbial immobilization of nitrogen in the soil. Finally, it is suggested that a large portion of nitrogen added was lost into the air by denitrification and volatilizaton, and / or leached in organic forms.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.345-348
• /
• 1993

A monchromator controller has been built to drive directly by a personal computer. This controller gives better conveniency and accuracy on spectroscopic experiment when a monochromator has deficient driver. This controller consists with simple electronic circuit and control program. The original spectroscopic precision is retained by using stepper motor. The rate changing method is adopted for short slew time. And the scanning is synchronized with spectrum recording device. Because the controller includes electronic counting ciruit, other program can be executed on personal computer during monochromator scanning.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 1999.08a
• /
• pp.320-326
• /
• 1999

In the present investigation, recrystallization occurring during hot rolling of thick steel plate was predicted. The thermo-mechanical history of a material point was traced by the finite element method and the recrystallization was predicted by the Sellars equations. The investigation was performed for 4 different cases; two different pass schedules in conventional rolling and two different pass schedules in controller rolling. Variations of temperature, strain, strain rate and grain size were compared with each other. It was found out that the difference of grain size through thickness was more distinctive in the cases of controller rolling.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.341-345
• /
• 2005

Since it is troublesome to estimate adequate flow rates in four sections of SMB chromatography, a systematic determination of the flow rates has been suggested by using ketoprofen as a model chiral enantiomer. S-ketoprofen. less retained species, was separated from raffinate stream and the variation in its purity was dependent on the changes of the flow rate of section 4 ($Q_4$), the raffinate flow rate ($Q_{raf}$), and the feed flow rate ($Q_{feed}$) under a fixed switch­ing time t$^{\ast}$. When one parameter was changed at the given experimental condition, purities of product were changed and these phenomena has be well explained by the triangle theory.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.42-50
• /
• 1995

To study the effect of welding methods on the Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) behavior of welded AISI type 316L and 304 austenitic stainless steel, the Slow Strain Rate Technique(SSRT) has been adopted in the boiling 45 wt% $MgCl_2$ solution. The results are as follows. 1) Welded sections are more susceptible than base metal in SCC, and the rank of SCC, and the rasistance in welding method is TIG, MIG, $CO_2$ and ARC. 2) The Ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and the strain of both base metal and welded joint are reduced as decreasing extension rate. 3) The SCC resistance of 316L base metal and welded sections are superior than that of 304. 4) The tendency of pitting and the SCC suseptibility are agreed well, and the SCC site is welded deposit section in 316L whereas HAZ in 304.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.499-507
• /
• 1994

The effect of sodium gluconic acid on the collapsability of the sodium silicate type $CO_2$ mold was studied. The bending strength was saturated with gassing $CO_2$ for 60 sec. under $1kg/cm^2$ and with the flow rate of $10\;{\ell}\;/min$. It was decreased with aging after having been fully hardened. The retained strength was reduced in the heating temperature range of $100{\sim}1,100^{\circ}C$ and the retained strength peak near the heating temperature of $100^{\circ}C$ was removed by the effect of the sodium gluconic acid. Silica gel, $Na_2CO_3$ and dehydrated sodium silicates were formed from the binder of sodium silicate with the addition of sodium gluconic acid at the heating temperature of $100^{\circ}C$. $Na_4SiO_4$ was formed by the reaction of $Na_2O$, from decomposed $Na_2CO_3$, with the dehydrated sodium silicate at $500^{\circ}C$. The crystobalite type of $SiO_2$ was formed at $900^{\circ}C$. The sodium gluconic acid had no effect on the bending strength at around $1,100^{\circ}C$ due to the combustion loss of it.