• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.583-590
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• 2002

In this paper, a new Silicon on Insulator (SOI)-based photodetector was proposed, and its basic operation principle was explained. Fabrication steps of the detector are compatible with those of conventional SOI CMOS technology. With the proposed structure, RGB (Read, Green, Blue) which are three primary colors of light can be realized without using any organic color filters. It was shown that the characteristics of the SOI-based detector are better than those of bulk-based detector. To see the response characteristics to the green (G) among RGB, SOI and bulk NMOSFETS were fabricated using $1.5\mu m$ CMOS technology and characterized. We obtained optimum optical response characteristics at $V_{GS}=0.35 V$ in NMOSFET with threshold voltage of 0.72 V. Drain bias should be less than about 1.5 V to avoid any problem from floating body effect, since the body of the SOI NMOSFET was floated. The SOI and the bulk NMOSFETS shown maximum drain currents at the wavelengths of incident light around 550 nm and 750 nm, respectively. Therefore the SOI detector is more suitable for the G color detector.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.242-246
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• 2008

To assess the role of $\alpha_{1G}$ T-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels in neuropathic pain after L5 spinal nerve ligation, we examined behavioral pain susceptibility in mice lacking $Ca_{V}3.1$ (${\alpha}_{1G}{^{-/-}}$), the gene encoding the pore-forming units of these channels. Reduced spontaneous pain responses and an increased threshold for paw withdrawal in response to mechanical stimulation were observed in these mice. The ${{\alpha}_{1G}}^{-/-}$ mice also showed attenuated thermal hyperalgesia in response to both low-(IR30) and high-intensity (IR60) infrared stimulation. Our results reveal the importance of ${\alpha}_{1G}$ T-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels in the development of neuropathic pain, and suggest that selective modulation of ${\alpha}_{1G}$ subtype channels may provide a novel approach to the treatment of allodynia and hyperalgesia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 1985

It is important to minimize the electric power consumption to stimulate the marine fish, for the much electric power consumption is required to induce the response. The experiment was made to find out the threshold value for the electrotaxis or electronarcosis on amber fish, Seriola aureovitta(TEMMINCK et SCHLEGEL). The impulse rate and width which minimize the electric power consumption were examined. The experiment was carried out in the acryl tank(49W$\times$175L$\times$50Hcm) which is equipped with the two electrodes. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The electric power consumption which is required to induce the electorates and electronarcosis is tended to decrease as the lower impulse rate. 2) The mean electric power consumption for the electronarcosis is about 4.5~10 times of the electrotaxis. 3) The impulse width which minimize the electric power consumption is 0.5msec.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2007

We report the label-free biomolecules detection based on nanomechanical micro cantilevers operated in dynamic mode for detection of two marker proteins (myoglobin and creatin kinase-MB (CK-MB)) of acute myocardical infarctions. When the specific binding between the antigen and its antibody occurred on the fuctionalized microcantilever surface, mechanical response (i.e. resonant frequency) of microcantilevers was changed in lower frequency range. We performed the label-free biomolecules detection of myoglobin and CK-MB antigen in the low concentration (clinical threshold concentration range) as much as 1 ng/ml from measuring the dynamic response change of micro cantilevers caused by the intermolecular force. Moreover, we estimate the surface stress on the dynamic microcantilevers generated by specific antibody-antigen binding. It is suggested that our dynamic microcantilevers may enable one to use the sensitive label-free biomolecules detection for application to the disease diagnosis system based on mechanical immuno-sensor.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.251-263
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• 2008

In this paper, we report an analytical modeling and 2-D Synopsys Sentaurus TCAD simulation of ion implanted silicon carbide MESFETs. The model has been developed to obtain the threshold voltage, drain-source current, intrinsic parameters such as, gate capacitance, drain-source resistance and transconductance considering different fabrication parameters such as ion dose, ion energy, ion range and annealing effect parameters. The model is useful in determining the ion implantation fabrication parameters from the optimization of the active implanted channel thickness for different ion doses resulting in the desired pinch off voltage needed for high drain current and high breakdown voltage. The drain current of approximately 10 A obtained from the analytical model agrees well with that of the Synopsys Sentaurus TCAD simulation and the breakdown voltage approximately 85 V obtained from the TCAD simulation agrees well with published experimental results. The gate-to-source capacitance and gate-to-drain capacitance, drain-source resistance and trans-conductance were studied to understand the device frequency response. Cut off and maximum frequencies of approximately 10 GHz and 29 GHz respectively were obtained from Sentaurus TCAD and verified by the Smith's chart.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.768-776
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• 1995

