• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2017

$1100^{\circ}C$급 가스터빈 동익의 국산화 개발품에 대한 신뢰성을 무고장시험법에 의해 평가하였다. 터빈 동익은 기동, 정지 중에 발생하는 공진 또는 유체유발진동을 겪는 등 터빈 운전 중 상시 다양한 동하중에 노출되어 있으며, 이러한 변동하중은 터빈 동익에 고주기피로손상을 초래한다. 특히 동익의 파손에 의한 사고는 타 설비로의 파급이 크고, 막대한 경제적 피해를 야기하기 때문에, 발전소의 안정적인 운전을 위해 동익의 신뢰성이 우선 검증되어야 한다. 동익에 균열을 일으키기 위해서 전자식 가진기를 이용하여 공진에 의한 증폭된 동하중을 부과하였다. 가스터빈 동익의 수명분포를 와이블 분포로 가정하여 를 시험 시간을 계산하고, 시료 1개의 고장을 허용하는 조건으로 총 5개의 개발품을 대상으로 시험을 수행하여, 개발품 동익의 목표 수명을 90% 신뢰도로 보증할 수 있다는 것을 90% 신뢰수준에서 확인하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2003

본 논문은 사각형 연료 탱크 내 비점성, 비압축성, 비회전 유동에 대한 슬로싱 주파수 응답의 유한요소 해석을 다룬다. 지배방정식으로 포텐셜 이론을 기반으로 한 라플라스 방정식을 적용한다. 슬로싱 운동이 작다고 가정하여 선형화된 자유표면 조건을 적용하였고, 변수분리기법을 이용하여 이론해를 구하였다. 점성 감쇠에 따른- 에너지 소산의 영향을 구현하기 위해 가상치 점성 계수를 도입하였으며, 이고 인해 공진 주파수에서 응답의 발산을 방지할 수 있나. 슬로싱 응답의 최대 진폭을 예측하기 위해 9절점 요소를 사용한 유한요소법을 이용하여 해석하였다. 슬로싱 높이, 유체 내부 동수압 및 내부 유체력의 수치 결과는 이론해와 잘 일치하였다. 유한요소 시험 프로그램을 검증한 후, 유체높이에 따른 슬로싱 주파수 응답 특성을 분석하였다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.330-343
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• 2016

This paper presents results of an experimental investigation of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a flexibly mounted and rigid cylinder with two-degrees-of-freedom with respect to varying ratio of in-line natural frequency to cross-flow natural frequency, $f^*$, at a fixed low mass ratio. Combined in-line and cross-flow motion was observed in a sub-critical Reynolds number range. Three-dimensional displacement meter and tension meter were used to measure dynamic responses of the model. To validate the results and the experiment system, x and y response amplitudes and ratio of oscillation frequency to cross-flow natural frequency were compared with other experimental results. It has been found that the higher harmonics, such as third and more vibration components, can occur on a certain part of steel catenary riser under a condition of dual resonance mode. In the present work, however, due to the limitation of a size of circulating water channel, the whole test of a whole configuration of the riser at an adequate scale for VIV phenomenon was not able to be conducted. Instead, we have modeled a rigid cylinder and assumed that the cylinder is a part of steel catenary riser where the higher harmonic motions could occur. Through the experiment, we have found that even though the cylinder was assumed to be rigid, the occurrence of the higher harmonic motions was observed in a small reduced velocity ($V_r$) range, where the influence of the in-line response is relatively large. The transition of the vortex shedding mode from one to another was examined by using time history of x and y directional displacement over all experimental cases. We also observed the influence of in-line restoring force power spectral density with $f^*$.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.338-353
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• 2016

