• 제목/요약/키워드: Retail Institution

검색결과 10건 처리시간 0.023초

점포진화모델 (The Model for the Evolution of Retail Institution Types)

  • 김숙현
    • 한국의류학회지
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    • 제30권12호
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    • pp.1661-1671
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    • 2006
  • 역사적으로 많은 미국과 유럽의 학자들이 이론적(Conceptual work)으로 또는 실전을 (Empirical work) 통하여 점포진화모델을 제시하려 많은 노력을 기울여왔다. 그러나 이런 많은 연구들에도 불구하고 다음과 같은 한계가 여전히 존재하고 있다: 다양한 종류의 점포기관의 진화에 적용할 수 없다는 점, 그리고 양적 연구(Quantitative research)가 부족하다는 점. 이 연구의 목적은 기존 점포진화이론을 포괄하고 위의 한계점을 극복하는 이론적인 점포진화모델을 개발하여 제시하는 것이다. 연구방법에는 질적연구디자인(Qualitative research design), 특히 지속적인 비교분석방법(Constant comparative analysis)을 통한 기초이론(Grounded theory) 형식의 디자인이 사용되었다. 연구결과, 기존의 점포진화이론의 여러 측면들을 종합하여 점포기관들의 변화과정을 제시하는 새로운 이론적인 모델이 제시되었다.

Determinants of Retail Banking Efficiency: A Case of Vietcombank Branches in the Mekong-Delta Region

  • LE, Thi Thu Diem
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제7권7호
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    • pp.439-451
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    • 2020
  • This study focused on researching the factors affecting retail banking efficiency of Vietcombank branches in the Mekong-Delta region. By collecting data from financial statements from 15 branches of VCB in the Mekong-Delta Region between 2015 and 2018, the paper applies DEA estimation to measure the effectiveness of retail banking activities and uses the Tobit regression model to identify factors affecting retail banking efficiency. The results demonstrate that the retail banking efficiency of branches averaged 52.5% during the period. The rating result shows the branches in An Giang, Can Tho, Dong Thap, Kien Giang, Long An, Phu Quoc and Tra Noc rank at the top technical efficiency. In group of medium efficiency, there are branches in Soc Trang, Tien Giang and Vinh Long. In the category of the poor efficiency are the branches in Bac Lieu, Ben Tre, Ca Mau, Chau Doc and Tra Vinh. The results also show that bank scale-related factors, capital adequacy, credit quality, time specific and region impact significantly the retail banking efficiency. The research not, only contributes to enriching the empirical research method but also is significant for the management activities in business developing strategies, improving the operational efficiency of Vietcombank in the region.

유통업체의 부실예측모형 개선에 관한 연구 (Performance Evaluation and Forecasting Model for Retail Institutions)

  • 김정욱
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제12권11호
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    • pp.77-83
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - The National Agricultural Cooperative Federation of Korea and National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Korea have prosecuted both financial and retail businesses. As cooperatives are public institutions and receive government support, their sound management is required by the Financial Supervisory Service in Korea. This is mainly managed by CAEL, which is changed by CAMEL. However, NFFC's business section, managing the finance and retail businesses, is unified and evaluated; the CAEL model has an insufficient classification to evaluate the retail industry. First, there is discrimination power as regards CAEL. Although the retail business sector union can receive a higher rating on a CAEL model, defaults have often been reported. Therefore, a default prediction model is needed to support a CAEL model. As we have the default prediction model using a subdivision of indexes and statistical methods, it can be useful to have a prevention function through the estimation of the retail sector's default probability. Second, separating the difference between the finance and retail business sectors is necessary. Their businesses have different characteristics. Based on various management indexes that have been systematically managed by the National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Korea, our model predicts retail default, and is better than the CAEL model in its failure prediction because it has various discriminative financial ratios reflecting the retail industry situation. Research design, data, and methodology - The model to predict retail default was presented using logistic analysis. To develop the predictive model, we use the retail financial statements of the NFCF. We consider 93 unions each year from 2006 to 2012 to select confident management indexes. We also adapted the statistical power analysis that is a t-test, logit analysis, AR (accuracy ratio), and AUROC (Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis. Finally, through the multivariate logistic model, we show that it is excellent in its discrimination power and higher in its hit ratio for default prediction. We also evaluate its usefulness. Results - The statistical power analysis using the AR (AUROC) method on the short term model shows that the logistic model has excellent discrimination power, with 84.6%. Further, it is higher in its hit ratio for failure (prediction) of total model, at 94%, indicating that it is temporally stable and useful for evaluating the management status of retail institutions. Conclusions - This model is useful for evaluating the management status of retail union institutions. First, subdividing CAEL evaluation is required. The existing CAEL evaluation is underdeveloped, and discrimination power falls. Second, efforts to develop a varied and rational management index are continuously required. An index reflecting retail industry characteristics needs to be developed. However, extending this study will need the following. First, it will require a complementary default model reflecting size differences. Second, in the case of small and medium retail, it will need non-financial information. Therefore, it will be a hybrid default model reflecting financial and non-financial information.

