• 기록학연구
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• 제45호
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• pp.155-188
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 정보공개제도 시행 이후 높은 정보 공개율에도 불구하고 국민의 만족도는 이에 상응하지 않는다는 점에 착안하여 결과적 대응성과 실질적 대응성 간의 차이가 있는지를 보고자 하였다. 기존 연구에서는 공개결정과 걸린 시간 등의 결과적 대응성 측면의 분석에 초점을 두었다면, 본 연구는 실질적 측면에서 청구한 정보와 공개된 정보가 얼마나 일치하는지를 확인하고자 하였으며 이는 앞으로 국민의 정보공개청구의 만족도를 높이는 데 있어 가장 중요한 문제일 것이다. 본 연구는 28개 중앙행정기관의 동일한 정보공개청구에 대한 대응성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 실질적 대응성 면에서 청구한 정보와 공개형태가 아닌 다른 정보와 다른 형태의 자료를 공개하여 정확성이 떨어졌고 청구한 정보의 일부 내용이 없거나 내용을 파악할 수 없게 공개하여 공개된 정보의 완전성이 떨어졌다. 기관 특성 가운데 기관 기능 면에서는 국가관리기능이 공개율은 낮았지만, 실질적 대응성 면에서 공개내용은 경제산업기능, 사회문화기능보다 청구내용에 더 가까운 정보를 공개하였다. 결과적 대응성과 실질적 대응성 간에는 차이가 있었는데, 공개결정임에도 불구하고 실제 공개된 내용은 청구한 정보가 아닌 경우도 상당하였고 공개에 여러 날이 소요되었음에도 즉시공개로 판정되어 즉시공개 본래의 취지를 무색하게 하였다. 한편 실질적 대응성을 떨어뜨리는 주된 이유는 문서보존기간의 경과와 자료의 부존재 등 이었다. 따라서 기관의 정보공개에 대한 의지와 함께 공공기관의 기록 생성과 보존의 의무화가 선행되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 한정된 사례를 연구대상으로 하였지만 결과적 대응성과 실질적 대응성 간의 차이를 밝혔다는 데 의의가 있을 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.151-167
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• 1989

The present study was undertaken to investigate modification in electrophysiological characteristics of cat dorsal horn cells resulting from carrageenin-induced inflammation. The followings were studied; 1) the time-course of changes in responses of the WDR (wide dynamic range) cell 1-3h after subcutaneous injection of carrageenin in its receptive field; 2) the responses of the same dorsal hern cells before and after induction of inflammation; 3) the effect of inflammation on the responsiveness of dorsal horn neurons to algogens (bradykinin & potassium); and 4) the effect of inflammation on the activity of WDR cell following administration of indomethacin and clonidine. Though responses of WDR neuron were increased dramatically during first 1h, the maximal enhancement was observed 3h after induction of inflammation especially by repetitive light tactile stimulus. Following carrageenin injection the majority of WDR neurons (10/15 units) showed enhanced responses to all the mechanical stimuli while in 3 cases responsiveness were intensified during activation by one tactile stimulus (brush or pressure). One cell was unaffected by inflammation and in another case the response was enhanced only to noxious stimulus. Five of 9 cells that could initially be driven by noxious stimulus were activated more strongly by same stimulus and even by tactile stimulus (pressure) following inflammation. In 2 cases neurons were sensitized only to noxious stimulus whereas in another 2 cells that did not show enhanced responses to noxious stimulus responses to light tactile stimulus (pressure) appeared after inflammation. Of 16 LT cells tested 6 responded to squeeze while 4 showed the characteristics of WDR cell following inflammation. No modification in responsiveness was recognized in 3 cells whereas response to only brush was enhanced in another 3 neurons. Following carrageenin injection responses of LT cell to bradykinin or $K^{+}$ were not altered whereas those of WOR neurons to bradykinin or $K^{+}$ were suppressed in 22.2% and 33.3% of cases, respectively. In two of 8 activity of HT cells were inhibited by bradykinin while in five of 8 responsiveness to $K^{+}$ were rather enhanced by inflammation. In the rest inflammation was ineffective. In inflammation-induced animal the receptive field of LT cell was not changed whereas those of WDR cell and HT cell were tremendously expanded. The enhanced responses of WDR neurons to mechanical stimuli resulted from inflammation were suppressed by intravenously injected indomethacin and clonidine suggesting that postaglandin is involved in inflammation-induced sensitization of these cells. The involvement of peripheral and central mechanisms in the modification in responsiveness of dorsal horn cells in the carrageenin-induced inflammation was discussed.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.839-845
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• 1993

