• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.35 no.9
• /
• pp.131-142
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristics of housing policies and apartment designs by comparison of supplying and remodeling apartments between France and Korea. The literature review was used in Korea cases and the literature review, site investigation, and expert interviews were used in France cases. At first, by reviewing the related literatures about the apartment developments and regenerations in France and Korea, twelve remodeling cases were represented respectively in Ile de France and Seoul. As a result, in housing policy, the Korean housing market had a shortage of low-priced houses related to biased apartment developments by private sector dependence. Consequently, the living in Korea generally required the high price in low quality houses. But in France, the housing policies were very successful in housing quantity, quality, and expense. It is involved in balances between the public housing supply and the activation of a private housing market based on the government support policy. Nevertheless, in the success of the apartment as a house type, apartments in France means the social elimination because of the supply method problems and the management failures of HLM institutions. However, in Korea, the apartment implies the successful life of the middle class population because of the competitive evolutions during 40 years as a market housing. Secondly, In the characteristics of remodeling, the remodeling in Korea was for property value improvements. It mainly executed to expand the size of a house by expansion of living space. However the remodeling in France was for social mixes and connections with the surrounding area. It mostly performed by various design methods such as vertical merging houses, partial removal, reconstruction, and construction of a local community centers and mixed-use residential buildings. This study shows the simultaneously remodeling features of those two countries. These findings can be used in developing effective strategies for the public housing regenerations in Korea and other countries.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
• /
• v.35 no.10
• /
• pp.217-223
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to measure the indoor air quality of small-scale apartments and then proposed a method to improve the indoor air quality of the small-scale apartments by comparing with the result of indoor air quality in the Clean-Healthy House. In case of formaldehyde, a highly volatile organic compound, the concentrations of indoor measured both in small-scale apartments and the Clean Healthy houses did not exceed- the guideline of Korea. The guideline of Korea for acetaldehyde was not available, so the guidelines of Japan and the World Health Organization were used to measure the concentration of acetaldehyde. The study results demonstrated that three out of seven small-scale apartments investigated exceeded the guideline of Japan; and the preliminary research on the Clean-Health Houses was low at about 30-60% of the guideline of Japan. The result of the VOCs measurement showed that toluene, ethylbenzene, and styrene in some small-scale apartments exceeded the guideline of Korea. However, the Clean-Healthy Houses in the previous studies did not exceed the guideline of Korea with regard to all the pollutants. Therefore, this study suggests the application of the construction standards of the Clean-Healthy house in order to improve the indoor air quality of small-scale apartments. In addition, the current study anticipates that improvement of the indoor air quality in the residential environments should be universally applied, not limited to the type and size of the residence.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.441-450
• /
• 2021

Objectives: Socioeconomic disadvantages interact with numerous factors which affect geriatric mental health. One of the main factors is the social relations of the elderly. The elderly have different experiences and meanings in their social lives depending on their socio-cultural environment. In this study, we compared the effects of social relations on depression among the elderly according to their living arrangement (living alone or living with others) and residential area. Methods: We defined social relations as "meetings with neighbors" (MN). We then analyzed the impact of MN on depression using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging Panel with the generalized estimating equation model. We also examined the moderating effect of living alone and performed subgroup analysis by dividing the sample according to which area they lived in. Results: MN was associated with a reduced risk of depressive symptoms among elderlies. The size of the effect was larger in rural areas than in large cities. However, elderly those who lived alone in rural areas had a smaller protective impact of MN on depression, comparing to those who lived with others. The moderating effect of living alone was significant only in rural areas. Conclusions: The social relations among elderlies had a positive effect on their mental health: The more frequent MN were held, the less risk of depressive symptoms occurred. However, the effect may vary depending on their living arrangement and environment. Thus, policies or programs targeting to enhance geriatric mental health should consider different socio-cultural backgrounds among elderlies.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.35-45
• /
• 2022

In this paper, we modeled the devices used easily in PV system circuits. In addition, for full operation of the photovoltaic system, a complete operation system for the DC-DC buck-boost converter and the MPPT control system was modeled and simulated to confirm good operation. we were constructed an actual system with the same conditions in the simulation and experimented. The purpose is to confirm the stable power supply through the load leveling by presenting the PCS considering ESS of photovoltaic power generation. we will do study to apply hybrid capacitors that have high energy density to the same size compared to the EDLC to DVR. As a result, we proposed a single-phase 3 kW grid-connected solar power converter.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.14 no.11
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 2009

In this paper, a methodology for the risk probability map generation of the crime prevention to be subject to the urban area in the group residential area is presented. The interpretation key is set up to the distinctive feature distinguishing with the unaided eye based on the object composing with the urban area information such as the topology, the facility, and the characteristic information of the corresponding area by analyzing the crime prevention case occurred by gone. This interpretation key is generated, and this information is applied to another area equally, and so, the risk probability map for the crime prevention and the disaster prevention is generated. At this time, the object interpretation key for the urban area information is divided into the various size cell by the crime prevention case. and the risk index according with this cell is set up. Also, the generated various risk probability map is unified, and the integration risk probability map is generated.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.759-778
• /
• 2010