일본의 대규모 소매점포 규제 정책 변화에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Changes in Regulatory Policy against Large-scale Retail Stores in Japan)

  • 김승희;김영기
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제12권11호
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    • pp.55-65
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    • 2014
  • Purpose - This study aims to investigate the process of political changes in Japan, which has introduced regulatory policies for large-scale retail stores since the 1930s, as well as the examples, and suggests improvement schemes for our policies in Korea, which imposes restrictions on business hours and forced holidays in accordance with the current Distribution Industry Development Act. Research design, data, and methodology - After examining the political change processes related to large-scale retail stores in japan, this study analyzes individually regulated cases based on the ordinances enacted by each local government. Through case analysis in Japan, this study makes political suggestions that may be helpful for our country substantially. Results - Since there is an obvious possibility that our economic restrictions on business hours and mandatory holidays do not coincide with WTO GATS, it is necessary for large-scale distributors to introduce new social and environmental regulations similar to Japan, rather than imposing controls to restrict free competition and also introduce a policy to induce cooperation with small businesses for the advancement of the distribution industry. Thus, it is desirable to take measures on noise, waste, traffic, and parking for the preservation of the living environment in the surroundings when building new large-scale retail stores. It is also important to establish measures to improve the welfare of neighborhood residents and consumers, create a pleasant urban environment, and make it mandatory to make presentations at public hearings among residents. Furthermore, it should be mandatory to establish regional contribution plans when a retail store is established, and take measures to solve various civil complaints or problems that may occur after entering the market. Moreover, it is desirable for large-scale retail stores that entered the market to induce cooperation in performing various activities in the area with a strong sense that they are all members of the local economy. Conclusions - If introducing social regulations like in Japan, there is probably an advantage that the conflicts seen when large-scale retail stores enter the market are absorbed by adjusting the persons concerned within the established institution in order to establish a field to solve such conflicts systematically. In contrast, there are still concerns regarding chaotic operation without any active attempts to have a conversation with large-scale retail stores and local small merchants due to a sharp conflict among the persons concerned, and if it is a briefing session without any decision of the restrictions on their opening itself, there may be doubts with regard to their effectiveness. Moreover, if the de facto opening is restricted by the introduction of such a briefing session procedure, the choice of whether to protect the existing rights of large-scale retail stores might become problematic. However, such problems could be minimized in a way by forming a separate consultative group for all persons concerned including residents, local governments, professionals, civic organizations, small merchants, and massive retail store-related persons.

A Study on the Collaboration Development between the SSM and Traditional Markets in Korean Government Policies

  • Suh, Geun-Ha;Park, Seung-Je;Suh, Chang-Soo
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제10권11호
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    • pp.55-60
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    • 2012
  • Purpose - This study aims to suggest policy directions for small retail markets in Korea by statistical analysis, which would help small retailers who are facing various difficulties. Research design, data, methodology - This study diagnoses the problems faced by small retail industries in Korea based on government statistics. In addition, this study identifies three areas for successful collaboration between the SSMs and traditional markets-information distribution, products, and fair trade. Results - This study makes three recommendations-information distribution, products, and fair trade. This includes activation of the existing mutual collaboration efforts, channels, CSR report writing and publicity, ethical management cooperation seminars, contract systems of no return, establishment of staff outsourcing standards, and support for suppliers' organizations. Conclusions - Our suggestions for a collaborative system (based on the three suggestions) show that collaboration rather than confrontation between large and small markets can lead to a sales increase of 2,258.2 billion Won, which is equivalent to the sales loss in 11 traditional markets in one year in Busan.

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A Study on the Financial Stress and Retailer Selection of the Elderly

  • Kim, Jong-Jin
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.25-36
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    • 2017
  • Purpose - The purpose of the study was to investigate the financial difficulty of the elderly in each income group and to examine the factors having related influence. The study adopted models with Korean welfare panel material and examined factors that having influence upon low income elderly's selection on retail business. Research design, data, and methodology - The study investigated the effects having influence upon the financial difficulty of elderly household as well as common household. It also examined independence variables having influence upon household's financial stress and found out the direction of financial control in elderly household. The study investigated the effect of financial stress upon economy to support consumption of the elderly. Results - In cases of financial difficulties, independent variables of the debt increased the financial difficulties of elderly households relying upon traditional markets. The elderly households had financial difficulties because of independent variables of the debt except for loan from financial institution. Conclusions - In this study, the elderly's financial stress had influence upon the use of retail business and the characteristics of residing and family. Further study shall give support policies for the elderly to alleviate financial burden.