One of the major problems of cancer chemotheraphy is the development of drug resistance in tumors, resulting in reduced responsiveness to subsequent treatments. The folate antagonists are being used to treat such diverse illnesses as cancer, leukemia, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Previous studies have established that resistance to antifolates may occur in mammalian tumor cells by one or more of five mechanisms ; (a) an increase in the levels of the target enzyme, generally as a consequence of gene amplification ; (b) an alteration in the target enzyme, leading to an enzyme with a decreased binding affinity for the drug ; (c) a decrease in the uptake of the drug into the cells ; (d) increased extrusion of drugs out of cells ; (e) impaired ability to polyglutamylate the parent drug which is capable of being intracellularly metabolized to longer chain length.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제27권4_1호
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• pp.735-740
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• 2024

Data released by the National Fire Agency showed that the total incidence of fires from 2014 to 2023 was 410,497, among which 75,215 were house fires, constituting 18% of the total occurrences. The fatalities resulting from house fires numbered 1,435. Fatalities stemming from prior house fires occurred between midnight and 6 am, coinciding with periods of sleep and diminished responsiveness to fire emergencies. A fire safety labeling system is proposed to prevent fire hazards associated with household products. This system primarily entails indicators of thermal energy and inherent fire attributed to household products. Furthermore, the Korea Fire Safety Institute has suggested adopting a risk label as a concrete measure plan for implementing the fire safety labeling system for household products. The results promise to safeguard the public against fires and increase the exports of household commodities by enhancing the corporate reputation through positive association with fire safety measures.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2014

The versions of the Oswestry disability questionnaire (ODQ) is regarded as one of the most extensively used condition-specific instruments measuring disability resulting from low back pain. It has been shown to have adequate psychometrics, reliability, validity, and responsiveness as a whole, yet the summated total score of the instrument often provide little information to rehabilitation clinicians. A keyform analysis based on Rasch measurement model is an innovative way of illustrating the specific test items that an individual may or may not perform. By applying the keyform of the Rasch measurement model to the ODQ, rehabilitation clinicians may able to select more challenging ODQ items matching an individual's ability and document them as attainable treatment goals. The results demonstrated how a keyform analysis assist to setting possible goals for the treatment of individuals with low back pain. Forty-two individuals with low back pain were recruited from rehabilitation clinics in Gainesville, Florida. A series of Rasch analyses on the 10 items of the ODQ were performed using Winsteps software. The performance of two individuals on those 10 items was illustrated on the keyform. The keyform analysis of the Rasch measurement model may be translated into a useful tool for making clinical judgements.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.902-905
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• 2002

선천성 신성 요붕증은 일반적으로 성염색체 열성 유전 양식을 취하여 보인자인 어머니로부터 아들에게 유전되고, 발생 빈도는 드문 것으로 알려져 있으며, 항이뇨호르몬의 혈장 농도가 정상이거나 상승되어 있으면서도 신세뇨관이 항이뇨호르몬에 대한 저항성 때문에 요농축능 장애가 발생하여 다음과 다뇨를 특징으로 하는 질환으로 이뇨제와 프로스타글란딘 합성억제제의 사용이 치료의 근간을 이루어 왔다. 본 증례에서 발견된 AVPR2 수용체 유전자의 돌연변이 부위는 선천성 신성 요붕증의 표현형을 보이는 것으로 외국에서는 보고된 바 있으나 국내에서는 최초로 확인된 것이며, 고용량의 항이뇨 호르몬과 이뇨제 치료에 반응을 보였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.957-973
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• 2012

This study analyzed consumer public complaint behaviors and the satisfaction of complaint handling among credit card users who availed of credit card services. Relatively little research has been done in this area, despite the obvious importance of understanding and improving credit card market conditions. The purpose of this study was to examine consumer compliant behaviors with a focus on public actions, such as voice responses and the third party actions among credit card users. With the goal of providing consumers with more positive expectations of credit card companies' complaint handling process, this study investigated the status of public actions and the negative effect of complaints on the overall satisfaction of post-complaint behavior toward credit card services. The responses from 1,000 credit card users were analyzed using descriptive analysis, factor analysis, multi-logit analysis, and Heckman selection estimate. The analysis provided three major results: (1) perceived service quality among credit card users was conceptualized into groups such as responsiveness, innovation, company, additional service, and fee, (2) perceived service qualities, age, residential area, employment status, and subjective economic status had significant effect on public compliant action behaviors, and (3) unidimensional factors resulting from post-complaint behaviors were analyzed and several variables, such as period of credit card use, average amount used, and perceived service quality had significant effects on the degree of satisfaction associated with complaint handling in terms of credit card services. Several implications and directions for further research are discussed.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2007

