배수불량 경사지 논에서 배수개선에 따른 콩의 수분스트레스 반응해석 (Stress Day Index to Predict Soybean Yield Response by Subsurface Drainage in Poorly Drained Sloping Paddy Fields)
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- 한국토양비료학회지
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- 제44권5호
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- pp.702-708
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- 2011
경사지 논토양에서 밭작물 재배확대를 위한 합리적인 배수개선 방법을 개발하기 위하여 "배수불량"인 경사지 논토양 (경사 7-15%, 지산통)을 대상으로 배수조건에 따라 "매우불량"인 논 2개 필지, "약간불량"인 논 2개 필지의 논둑 아래 기저부에 1열로 명거 (겉도랑 배수), 비닐차단막, 암거 (속도랑 배수), 관다발 등 네 가지 종류의 배수시설을 설치하여 배수개선 방법에 따른 콩의 수분 스트레스 반응 해석을 통한 배수개선 효과를 비교 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 배수시설 설치 후 콩 생육기간 중 지표 하 30 cm를 초과한 일평균 지하수위의 합계 (
브랜드확장은 다양한 마케팅 영역 중에서도 전통적으로 활발하게 연구가 진행되어 왔던 영역으로서, 본 연구는 최근 그 중요성이나 활용도가 급증하고 있는 PL(Private Label)제품에 대해 브랜드확장의 개념을 활용하여 차별적으로 접근하고자 하였다. 최근 PL제품에 관한 마케팅연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있으나, 대부분 기존 틀에서 크게 벗어나지 못한 채 단순한 적용에 그치고 있으며, 특히 브랜드확장에 관련된 연구들에서도 PL시장의 특성을 제대로 반영하고 있다고 볼 수 없다. 특히 PL제품의 확장에 있어서는 두 가지 모브랜드가 존재할 수 있는데, 이에 대한 연구는 부재한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 확장 PL제품의 태도에 영향을 미치는 변수로서 두 가지 모브랜드인 유통업체와 기존 PL제품에 대한 태도를 제시하였다. 또한 개별 모브랜드가 PL제품의 태도에 미치는 영향은 개별 모브랜드와 확장 PL제품간 유사성에 의해 상이할 것이라고 제안하였으며, 유통업체와 기존 PL제품에 대한 태도에 영향을 미치는 변수로서 신뢰와 만족을 제시하였다. 분석결과 유통업체와 기존 PL제품에 대한 태도 모두 확장 PL제품의 태도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며 동시에 적합도 정도에 따라 그 영향력이 상이함도 실제 데이터를 통해 검증하였다. 즉 확장 PL제품의 태도는 모브랜드의 적합도가 보다 강하게 형성된 모브랜드의 영향을 더 크게 받는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 토대로 향후 PL제품을 확장할 경우 소비자가 보다 긍정적인 태도를 갖고 있는 모브랜드에 기초하여 해당 모브랜드와의 연상이 강하게 나타날 수 마케팅 전략을 구사할 필요가 있을 것이다.
According as the automation of clerical work(OA ; Office Automation) develops, the use of VDT(Visual or Video Display Terminal) is increasing suddenly. But, in proportion to the spread of office automation(OA tendency), the self-conciousness syptom attendant upon the work is appearing also (Kim, Jung Tae, Lee, Young Ook, 1990). The apparatuses of office enable the clerical workers to be convenient and perform mass businesses. But, they are increasing the opportunity to be exposed to VDT syndrom, techno stress, computer terminal disease, pain by muscle strain(RSI), bradycausia of noise nature, and electromagnetic waves, etc. which are referred to as the new type of occupational diseases to the workers. It is the real situation that the workers to use VDT is complaining of the physical inconvenience sense in the recent newspaper and literature, it is the point of time that the sydrome to come from VDT use and computer terminal disease, etc. must be classified into the occupational disease(Lee, Kwang Young 1990, Lee, Kyoo Hak 1990, Lee, Won Ho 1991, Lee, Si Young 1991, Lee, Joon 1991, Choi, Young Tae 1991, Heo, Seung Ho 1989). In addition, it is the real situation that the scientifitic study result about the scope that electromagnetic waves has influence on the human body has not been suggested yet, and criticism on the stable exposure permission standard about electromagnetic waves to be emitted from VDT and on the problem in the health about electromagnetic waves is continuing. (IEEE Spectrum, 1990). In addition according to the experience of nursery business of industry field, it is the real situation that the patients who consult complaining of physical and mental inconvenience sence, among the users of apparatus of office automation, are reaching 10% of the patients coming to doctor's room. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the self-consciousness symptom that the clerical workers complain of multilaterally with the actual state examination about the use of the apparatuses of offices automaton. Thus, this study was tried as th basic data for the cosultation and education for the maintenance and furtherance of the health of workers as the nurse of industry field, by confirming the contents of self-consciousness symptom attendant upon the use of the apparatus for office outomation making the financial institution in which the spparatus for office automation in most frequently used as the subject, and by examining whether there is the difference according to the subject of study, the data were collected, by using the questionnaire method, making 200 workers who consented to the study participation as the subject, among the persons who have spent over 3 months since they used the apparatuses for office automation and didn't receive the treatment in hospital due to the clerical disease for recent 3 years. The period of data collection was from Oct. 9, 1991 to Oct. 12. As for the measurement instrument about the complaint