전국 다중이용시설의 실내공기 부유 곰팡이의 현황 및 특성 분석 (An Analysis of the Current Status and Characteristics of Airborne Fungi in Indoor Air in Multi-Use Facilities Nationwide)

  • 박용성;권순현;박송이;기선호;윤원석
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제48권5호
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    • pp.282-289
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    • 2022
  • Background: Airborne fungi are ubiquitous in the air and exposure to an airborne fungus can be a significant risk factor. The composition of fungi has been potentially important for human health, especially for respiratory diseases like asthma and atopic dermatitis. Therefore, we attempted to ascertain what kind of airborne fungi affect human health at a nationwide level. Objectives: This study was carried out to provide information on indoor fungi distribution at multi-use facilities throughout South Korea. Methods: We classified our data by region and public facility after collection, cultivation, and identification via the sequencing of the ITS (internal transcribed spacer) region. We investigated whether or not the proliferation of HaCaT cells was affected by the identified airborne fungi. Results: In our data, the most isolated airborne fungi by region were Penicillium spp (Seoul, Daegu), Periconia sp (Gyeonggi-do), Iprex sp (Gangwon-do), Phanerochaete sp (Busan), Bjerkandera sp (Gwangju), and Aspergillus sp (Jeju-do). In the public facilities, the most detected fungi were Cladosporium sp (public transport), Penicillium sp (apartment house, retail market, financial institution, karaoke room), Bjerokandera sp (underground parking lot, public toilet, medical institution), Periconia sp (retail store), and Fusarium sp (general restaurant). Next, we selected twenty airborne fungi to examine their cytotoxicity and proliferation of human skin cells. In this experiment, the proliferation of the cells was influenced by most of the identified fungi. In case of the cytotoxicity test, most genera except for Rhodotorula sp and Moesziomyces sp showed cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells. Conclusions: The distribution of mold in the indoor air in multi-use facilities in South Korea differs from region to region, and this is an indicator that should be considered in future health impact studies. In addition, as a result of culturing about 20 types of bacteria dominant in indoor air, it was found that most (90%) inhibit the growth of skin cells, which can be harmful to health. An in-depth study of the health effects of floating fungi is needed.

영화 영상 전공에서의 스테레오스코픽 3D 제작 교육 과정 연구 (A Study on the Stereoscopic 3D Filmmaking Curriculum in the Film and Image Major)

  • 이찬복
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제10권6호
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    • pp.222-235
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    • 2010
  • 2009년 개봉한 "아바타"의 선전이후 영화 영상 콘텐츠 계의 화두는 단연코 스테레오스코픽 3D 영상이다. 기존의 2D보다 두 배 이상의 예산과 인력이 소요되는 3D 시장은 현재 3D 디스플레이나 텔레비전과 같은 하드웨어는 활발하게 개발이 진행 중이고 리그나 셔터글라스 등 관련 제품 출시도 줄을 잇지만 정작 3D 콘텐츠를 만들어 낼 인력 양성에 대한 방안은 아직 구체화된 것이 없는 실정이다. 3D 영상 특유의 복잡하고 까다로운 제작 과정을 염두에 둔다면 3D 인력 양성에 가장 적합한 곳은 대학이다. 입체 영상 원리 습득과 휴먼 팩터, 3D 제작 실습, 2D에서 3D로의 컨버팅 등의 내용을 주로 하는 3D 제작 교육과정을 제안한다. 대학에서는 3D 제작과 관련된 모든 분야를 커버하려하기 보다는 각 대학의 규모나 기존 개설 전공을 고려하여 산학 연계 가능 분야, 융복합 분야 등으로 전문 분야를 택하여 깊이 있게 접근해야 내실 있는 3D 전문 인력 양성 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

디지털 경제에서의 효율적 시장 메커니즘에 대한 연구: 가격부착 시장과 경매에 대한 가상 실험 (In Search of an Efficient Market Mechanism for a Digital Economy: Virtual Field Experiments on Posted-price Markets and Auctions)