The present study demonstrates the changes in body weight (BW) and plasma sex steroid hormone profiles during artificial maturation induced by human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) or salmon pituitary extract (SPE) injections in cultured eel, Anguilla japonica, kept in seawater for 3 months. In the weekly SPE-injected female group, BW was relatively stable during vitellogenesis. Following induction of vitellogenesis, females exhibited a rapid increase of BW, and the oocytes were observed to be in the migratory nucleus stage at the end of the experiment. Plasma testosterone (T) and $estradiol-17{\beta}$ ($E_2$) levels increased slightly during vitellogenesis and peaked at an average of 5.82 ng/mL and 4.76 ng/mL, respectively, at the end of the experiment. In the weekly control and HCG-injected female groups, BW slowly decreased during the experimental period, and the oocytes of the two groups were observed to be at the primary yolk globule stage. In the weekly HCG-injected female group, plasma T and $E_2$ levels increased slightly during vitellogenesis and decreased afterward. In the control female group, however, plasma T and $E_2$ levels were not altered during the experimental period. Furthermore, plasma $17{\alpha},20{\beta}-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one$ (DHP) was not detected in all experimental groups. Fertility and hatching rates of SPE-injected females were significantly higher in those that ovulated 15 h after DHP injection than 18 h. These results indicate that long rearing in seawater increases responsiveness to SPE in ovarian maturation of the Japanese eel, resulting in shortened period from completion of vitellogenesis by sex steroid hormone production.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2015

All infants should be screened for phenylketonuria (PKU) within the three days of life, in order to allow timely dietary intervention to protect children with PKU from neurologic damage in Korea. A commonly used cut-off level for diagnosis of PKU is $240{\mu}mol/L$ (4 mg/dL). Up to 2% of cases of hyperphenylalaninemias (HPA) detected by the screening test will account for a disorder of $BH_4$ metabolism. Therefore, analysis of blood or urinary pterins is essential, backed up with measurement of DHPR activity, as this allows differentiation of $BH_4$ disorders. A $BH_4$ loading test and measurement of neurotransmitters in CSF provide further important information to the severity of $BH_4$ deficiency and $BH_4$ loading test can detect patients with $BH_4$ deficiency and $BH_4$ responsive PKU. Several protocols for $BH_4$ loading test have been described, involving treatment with $BH_4$ for periods ranging from 1 day to 1 month, and using doses of $BH_4$ of 10-20 mg/kg. There is general agreement that a reduction on blood phenylalanine of at least 30% in response to $BH_4$ loading indicates a clinically significant effect, although in some tests a lower cut-off value may be defined for individual patients, or no specific cut-off value is proposed. The frequency of $BH_4$ responsiveness is highest in patients with mild HPA and mild to moderate PKU resulting from PAH mutations with residual activity.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1211-1224
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• 2010

본 연구는 첫째, 정보기술서비스기업이 특정 클러스터 지역에 입지하여 그 산업에 특화하였을 경우 획득할 수 있는 기대효익 요인을 도출하고, 둘째, 정보기술서비스기업들이 경쟁력을 확보하여 실시간 글로벌기업이 되기 위한 서비스 민첩성 요인을 도출하며, 셋째, 지역적 특화를 통한 기대효익이 서비스 민첩성 향상에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 설문응답 자료에 대한 요인분석 결과, 기대효익 요인으로는 협업, 정보공유, 거래비용, 전문성, 커뮤니케이션, 신뢰증진, 비즈니스 상호이해, 상호호혜성 등 8개 요인이 도출되었으며, 기대효익 요인을 독립변수로 하고 유연성, 신속성, 반응성, 린효율성 등 4개의 정보기술서비스 민첩성 요인을 종속변수로 하여 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 커뮤니케이션을 제외한 각각의 기대효익 요인들은 정보기술서비스 민첩성의 네 가지 요인 중 적어도 하나 이상의 요인에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.