In a distributed computer system with star topology, the processing power of central node may be greater than that of peripheral nodes and the job arrival rate of each node may be different. The performance of load balancing may be very different according to the selection of sender criteria and receiver criteria for job transfer. But the optimal decision of sender and receiver criteria is very difficult in heterogeneous distributed computer systems. In this paper we propose effective destination decision policies using dynamic criteria such as mean job response time of a node and estimated response time of a job, instead of fixed threshold for dynamic load balancing.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2004

Use of electric pulp testing elicits painful response in vital teeth. In this study, we examined the excessive time from pain feeling to stimulation disconnection in clinical situation. D626D (Parkell Inc., USA.) scan type electric pulp tester was used in total of 23 young healthy individuals. Each of the right central incisors and first premolars were used as testing teeth. Stimulation disconnection was achieved by EMG in anterior belly of digastric muscle, finger span, and voice and the excessive stimulation time over the sensory thresh-old was recorded. As a result, we found that the short responses before the stimulation disconnection appeared following order：EMG, finger span, and voice. The EMG disconnection is suggested to be used to reduce the excessive stimulus time in electric pulp testing.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.789-792
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• 2003

pMOSFET having 10 ${\mu}um$ thickness Gd layer has been tested to be used as a slow neutron sensor. The total thermal neutron cross section for the Gd is 47,000 barns and the cross section value drops rapidly with increasing neutron energy. When slow neutrons are incident to the Gd layer, the conversion electrons are emitted by the neutron absorption process. The conversion electrons generate electron-hole pairs in the $SiO_2$ layer of the pMOSFET. The holes are easily trapped in Oxide and act as positive charge centers in the $SiO_2$ layer. Due to the induced positive charges, the threshold turn-on voltage of the pMOSFET is changed. We have found that the voltage change is proportional to the accumulated slow neutron dose, therefore the pMOSFET having a Gd nuclear reaction layer can be used for a slow neutron dosimeter. The Gd-pMOSFET were tested at HANARO neutron beam port and $^{60}CO$ irradiation facility to investigate slow neutron response and gamma response respectively. Also the pMOSFET without Gd layer were tested at same conditions to compare the characteristics to the Gd-pMOSFET. From the result, we have concluded that the Gd-pMOSFET is very sensitive to the slow neutron and can be used as a slow neutron dosimeter. It can also be used in a mixed radiation field by subtracting the voltage change value of a pMOSFET without Gd from the value of the Gd-pMOSFET.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.498-501
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• 2004

In this study, the threshold voltage and the response time of thermal stressed TN-LCDs showed the same performances on no thermal stressed TN-LCDs. There was little change of value in TN cells. Also, the transmittances of TN-LCDs on the rubbed PI surface were almost same while increasing thermal stress time. However, the thermal stability of TN cell was decreased by the high thermal stress for the long duration. Residual DC was decreased as the thermal stress increases. Especially, when TN cell was stressed more and more by heating, residual DC was changed a lot. As a result, the residual DC property of LCD in projection TV is affected very much by heating.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.327-335
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• 2020

As the interest in oral health is increasing with quality of life. The most representative oral diseases include dental caries, periodontal disease, and malocclusion, as well as dry mouth and oral mucosa. Cinnamaldehyde have an antioxidant effect that has been studied not only to treat rheumatism and hypertension, but also to protect liver, and gastrointestinal tract, but there are few studies related to the control of oral diseases. The purpose of this study was the effect of enhanced orofacial pain when oral administration of cinnamaldehyde in the oral diseases. Cinnamaldehyde (5, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) orally administered at a dose of 1 mL, and the change in biological response was confirmed after a week. In addition, 5% formalin (30, 50 μL) was injected into TMJ and subcutaneous areas of the whiskers of rats to observe the change in the threshold of the improved orofacial pain model. As a result of the experiment, in the xerostomia model, drinking water was decreased in the cinnamaldehyde-administered group, feed intake and weight increased, and saliva was also increased compared to the naïve group. In particular, the most significant increase trend was observed at the concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/kg. In addition, it was confirmed that the pain behavioral response of the orofacial area improved by oral diseases decreased depending on the concentration of cinnamaldehyde. Based on these results, cinnamaldehyde effectively reduced symptoms related to xerostomia and showed improved pain relief in the orofacial areas.