• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.427-433
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• 2018

Obsessive compulsive disorder is a debilitating condition characterized by recurrent obsessive thoughts and compulsive reactions. A great portion of the obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients are managed successfully with psychiatric treatment such as selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy, but more than 10% of patients are remained as non-responder who needs neurosurgical treatments. These patients are potential candidates for the neurosurgical management. There had been various kind of operation, lesioning such as leucotomy or cingulotomy or capsulotomy or limbic leucotomy, and with advent of stereotaxic approach and technical advances, deep brain stimulation was more chosen by neurosurgeon due to its characteristic of reversibility and adjustability. Gamma knife radiosurgery are also applied to make lesion targeting based on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, but the complication of adverse radiation effect is not predictable. In the neurosurgical field, MR guided focused ultrasound has advantage of less invasiveness, real-time monitored procedure which is now growing to attempt to apply for various brain disorder. In this review, the neurosurgical treatment modalities for the treatment of OCD will be briefly reviewed and the current state of MR guided focused ultrasound for OCD will be suggested.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.17-24
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 IMO 국제기준, 선진해양국 및 한국 유류오염방제교육을 상호 비교분석하여 향후 우리나란 방제교육과정을 개발하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 기본적으로 IMO 모델코스를 기준으로 교육과정을 편성하고, 이 교육의 사전 교육으로 방제기초과정을 신설한다. 그리고 단계별로 연관성 있게 내용을 구성하고 초급단계에서는 현장실습위주로, 상급교육에서는 도상훈련 등 모의훈련 비중을 상향조정한다. 그리고 해안오염에 추가하여 해안방제평가기법 과정을 추가하고, 또한 교육이수자의 최신기술 보완 및 갱신을 위한 보수교육과정을 포함하여 총 9개과정을 개설할 것을 제안한다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2013

Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design(G-SEED) has been used for environmental friendly building certification since 2002. The certification criteria initialed with multi-residential building and now it expands to 10 criteria for new and existing building types. The purpose of this study is to understand current recognition of G-SEED from the survey of multi-complex residences in newtown. From the general question, 75.2% of responders answered the period of living term between 1~3 years, 58.6% lived in $102.48{\sim}132.23m^2$ residential area and 65.2% owned their residences. The 43.2% of respondents recognized that their residences gained G-SEED certification by G-SEED emblem(31.6%). This is the significant meaning to understand public recognition of G-SEED and how to approach the strategy for raising the G-SEED recognition. The responders expected positive influence for economical value from G-SEED and also 75.3% of responders agreed with that G-SEED would be a decision make to buy and rent their residences. Second, residents responded that the consideration issue for green building is energy & prevention of environmental pollution(27.7%) which carries equal concern in G-SEED criteria category. The result of this survey verifies that the current level recognition of G-SEED of the responder's perspectives still is not well-known but it confirmed they have a positive expectation. Therefore, from this result, G-SEED needs to draw road map with detail plans for developing G-SEED with public participation.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2004

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) inhibit the immune response of lymphocytes to specific antigens and dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigenpresenting cells whose function is to present antigen to naive T-lymphocytes with high efficiency and play a central role in the regulation of immune response. We studied the effects of MSC on DC to evaluate the relationship between MSC and DC in transplantation immunology. Methods: MSC were expanded from the bone marrow and DC were cultured from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) of 6 myelogenous leukemia after achieving complete response. Responder cells isolated from PBMNC and lysates of autologous leukemic cells are used as tumor antigen. The effect of MSC on the DC was analyzed by immunophenotype properties of DC and by proliferative capacity and the amount of cytokine production with activated PBMNC against the allogeneic lymphocytes. Also, cytotoxicity tests against leukemic cells studied to evaluate the immunologic effect of MSC on the DC. Results: MSC inhibit the CD83 and HLA-class II molecules of antigen-loaded DC. The proliferative capacity and the amount of INF-$\gamma$ production of lymphocytes to allogeneic lymphocytes were decreased in DC co-cultured with MSC. Also the cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes against leukemic cells was decreased in DC co-cultured with MSC. Conclusion: MSC inhibit the activation and immune response of DC induced by allogeneic or tumor antigen.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.147-160
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to identify the nature of the patient service quality of health center, and based on that, to examine the relationship of health center visitor's perceived quality and overall satisfaction. Data were collected on the basis of 'the 3rd Regional Health Care Planning' operated by Rural Health Care Service Technology Aid Task-force Team(RHCSTAT), Ministry of Health and Welfare. Basically, the Manual of 3rd Regional Health Care Planning is composed of structure, process, and outcome measurement indicators. Of these indicators, 21 patient satisfaction questions as outcome indicators are used in this study. The samples are 3,530 patients who visited 80 health centers all of the nation. First, the reliability and validity of patient service quality items was evaluated. Second, the descriptive statistics of health service quality are calculated. Third, through the T-test and ANOVA, the differences of patient satisfaction by responder's general characteristics are compared. In final, to explore the relationship of service quality and overall satisfaction, multiple regression analysis was used. This study shows firstly, the dimension of patient service quality was categorized into 3 dimensions, that is, facilities and environment, staff kindness, and access convenience. Secondly, the reliability and validity of patient service quality items was satisfied. Thirdly, the mean score of staff kindness factors are high in contrast to the facilities and environment. And in regard to the overall satisfaction, the mean score is more higher in Daegu region, County type health center, male group, and upper 65 age group than comparison groups. Lastly, as a result of multiple regression analysis, the effect of patient's perceived service quality, especially, appropriateness of billing time(Beta=0.190) and of reservation time(Beta=0.132) are statistically significant(P<0.01). In conclusion, to satisfy the health need of community people and improve the service quality of the health center, the efforts for the access convenience might be needed. Additionally, the enlargement on health center space and supply of new medical equipment is urgent for the patient satisfaction.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2009