The purposes of this study were to identify living behavioral patterns in of single or couple elderly households in residential environment, to find out ubiquitous home services for the elders, and finally to suggest the ubiquitous home services according to each household's type. For this study, literature review, field works for ubiquitous home services for the elders, and in-depth interview and observation by 74 elderly participants were conducted. The major findings of the study were as follows: single or spouse elderly households were classified into 8 types according to the combination of their household types, income level, and health status. Among 8 types, 2 types were excluded for final analysis due to small sample size. Living behavioral characteristics of 6 types were analyzed and the behavioral pattern of each type was drawn. Based on this behavioral pattern of each type, ubiquitous home services which meet the needs of each type were suggested. The implications and limitations of this study were also discussed and the suggestions for further studies were recommended.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.627-636
• /
• 2023

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the global population has experienced drastic changes, one of which is the increase in remote work. Given the ongoing possibility of exposure to infectious diseases and various other circumstances, the expansion of remote work is anticipated. To enhance the efficiency of remote work and address its existing limitations, this study surveyed the perceptions of indoor environments among individuals who worked from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study examined how the characteristics of individuals influenced their perceptions of indoor environments. It was found that the number of occupants and rooms, size of the house, and noise sensitivity affected the perceptions of outdoor noise, neighbor noise, and indoor noise caused by cohabitants. The findings can be used as foundational data for designing multipurpose housing that can be utilized not only for residential purposes but also for work and educational settings in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2024

This study was conducted to identify the pollutants generated by the fuel complex and to determine the health effects of the surrounding residents. In addition, based on the results of epidemiological surveys and health impact surveys of local residents, we analyze the distribution of patient groups and exposure characteristics according to the distance from the fuel complex boundary. Samples were collected from the briquette plant within the fuel complex and analyzed by SEM-EDXA, X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer, and ICP. In addition, the distribution of patients and exposure characteristics were analyzed according to the distance from the fuel complex and yard boundaries. Analysis of briquette samples from the fuel complex showed that the average particle size was 10-30 ㎛, the shape was irregular, and SiO₂ accounted for more than 50%. It is believed that silica, which causes pneumoconiosis, may have been scattered into the air. In particular, there was a large distribution of 5 ㎛ particles that affect respiratory diseases. According to the analysis of the residential addresses and distribution of pneumoconiosis cases, many pneumoconiosis cases were located in the area between 200 and 500 meters from the boundary of the fuel complex. In addition, 28 pneumoconiosis cases were identified as a result of the epidemiological survey and health impact survey at the fuel complex. In detail, there were 8 cases of occupational pneumoconiosis, 6 cases of environmental pneumoconiosis, and 14 cases of occupational and environmental pneumoconiosis. The confirmed pneumoconiosis cases were located between 0.3 and 1.1 kilometers from the fuel complex. It was found that environmental pollutants generated by the fuel complex adversely affect the health of local residents. In particular, there are many cases of pneumoconiosis in the area between 200 and 500 meters from the boundary of the fuel complex, and this distance is considered to be the direct and indirect impact zone of the briquette plant.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.633-641
• /
• 2011

The Philippines is known for its abundant water resources such as the rainfall, where it has a mean annual rainfall range from 965 to 4,100mm. Due to the rapid urbanization of the country, the population in Metro Manila has been continuously increasing hence, the demand for a potable water supply also increases. To mitigate the scarcity of potable water supply, utilization of the water resources should be practiced. Rainwater harvesting is one way to utilize the rainfall runoff. This study analyzedthe potentiality of the rainwater harvesting on residential areas in Metro Manila. A water balance method based spreadsheet was used with input parameters including daily rainfall, catchment area, runoff coefficient, population and the water demand. The efficiency of the domestic water tank was analyzedusing the three different climatic conditions (i.e., minimum, median andmaximum annual rainfalls) and three different types of toilets (i.e., inefficient, conventional and dual-flush toilets). Furthermore, the overflow volume was used to determine which size of rainwater storage was more appropriate for the study area. The results of the study showed that for the three types of rainfall years, only the conventional and dual-flush toilets were suitable for the utilization of rainwater harvesting. The utilization of the $60m^3$ storage tank was sufficient for supplying the demandsof the 90 houses only for a small period of time, 3 months. Based from this study, to fully sustain the long-term water demand of the houses, the enlargement of the tank size having a capacity of 1,100 to $2,500m^3$ is ideal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2010

The rapid economic development induced the massive road constructions, becoming bigger and high-speed of the vehicles. However, it brings lots of social problems, such as air pollutions, traffic noise and vibration. Special concrete block for the base course of asphalt pavement is needed to decrease traffic noise such as tire's explosive and vehicles sound, applying Helmholtz Resonators theory to asphalt pavement. If it is applied to the area where it happens considerable noise such as a junction, the street of a housing complex and a residential street, it is one of considerable method to solve the social requirements of noise problem. This research examines couple of laboratory tests for the sound absorption effect of the concrete block and the base concrete block. There are specimens which is fixed hall-size, space, depth as the condition of this research, and these are analysed of noise decrease effect using different condition of the first noise of each vehicle. As a result of analysis data according to vehicle noise volume, measurement distance, a form and size of the hall using the base concrete block, the use of special concrete base showed a good alternative solution for decreasing traffic noise level, from 4 dB to 9 dB.