• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.184-192
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• 2017

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to evaluate the residue dissipation of boscalid and spinetoram on crown daisy and sweet pepper affected by the morphology of the crop. The half-lives and dissipation rate constants for boscalid and spinetoram on crown daisy and sweet pepper were calculated. And then lower limit of 95% confidence interval for dissipation rate constant could be used to propose the pre-harvest residue limit. METHODS AND RESULTS: The pesticide products diluted according to the pesticide label were applied one time on crown daisy and sweet pepper at 2 field sites, respectively. Initial concentration of boscalid and spinetoram on crown daisy after application were in the range of 72.80~117.15 mg/kg and 2.82~4.67 mg/kg, respectively. And Initial concentration of boscalid and spinetoram on sweet pepper were in the range of 1.58~1.62 mg/kg and 0.10~0.21 mg/kg, respectively. Boscalid and spinetoram for crown daisy dissipted below the maximum residue limit(MRL) at 10 and 2 days after application, respectively. All residues concentration of boscalid and spinetoram for sweet pepper below the MRL at 0 day after application. The half-lives based on dissipation rate constant for boscalid and spinetoram on crown daisy were 4.2~4.9 days and 3.0~2.4 days respectively. And the half-lives for boscalid and spinetoram on sweet pepper were 6.7~7.0 days and 2.8~4.0 days respectively. CONCLUSION: The difference in initial concentration of boscalid and spinetoram among crop commodities were due to different crop morphology with larger surface areas. This study was suggested that pre-harvest residue limit would be calculated from lower limit of 95% confidence interval for dissipation rate constant and would be useful to protect consumers by controlling the pesticide residues in crop.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1988년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.662-665
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• 1988

This paper proposes the Minimum-Distance Classification(MDC) processor using the Residue Number System(RNS). The proposed MDC Processor in this paper is efficient for real-time pattern clustering application and illustrate satisfiable error rate in application experiments of image segmentation but error rate increase as cluster number do.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

Most of the herb residue producing from oriental medical clinics(OMC) and hospitals(OMH) is wasted in Korea. To develop of adsorbent for removing heavy metal from wastewater, the various pre-treatment methods of the herb residue were evaluated by potentiometric titration, Freundlich isotherm adsorption test and the kinetic adsorption test. The herb residue was pre-treated for increasing the adsorption capacity by cleaning with distilled water, 0.1 N HCl and 0.1 N NaOH and by heating at $370^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. It showed a typical weak acid-weak base titration curve and a short pH break like commercial activated carbon during photentiometric titration of pre-treated herb residue. The log-log plots in the Freundlich isotherm test were linear on the herb residue pre-treated with NaOH or HCl like commercial activated carbon. The adsorption capacity(qe) in the Freundlich isotherm test for $Cr^{6+}$ was 1.5 times higher in the pre-treated herb residue with HCl than in activated carbon. On the other hand the herb residue pre-treated with NaOH showed the good adsorption capacities for $Pb^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$ and $Cd^{2+}$ even though those adsorption capacities were lower than that of activated carbon. In kinetic test, most of heavy metals removed within the first 10 min of contact and then approached to equilibrium with increasing contact time. The removal rate of heavy metals increased with an increase of the amount of adsorbent. Likewise, the removal rates of heavy metals were higher in the herb residue pre-treated with NaOH than in that pre-treated with HCl. The adsorption preference of herb residues pre-treated with NaOH or HCl was $Pb^{2+}>Cu^{2+}$ or $Cd^{2+}>Cr^{6+}$ in the order. Conclusively, the herb residue can be used as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals depending on pr-treatment methods.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.96-100
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• 1996

In this experiment, germination test of ginseng seed and growth test of two year old ginseng in soil incorporated with quinclorac (3,7-Dichloro-8-quinoline carboxylic acid) were conducted to evaluate phytotoxicity caused by quinclorac residue in soil. Ginseng seed germiilation was hardly affected, but growth of ginseng seedling was retarded by quinclorac. The phytotoxicity of quinclorac on ginseng seedling was expressed at the lowest level tested, 3.75 g a.i./10a (118 of recommended rate for rice cultivation). The representative phytotoxicity in ginseng were decreased root weight, shortened leaf width and leaf length, and weak lateral root Quinclorac residue decreased by 1/4 in pot soil after 2 months and below 2 ppm in the paddy soil applied at usual rate (30 g a.i./10a) after 1∼ 2 years. Below 2 ppd ginseng did not show any phytotoxicity symptom.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1997

Mandarin orange fruits were artificially contaminated with an organophosphorus insecticide phenthoate by dipping and the residue level of phenthoate was investigated during the purification steps of dietary fiber or bioflavonoid. The removal rate of phenthoate at 8 and 0.5 ppm levels was 98% in the total dietary fiber, 99% in the insoluble dietary fiber and 99.8% in the soluble dietary fiber preparations. Kuring the preparation of biflavonoid from peels at a 5 ppm pesticide level, the removal rate was 90% in the intermediate extract and 99.9% in the final extract. In conclusion, phenthoate residues in the peels of mandarin orange were mostly removed during the preparation processes of dietary fiber of bioflavonoid and its residue level would not raise any problem in safety aspects of the purified products.