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the present status of physical therapies provided in the Korean medicine clinics, and to find out the priorities among and the estimated fees of physical therapies for the National Health Insurance plan. Methods : We administered nationwide survey to Korean medicine doctors using the on-line survey system. 16 physical therapies were listed in the Web-based questionnaires, and responders were asked to mark the therapies they used for their patients, and, for each therapy they marked, to fill in the form including the frequencies of service, service fees, target diseases, and priorities for health insurance coverage, etc. Results : Of 488 respondents, 93.7% provide more than one physical therapy for their patients, and each responder uses 5.9 physical therapies on average. 60-90% of physical therapies are being given to patients for free because they are not covered by the National Health Insurance. There is little evidence that the specialties of Korean medicine doctors are related with the use of physical therapies, but, in some therapies, the doctors with longer career years use the physical therapy more frequently. Most physical therapies are applied to the patients with musculoskeletal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and nervous diseases, etc. Conclusions : Physical therapies are widely used among Korean medicine doctors without proper compensation. This could be the one of the main factors distorting the profit structure of Korean medicine clinics, and it encourages the National Health Insurance to cover physical therapies provided in the Korean medicine clinics.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2008

Objectives : Some reports have suggested that 5-HT5A polymorphism allelic association was associated with depression, however, there has been no report about relationship between the 5-HT5A gene and antidepressant response. We conducted the association study of the 5-HT5A receptor gene polymorphisms (-19G/C,12A/T) and response to citalopram in Korean patients with major depressive disorder(MDD). Methods : A total of 106 patients with major depressive disorder were included in this study. The patient's symptoms were measured by 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD) at baseline, week 1, week 2, week 4 and week 8 during citalopram treatment. A Responder to citalopram was defined by 50% reduction of total HAMD scores. To analyze genetic polymorphisms, a polymerase chain reaction based method was used. Results : At week 8, responders were 62, non-responders were 44. No significant differences of genotypes or allelic association in 19G/C and 12A/T polymorphisms were observed between responsive and non-responsive patients. Conclusion : These results do not support the hypothesis that this polymorphism of the HT5A receptor gene is involved in the therapeutic response to citalopram.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate antihypertensive effect by single adminstration of Chunghyul-dan in stroke patients. Methods: This is a 31-patient case series from retrospective chart review of inpatients who diagnosed with stroke at a Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital (Seoul) between October 2016 to October 2017. We reviewed patient's charts with transient and sudden increases in blood pressure who were treated with Chunghyul-dan and analyzed blood pressure over time. In addition we classified patients by using the standardized predictive models for Korean medical diagnostic pattern-identification to find out if there are some differences in responder ratios. Results: Thirty one patients who took Chunghyul-dan were identified. 60 minutes, 120 minutes after 1200mg administration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly compared to baseline. We could not identify the difference between the groups of each pattern-identification because of small number of some groups. Conclusions: Although limited by its retrospective nature, this study suggests that Chunghyul-dan may be effective as short term antihypertensive method for stroke patient.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.50-73
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• 2009

This paper is about the establishment of "Initial Response System." Initial response system is most important and should be treated urgently among all preparations for chemical terrorism. The objects of Initial response system are to protect civilians and the first responder who are exposed directly to chemical terrorism. Therefore, this paper suggests two main issues about Initial response system. One is to prepare immediate and exact information service system which assures the safety and survival of exposed people. The other is to build Scene Response System integrated with Command-Control Procedure for early finished situation. Compared to United States, overcoming the Chemical Terrorism requires to improve the contents of two categories: Counter Citizen Response part and Initial Scene Response part. For Counter citizen response part' s sake, the web-sites of Response leader agencies for searching information about chemical terrorism should be modified specifically. These web-sites have to be re-organized in detail. The existing Information service system which has been vaguely informed as "CBRNE Accident" needs to be divided as "CBRNE Accident" and "WMD terrorism." Further, each of them should be specialized in "Chemical', "Biological", and "Radiological" categories. There is a need to rearrange current Emergency Instruction for civilians against chemical terrorism in feasible way. At the same time, it should be applied consistently to all organizations through agreement between experts and related-organizations. For Initial Scene Response part's sake, "Initial scene response procedure (SOP)" and "Operational conception" should be produced through Simulated Exercises and workshops of all organizations related with initial response. These organizations have to cooperate with Ministry of Environment which is the main leader Agency as the center. Next, there is a need to develop a technology and Scene Response Equipments, and to standardize the response equipments which consider the capability of First Responders for chemical terrorism. Especially, improving capability of equipments is required to overcome the vulnerability of Scene Response Equipments.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this case study was to investigate three poor fibrinolytic responders with chronic ischemic stroke to acute exercise intensity and time. Methods: Three ischemic stroke patients (male) from the stroke center located at Busan metropolitan area in Republic of Korea volunteered at this study. They performed two single session exercises that were a VO2peak test and a single bout treadmill walking (70-75%HRpeak, 30 min, 50min). Fasting blood samples for determination of tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were obtained before, immediately after, 30min after acute exercise. SPSS 12.0 was used for analyzing of data and computing mean and standard deviation, and change rate was conducted between times. Results: In fibrinolytic activity according to the intensity and time of acute exercise, tPA change increased steadily during the recovery stage after the VO2peak in the cases, but PAI-1 activity showed different patterns among the cases. In a single bout treadmill walking (70-75%HRpeak, 30 min, 50min), tPA change increased between 30min and 50min. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results suggest that the exercise prescription for poor fibrinolytic responder with three male chronic ischemic stroke patients without motor disability recommend at 70-75%HRpeak, over 30min.