• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2001

Objectives: The clinical efficacy of the color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound with spectral waveform analysis for differentiation of malignant from benign cervical lymphadenopathy was prospectively evaluated in cervical lymphadenopathy. Materials and Methods: Color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound examination was prospectively performed in 32 cervical lymph nodes in 28 patients. These 10 nodes from 10 patients were malignant and 22 nodes from 18 patients were benign, proved by operation, biopsy, and follow-up examination. Another 12 lymph nodes from 12 normal volunteers were evaluated as control group. The peak systolic velocity (PSV), minimal diastolic velocity (MDV) , and resistive indexes (RI) of arterial flows within the 32 lymph nodes were assessed to differentiate the malignant from benign nodes with pulsed Doppler ultrasonography. The results were qualitified with one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni method of multiple comparison. Results: The mean values of PSV of malignant, benign, and control nodes were 38.2(10.1-134)cm/sec, 23.3(9-38.5) cm/sec and 11.8(6.7-18.1) cm/sec, respectively. The mean values of MDV of them were 0.9(-7.5-10.7)cm/sec, 9.7(2.9-18.6)cm/sec and 6.5(3.7-9.3)cm/sec, respectively. However, there was no statistical significance in differentiation of malignant from benign nodes with PSV and MDV. The mean values of RI of malignant, benign, and control nodes were 0.99(0.80-1.30), 0.59(0.46-0.77) and 0.45(0.38-0.50), respectively. RI value of 0.8 is suggestive value for discrimination of malignant from benign lymphadenopathy during examination of color Doppler ultrasound of cervical lymphadenopathy. Conclusion: Color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound examination with spectral waveform analysis may be quite helpful in the differentiation between benign and malignant alterations of cervical lymph nodes.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

We fabricated a closed coils by using resistive-joint method and the joint resistance of the coils were estimated by field decay technique in liquid nitrogen. We used the Runge-kutta method for the numerical analysis to calculate the decay properties. The closed coil was wound by $(Bi,Pb)_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_x$/Ag tape. Both ends the tape were overlapped and soldered to each other. The current was induced in a closed coils by external magnetic flux density. Its decay characteristic was observed by means of measuring the magnetic flux density generated by induced current at the center of the closed coil with hall sensor. The joint resistance was calculated as the ratio of the inductance of the loop to the time constants. The joint resistances were evaluated as a function of critical current of loop, contact length, sweep time, and external magnetic flux density in a contact length of 7 cm. It was observed that joint resistance was dependent on contact length of a closed coil, but independent of critical current, sweep time, and external magnetic flux density. The joint resistance was measured to be higher for a standard four-probe method, compared with that for the field decay technique. This implies that noise of measurement in a standard four-probe method is larger than that of field decay technique. It was estimated that joint resistance was $8.0{\times}10^{-9}{\Omega}$ to $11.4{\times}10^{-9}{\Omega}$ for coils of contact length for 7 cm. It was found that 40Pb/60Sn solder are unsuitable for persistent mode.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.78-84
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the hemodynamic risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), we analyzed the characteristics of descending aorta (DA) blood flow in preterm neonates, who later developed NEC. Methods: This was an observational case-control study on 53 preterm neonates at a tertiary referral center. Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected from 23 preterm neonates with NEC (NEC group), and compared with those of 30 preterm neonates without NEC (control group). Echocardiography was done at a median (interquartile range) of 5 (3-9) days after birth and 2 (1-2.5) days before the diagnosis of NEC. Results: Basic clinical characteristics including gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, breast feeding status, use of umbilical catheters, and mode of invasive ventilator care were similar between the groups. Compared with the control group, the lowest diastolic velocity of DA was significantly decreased, whereas the diastolic reverse flow and the ratio of diastolic reverse to systolic forward flows were significantly increased in the NEC group. In addition, the resistive index (RI) of DA was significantly increased in the NEC group and showed a positive association with the development of NEC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increasing RI of DA was an independent risk factor for the development of NEC (P=0.008). Conclusion: Significant changes in DA flow characteristics including decreased diastolic velocity and increased diastolic reverse flow along with increased peripheral vascular resistance were observed before the development of NEC in preterm neonates. These findings may help clinicians stratify in advance neonates at a risk of developing NEC and may help improve outcomes in these neonates.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.257-262
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• 2008

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury is great clinical important because viability of the transplanted organ depends on the tolerance of the graft to ischemia-reperfusion injury, an inevitable processing during surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of irrigation-aspiration in ischemia-reperfusion injury model induced by cross-clamping of renal vessels. Blood samples were collected from these dogs for measurement of kidney function and antioxidant enzyme activity, and RI at the intrarenal artery was measured at different time intervals. And the kidneys were taken for histopathologic evaluation at day 14. Kidney function (Cr and BUN) showed a significant increasing in untreated group compared to treated group. Resistive index of intrarenal artery was no significant difference among the groups. Activity of antioxidant enzymes in plasma was significant decrease in untreated group compare to control group while in treated group was no significant difference compared to control group. In histopathologic finding, treated group was showed less damage than that of untreated group. This result suggests that the processing of irrigation-aspiration is useful to reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.37-47
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• 2017

Background: Active trigger points (TrPs) of the suboccipital muscles greatly contribute to the occurrence of chronic tension-type headache, with increased sensitivity of TrPs and facilitated referred pain. Objects: This study aimed to investigate whether the integration of high-frequency diathermy into suboccipital release is more beneficial than the use of suboccipital release alone. Methods: Thirty subjects were assigned to either experimental group-1 (EG-1) to undergo suboccipital release combined with high-frequency diathermy (frequency: 0.3 MHz, and electrode type: resistive electronic transfer), or EG-2 to undergo suboccipital release alone, or the control group (CG) with no intervention, with 10 subjects in each group. The assessment tools included the headache impact test 6 (HIT-6), perceived level of tenderness, neck disability index, and neck mobility. Intervention was performed for 10 minutes, twice per week, for 4 weeks, and measurements were performed before and after the interventions. Results: The between-group comparison of the post-test values and changes between pretest and post-test showed significant differences for all parameters at p<.05, except for the left-to-right lateral bending range. In the post hoc test, EG-1 showed significant differences for the parameters in comparison with the CG, while no significant differences in the perceived tenderness level, on both temporal regions, were found between EG-2 and CG. Furthermore, the HIT-6 score and perceived tenderness level, in the right temporal region, showed significant differences between EG-1 and EG-2. In the within-group comparison, EG-1 and EG-2 appeared to be significantly different between pretest and post-test (p<.05), except for the perceived tenderness level in the right temporal region, with significance for the EG-1 group only (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the suboccipital release technique may be advantageous to improve headache, tenderness, and neck function and mobility, with more favorable effects with the incorporation of high-frequency diathermy.