Information on the surge behaviors and stall stagnation boundaries for a nine-stage axial flow compressor are summarized on the basis of analytical data in comparison with those for a single-stage one, with attention to the pressure ratio effect. The general trends of the surge loop behaviors of the pressure-mass flow are similar for both compressors including the fact that the subharmonic surges tend to appear very near the stall stagnation boundaries. With respect to the nine-stage compressor, however, the mild loops in the subharmonic surges tend to be very small in size relative to the deep loops, and at the same time, insufficient surge recovery phenomenon, which is a kind of subharmonic surge, appears also far from the stagnation boundary for relatively short delivery flow-paths. The latter is found to be a rear-stage surge caused by unstalling and re-stalling of the rear stages with the front-stages kept in stall in the stalled condition of the whole compressor, which situation is caused by stage-wise mismatching in the bottom pressure levels of the in-stall multi-stage compressor. The fundamental information on the stall stagnation boundaries is given by a group of normalized geometrical parameters including relative delivery flow-path length, relative suction flow-path length, and sectional area-pressure ratio, and by another group of normalized frequency parameters including relative surge frequencies, modified reduced resonance frequencies, and modified reduced surge frequencies. Respective groups of the normalized parameters show very similar tendency of behaviors for the nine-stage compressor and the single-stage compressor. The modified reduced resonance frequency could be the more reasonable parameter suggesting the flow-induced oscillation nature of the surge phenomena. It could give the stall stagnation boundary in a more unified manner than the Greitzer's B parameter.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 X-밴드 레이더에서 사용하는 9.385[GHz] 서큘레이터를 Y형 WR112 도파관속에 페라이트를 삽입하여 제작을 하였다. 페라이트 설계는 B/R(Below Resonance) 모드 방식을 사용하여, 페라이트 내부에서 전계 분포가 120도의 회전이 발생하는 조건과 페라이트의 내부의 직류 자계의 세기와 외부 자계의 세기를 계산하였다. 또한, 임피던스 정합을 포함하여 대역폭, 선택도, 삽입손실 등, 서큘레이터의 성능 향상을 위하여 두 개의 페라이트 사이에 같은 형태의 유전체를 삽입하였다. 최적의 페라이트 형태 및 유전체를 얻기 위하여 CST MWS를 이용하였다. 9.385[GHz]에서 시뮬레이션 결과는 정재파비 1.02, 분리도 -40dB, 삽입손실 0.2dB의 결과를 얻었고, 측정 결과는 정재파비 1.03, 분리도 -38dB, 삽입손실 1.2dB 이었다. 분리도, 정재파비는 시뮬레이션 결과와 잘 일치 하였지만, 삽입손실은 약 1dB 정도 크게 발생하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of impact conditions on the acoustic characteristics of a watermelon. The study was crucial to develop a device for nondestructive internal quality evaluation of a watermelon by an acoustic impulse response method. An impact device was constructed with a pendulum to hit the watermelon, a microphone to detect the acoustic impulse responses, and a digital oscilloscope and computer to store and analyze the data. The selected samples were Guemcheon cultivar watermelons(Citrulus Vulgaris Schrad) harvested on Oct. 20,1998. Sixty watermelons were tested on flour different types of sample holders, with four kinds of ball made of different materials, at four bevels of the angular position of the pendulum and distance from the watermelon to the microphone. Since the magnitudes of frequencies obtained by hitting with the steel and rubber ball were relatively small at the bandwidths of above 500 Hz, it was shown that the steel and rubber ball were not suitable far a hitting ball in the pendulum to get informations on internal quality of the watermelon. In case of using broth of the wood and acryl ball, almost the same and good acoustic responses were shown on the wide range of frequency bandwidth. Therefore, it seemed that the acryl ball was more suitable to the test than the wood ball in considering its mechanical properties. The acoustic characteristics of the watermelon were not shown a significant difference between the types of sample holder. The amplitudes of the acoustic signals and the magnitudes of frequencies from the whole samples increased with increase of the angular position of pendulum and with decrease of the distance from the watermelon to the microphone. However, the resonance resonance of the sample were almost the same regardless of the angular positions and the distances.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2013