  • Beomsoo Kim
    • 한국전자거래학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.135-158
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    • 2000
  • In recent years, many retail businesses jumped on the Internet auction bandwagon and paid substantially high fees to learn and develop proper business strategies for this new environment. Unlike what most businesses in the real world presume, this research shows that discriminatory-price ascending-bid auctions in a digital economy might be not very beneficial for the sellers on the Internet, if sellers sell the identical digital products through both a typical posted-price market and an auction. Using an extensive technology infrastructure along with suitable incentives and rules for market agents, we found that a discriminatory-price ascending-bid auction, which is the most popular auction mechanism on the Internet, serves consumers better than it does the sellers or producers in the digital economy. That is, the average prices for digital goods in these auctions are substantially lower than the prices in a posted-price market. This shows that it is not so wise for sellers to jump on the bandwagon of Internet auctions, if there is a market place with posted-price mechanisms which sells comparable items, or if a seller does not have special advantages or strategies in this new market institution. Electronic market mechanisms provide powerful means of understanding and measuring consumer characteristics including willingness-to-pay and other demographics for sellers or producers. Many concern that sellers may extract the entire surplus from the market by using customization on the Internet, thus consumers will be worse off in this digital economy. We found that these sellers who can customize their products and prices fail to capture the whole consumers surplus and cannot exercise a monopoly. One major explanation for this phenomenon is that the competition among the sellers prohibits them from charging prices according to customers demand for each product, where switching from one seller to another is not so difficult for the customers, and reselling products among the buyers are prohibited.

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공적연금의 사각지대 : 실태, 원인과 정책방안 (The Excluded from Public Pension : Problem, Cause and Policy Measures)

  • 석재은
    • 한국사회복지학
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    • 제53권
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    • pp.285-310
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    • 2003
  • 국민연금제도 도입 11년만인 1999년에 전국민연금화를 위한 적용확대 과정이 마무리되면서, 이미 40년 역사를 가진 공적직역연금을 포함한 공적연금이 전국민 노령소득보장체계의 주축으로서 온전히 자리매김하게 되었다. 그로부터 4년이 지난 현재, '전국민연금화'라는 슬로건에 걸맞지 않게 국민연금제도에 가입하여 보험료를 납부하면서 연금수급자격을 갖추어 나가는 경우가 국민연금 적용대상인구의 절반에 불과한 것으로 나타나고 있다. 말하자면, 절반의 국민을 대상으로 공적연금제도가 운영되고 있을 뿐이고, 나머지 절반의 국민들은 공적연금의 사각지대에 놓여져 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 공적연금 사각지대의 규모와 특성을 분석하고 그 원인을 진단함으로써, 사각지대 문제의 해결을 위한 정책방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 현재 연금수급세대인 노령계층의 공적연금 사각지대 규모는 60세 이상 노령인구 대비 무려 86%에 이르고 있으며, 미래 연금수급세대인 근로연령계층의 공적연금 사각지대 규모도 18-59세 총인구 대비 61%에 이르는 것으로 나타났다. 현 연금수급세대의 경우 연령이 높을수록, 여성일 경우 사각지대에 노출될 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났고, 미래 연금수급세대의 경우 연령별로는 18-29세 연령층에서, 성별로는 여성의 경우 사각지대에 놓여질 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 미래 연금수급자 증심으로 공적연금보험료 납부여부를 가지고 공적연금 사각지대 결정요인을 분석해 보면, 연령이 낮을수록, 학력이 낮을수록, 취업상태가 무직 임시일용직 등 불안정할수록, 종사산업이 농림어업, 건설업, 도소매음식숙박업, 금융보험부동산업에 종사하는 경우 제조업 종사에 비하여, 종사직업이 단순노무직, 전문기술교육직, 판매서비스직, 생산직, 고위행정관리직에 종사하는 경우 일반사무직에 비하여 공적연금의 사각지대에 놓여질 확률이 커지는 것으로 나타났다. 현재 연금수급자인 노령계층의 공적연금 사각지대는 제도역사가 짧아 노령으로 공적연금 가입기회를 갖지 못한 경우가 많으므로, 공적연금 성숙단계까지 경로연금 등 타 공적소득보장제도의 보완적 역할을 강화함으로써 현 노령계층의 공적연금의 사각지대 문제를 해결해 나가는 정책접근이 필요할 것으로 보여진다. 한편 미래 연금수급자인 근로연계층의 공적연금 사각지대 개선은 노동시장 및 가족 등 경제 사회적 여건의 심대한 변화에 조응안 보다 근본적인 제도체계의 재편이 이루어져야 할 것으로 보여진다. 현행 1소득자 1연금에서 1인 1연금 체계로의 전환과 이를 실질적으로 뒷받침한 시민권적 급여의 원리가 공적연금에 결합되어 공적연금의 기초보장적 성격의 강화가 이루어져야만, 비로소 공적연금이 보편적인 1차 노령소득보장의 안전망으로서의 역할을 수행하고 미래 연금수급자의 사각지대 문제가 궁극적으로 해결될 수 있을 것으로 보여진다.

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