• 에너지공학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.268-276
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• 2005

액체연료(중유)공급량 기준 20kg/hr규모의 반응로에서 증기분무 내부 혼합식 노즐을 이용하여 잔사유의 연소실험을 수행하였다. 본 실험에서 사용한 감압 잔사유는 점도가 높고 황함량, 잔류탄소와 금속성분의 함량도 높았다. 잔사유의 착화를 위해서는 반응로를 일정온도까지 예열하여야 했으며 이는 LPG를 이용하였다. 잔사유 공급량을 변화시키면서 축방향 및 반경방향의 로내 가스 온도, 주요 가스농도 및 채집된 고체 입자를 분석하였다. 잔사유의 주반응영역은 버너 팁으로부터 약 1 m 근방에서 형성되었으며 이는 축방향 가스 온도, 농도 분포 및 입자의 크기로부터 확인할 수 있었고, 반응로의 하류에서는 완전 확립된 온도분포를 보여주고 있었다. 고체 입자의 SEM 분석으로부터 잔류 탄소입자는 기공이 많은 형태를 띠고 있었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.453-461
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• 2009

Killifish (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to an organophosphate pesticide, pirimiphos-methyl, in a flow-through system to determine the bioconcentration factor (BCF) following GLP (Good Laboratory Practice). This study was conducted at two different concentrations (1 and $10\;{\mu}$g/L) of $^{14}C$-labeled pirimiphos-methyl for 28 days uptake and 14 days depuration according to the OECD 305 test guideline. The $BCF_{ss}$ for total radioactive residues in whole fish were 1,251 and 1,277 for low and high concentrations, respectively. The $BCF_k$ based on the uptake and depuration rate constants were 1,200 for both low and high concentrations. During the depuration phase, the accumulated test substance was rapidly depurated from fish. Greater than 95% of the residue at steady-state was depurated after 2 days. Although the measured BCF values were high, pirimiphos-methyl could be evaluated as a low risk from bioaccumulation by aquatic organisms due to the short depuration period and low amount of bound residue (1.5%). We suggest that in evaluating bioaccumulation, not only the BCF should be considered, but also depuration time and bound residue in aquatic organisms give an indication of the potential environmental risks.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the residue amount of pesticide on the 41 medicinal herbs in Daejeon area. This study was carried out to monitor the current status of pesticide residues in commercial medicinal herbs for sale of food use in 2012. It was performed using GC/ECD, GC/NPD, HPLC to analyze pesticides residues. Residues of 283 pesticides were analyzed by a simultaneous multiresidue method in 41 medicinal herbs being on sale in Daejeon. The medicinal herbs detected pesticides in 10 of 41 cases, showed a detection rate of 24.39%. The medicinal herbs which exceed the maximum residue limit were five cases as Cnidii Rhizoma, Osterici Radix, Artemisiae Capillaris Herba, Zizyphi Fructus and Alismatis Rhizoma. And pesticide residue of Cnidii Rhizoma and Alismatis Rhizoma exceeds the limit standard presented in only medicine use of KFDA. The residual pesticides which had the high detection rate were Chlopyrifos, Tebuconazole and Endosulfan in the detection of medicinal herbs. For further research, standards of Pesticide Residues in medicinal herbs should be added and more research of pesticide residues in medicinal herbs required. And standards of pesticide residues in medicinal herbs should be applied equally as medicines and food.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2009

This study was conducted to know the biological half-lives and dissipation patterns of fungicides, pyrimethanil, chlorothalonil and tetraconazole in Korean melon under green house condition. The instrument for analyzing pyrimethanil and chlorothalonil was HPLC equipped with UV detector. Initial residue amounts of pyrimethanil were 0.16 mg/kg at recommended rate and 0.28 mg/kg at double recommended rate in Korean melon. The biological half-lives of pyrimethanil were 11.2 days at recommended rate and 10.1 days at double recommended rate in Korean melon. In case of chlorothalonil, initial residue amounts of chlorothalonil were 0.06 mg/kg at recommended and 0.11 mg/kg at double recommended rate in Korean melon. The biological half-lives of chlorothalonil in Korean melon were 3.4 days at recommended rate and 6.6 days at double recommended rate. The instrument for analyzing tetraconazole was GLC equipped with electron capture detector. Initial residue amounts of tetraconazole were 0.14 mg/kg at recommended and 0.22 mg/kg at double recommended rate in Korean melon, respectively. The biological half-lives of tetraconazole were 9.6 days at recommended rate and 18.5 days at double recommended rate in Korean melon.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2016

Winter crops have been recognized as an alternative to soil management for fertility and crop productivity in paddy soil. Recently, rape has been produced at winter season and there is little research results on reduction of N fertilizer by adding rape residues for rice cultivation. In this study, we investigated the productivity and quality of rice by applying with 0, 27, 63, $90kg\;ha^{-1}$ of N fertilizer after input of rape residues into soil for two years. The highest yield of rice was average $4.68Mg\;ha^{-1}$ at the treatment applied with the $90kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ with rape residue. It was reduced to N rate from 31.6 to $43.2kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ in comparison to $4.53Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of maximum yield in treatment added $90kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ with rape. Amylose content in rice was similar among treatments with/without rape residue, but protein content was lower in treatment with rape residue than in those without rape residue. In conclusion, input of rape residue in rice cultivation could be alternative to reduction of N fertilization and improvement of quality by adjusting rice productivity in paddy soil under cropping system.