if self-consciousness symptom attendant upon the use of apparatuses fo office automation, the question item on the complaint symptom of health problem attendant upon the treatment of VDT that Kim(1991) developed and on CMI health problem and the question items on the fatigue degree due to industry were used by previous examination to 25 persons. Collected data were analyzed with the statistical method such as percentage, arithmetic mean, Person correlation coeffient, Kai square verfication, t-test, ANOVA, etc. by using SPSS/PC+ program, and the result is as follows : 1. The self-consciousness symptom that the clerical workers complained of most frequetly appeared high in 'My eyes are tired'(99.4%), 'I feel fatigue and weariness'(99.4%), 'I feel that my head is heavy5(90.0%), 'eyesight fell'(88.8%), 'I have a stiff neck'(88.8%), 'I fell pain in the shoulder'(85.0%), 'I feel cold and painful in the eyes'(76.9%), 'I feel the dry sense of eyeball'(76.2%), 'My nerves are edgy, and I an fretful, (75.6%), 'I feel pain in the waist'(73.2%) and 'I fell pain in the back'(72.8%). It emerged that the subject use the apparatuses for office automation complained of self-consciousness symptoms related to visual symptoms and musculoskeletal symptoms. 2. As for the general feature of examination subjects, the result to see the distribution by classifying into sex, age, school career, use career of apparatuses for office automation, skillfulness degree of the use of apparatus for office automation, use hours of the apparatuses for office automation per 1 day, type of business of the apparatus for office automation, rest hours during the use of apparatus for office automation, satifaction degree of business of office automation, and work circumstance, etc. emerged as follows : As for the sex of subjects, the distribution showed that men were 58.8% and women were 41.3%, Age was average 26.9. As the distribution of school career, the distribution showed that4below the graduation of high school' was 58.8%, 'graduation from junior college-university' was 35.0%, and 'over graduate school' was 6.3%. In the question to ask the existence or non-existence of experience of health consultation in connection with the work of office automation, the response that I had the consultation exprience and I feel the necessity emergerd as 90.1% And, the case that the subject who didn't wear the glasses or lens before using the OA apparatus wear glasses or lens after using OA apparatus emerged as 28.3% of whole. As for the existence or non-existence of use career of OA apparatus, the case under 3 years was highest as 52. 7%. As for the skillfulnness degree about the use of apparatus for office automation, most of them are skillful with the fact that 'common' was 44.4%, 'skill' was 42.5%, and 'unskillful' was 13.1% As for the use average hours of the apparatus for office automation per 1 day, the distribution showed that the case under 3-6 hours was 33.1%, the case under 6-9 hours was 28.1%, the case under 3 hours was 30.6%, and the case over 9 hours was 8.1% Main OA business and the use hours for 1 day showed in the order of keeping and retrieval, business of information transmission(162min), business of information transmission(79.3 min), business of document framing(55.5 min), and business of duplication and printing(25.4min). as for the rest during the use of apparatus for affice automation, that I take rest occasion demands the major portion, but that I take after completing the work emerged as 33.8%. Though the subiness gets to be convenient by the use of the apparatus for of office automation, respondents who showed the dissatisfaction about the present OA business emergd high as 78.1%. The work circumstances of each office was good with the fact that the temperature of office was 21.8, noise was average 42.7db, and the illumination was average 364.4 lx, in the light of ANSi/HFS 100 Standard. 3. Sight syptom, musculoskeletal symptom, skin and other symptoms showed the significant difference according to the extent of skillfulness of the apparatus for office automation. All the symptoms exept skin symptom showed the difference according to the use hours of the apparatus for office automation. All the question items exept the sytoms of digestive organs and the rest hours during the apparatus for office automation showed the signicant difference. The question item which showed the signicant difference from the satisfaction degree of present OA business showed the significant difference from all the question item classified into 6 groups. But, age and school career didn't significant difference from the complaint of any self-consciousness symptoms.