Based on the dispersive feature of the dielectric function of noble metals and the wave vector conservation in physics, both the plasma effect and the complex refractive index, which are profoundly correlated to the complex dielectric function and permeability, have been studied and analyzed. The condition to induce a bulk or a surface plasma in the visible region will not be satisfied, and there will be one solution for the real and the imaginary parts of the refractive index, restricting it only to region I of the complex plane. The results given in this work will aid in understanding the properties of light transmission at the metal/dielectric interface as characterized by the law of refraction in nature.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.419-424
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• 2021

콘크리트의 압축강도 추정에 널리 사용하는 반발경도법을 이용하여 콘크리트 표면의 동해손상을 초기에 판정할 수 있는 가능성을 검토하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 동결융해 열화조건에 다면으로 노출된 콘크리트와 단면으로 노출된 콘크리트에 대하여 반발경도와 상대동탄성계수를 측정하여 콘크리트 표면 손상도를 비교하였다. 반발경도에 의한 동해손상이 단면 노출 콘크리트 시험체에 대해서는 150싸이클 빠르게 계측되었으며, 다면 노출 시험체에 대해서는 50싸이클 빠르게 계측되었다. 따라서 반발경도법이 공명진동법보다 콘크리트 표면 손상을 신속하게 판정할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다

• Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.512-527
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• 2018

This review provides a comprehensive overview of brain imaging studies of the brain-gut interaction in functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Functional neuroimaging studies during gut stimulation have shown enhanced brain responses in regions related to sensory processing of the homeostatic condition of the gut (homeostatic afferent) and responses to salience stimuli (salience network), as well as increased and decreased brain activity in the emotional response areas and reduced activation in areas associated with the top-down modulation of visceral afferent signals. Altered central regulation of the endocrine and autonomic nervous responses, the key mediators of the brain-gut axis, has been demonstrated. Studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging reported abnormal local and global connectivity in the areas related to pain processing and the default mode network (a physiological baseline of brain activity at rest associated with self-awareness and memory) in FGIDs. Structural imaging with brain morphometry and diffusion imaging demonstrated altered gray- and white-matter structures in areas that also showed changes in functional imaging studies, although this requires replication. Molecular imaging by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography in FGIDs remains relatively sparse. Progress using analytical methods such as machine learning algorithms may shift neuroimaging studies from brain mapping to predicting clinical outcomes. Because several factors contribute to the pathophysiology of FGIDs and because its population is quite heterogeneous, a new model is needed in future studies to assess the importance of the factors and brain functions that are responsible for an optimal homeostatic state.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1053-1065
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• 2018

Objective: To evaluate the clinical impact of using registration software for ablative margin assessment on pre-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and post-RFA computed tomography (CT) compared with the conventional side-by-side MR-CT visual comparison. Materials and Methods: In this Institutional Review Board-approved prospective study, 68 patients with 88 hepatocellulcar carcinomas (HCCs) who had undergone pre-RFA MRI were enrolled. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Pre-RFA MRI and post-RFA CT images were analyzed to evaluate the presence of a sufficient safety margin (${\geq}3mm$) in two separate sessions using either side-by-side visual comparison or non-rigid registration software. Patients with an insufficient ablative margin on either one or both methods underwent additional treatment depending on the technical feasibility and patient's condition. Then, ablative margins were re-assessed using both methods. Local tumor progression (LTP) rates were compared between the sufficient and insufficient margin groups in each method. Results: The two methods showed 14.8% (13/88) discordance in estimating sufficient ablative margins. On registration software-assisted inspection, patients with insufficient ablative margins showed a significantly higher 5-year LTP rate than those with sufficient ablative margins (66.7% vs. 27.0%, p = 0.004). However, classification by visual inspection alone did not reveal a significant difference in 5-year LTP between the two groups (28.6% vs. 30.5%, p = 0.79). Conclusion: Registration software provided better ablative margin assessment than did visual inspection in patients with HCCs who had undergone pre-RFA MRI and post-RFA CT for prediction of LTP after RFA and may provide more precise risk stratification of those who are treated with RFA.