• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.94-105
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• 2010

Recently, resettlement problems of low income groups in the urban regeneration area have been issued in Korea because they have no capability to purchase (or lease) redeveloped housing (or apartment). There are several approaches for supplying affordable housing and one of these is the bidding system which can reduce construction cost. However, the lowest bidding system has many problems such as dumping and substandard quality. In this context, this study proposed bidding system based on technical proposal applying the concept of the lowest total combined bid price for optimization of bid price, reduction of construction cost and period, and maintenance of suitable quality. This bidding system embraces the best value and cost plus time concept on the basis of an improved lowest price bidding system. It consists of the following components: work unit based, project unit based, and period reducing technical proposals. The proposed bidding system for determining bidders are designed to evaluate the adequacy of each technical proposal in the order of the combined minimum price in an effort to effectively optimize bid prices and reduce the construction periods, as well as to maintain a minimum appropriate quality.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1455-1463
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• 2006

Effects of different levels of molasses in a concentrate supplement on milk yield of cows grazing Setaria grass pastures were investigated. Thirty Friesian cows, 6-7 years old with mean pre-experimental body weight of $428{\pm}6.5$ kg, in early stage of lactation were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design experiment that lasted for 126 days. Experimental dietary treatments were forage alone and forage/concentrate mixtures with molasses included at 0, 5, 10 or 15% levels designated as $T_1$, $T_2$, $T_3$, $T_4$ and $T_5$, respectively. The parameters studied were voluntary dry matter (DM) intake, average daily live weight change (LWC), milk yield, body condition score (BCS) and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients. The DM and energy contents of Setaria grass were low compared to the concentrate diets. Fibre fractions-NDF, ADF, ADL, hemicellulose and cellulose; and gross energy were higher in concentrate mixtures than in the forage. Total DM intake (forage+concentrate mixtures) was significantly higher (p<0.001) in cows on the concentrate mixtures. LWC was not significantly different (p>0.05) between the cows. Average milk yields were significantly different (p<0.05) between cows. Fat corrected milk (FCM) was similar among cows in the treatments. BCS was better (p<0.001) in cows on concentrate mixtures. Digestibilities of DM, CP, NDF, ADF, ADL, OM, and energy were significantly higher (p<0.001) in cows on $T_2$, $T_3$, $T_4$ and $T_5$ than in those on $T_1$. There were no significant differences in the digestibility of DM, CP, NDF, ADF and ADL (p>0.001) in cows on concentrate mixtures. This study therefore demonstrated that lactating dairy cows in Fiji need a level of readily fermented energy source such as molasses in their diets; however, a level above 10% is not nutritionally suitable for lactating dairy cows. Based on data on production parameters-milk yield, fat corrected milk, body condition score and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients-molasses levels that range between 5-10% are recommended, however, 10% is the best and therefore recommended for inclusion in the concentrate mixture of lactating dairy cows on a basal diet of Setaria sphacelata in Fiji.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.173-184
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• 2011

This study suggests the invigoration strategies of commercial and business functions for regeneration of old inner city as city center by examining Dangjin County which is a typical example of the local small-and-medium city where old inner city had declined as the city grew. I conducted a conjoint analysis in terms of important introduction functions and city regeneration directions for the invigoration. The results upon this are as follows. First, low-density of commercial and business places and the utilization of historical and cultural resources instead of the high-density mixed-use development should be considered. Second, It is important to promote regional specialized business and facilities rather than to attract new industry(high-tech industry) for activating local economy. Third, specific and practical countermeasures for resettlement of low-incomes and for maintenance of existing business zone should be established. Fourth, in terms of the maintenance and management, regulation on illegal commercial transactions, improvement of public spaces, and securement of user safety should be considered. Fifth, in terms of consolidation of functions, easier accessibility using public transportations, advertising and promotion of the city, and holding a number of events should be contemplated. Sixth, supporting for business activities and for establishing guides for design of old inner city should be needed. Seventh, public institutions should play a role as a bridge between local residences and experts for balanced regional development.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.152-163
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• 2009

This study identified characteristics of households in Seo Geumsa based on factors related to how well each household understood and agreed or disagreed with the Newtown project and the resettlement process that is required to establish the renewal promotion plan. To this end, the authors applied the unit of spatial analysis developed by Tong, segmented the land intended for large-scale development, and then developed a method for analyzing and comparing the segmented lands by certain characteristics. The results of the survey were analyzed in three stages: the characteristics of districts; the relationships between agreement and disagreement factors and differences among segmented districts. And, to assess districts with features that differed from the overall features of households in renewal districts, the authors developed a two-way stage division plan and conducted a cluster analysis. The authors analyzed districts with individual characteristics based on the household features developed by Tong, and then analyzed the features of household distribution in these districts along with spatial location.

• The Journal of Korean-Japanese National Studies
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• no.34
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• pp.77-123
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• 2018

The liberated korea has the estimated population 16 million in 1945, and added 2.5 million just after an year. The korean repatriates returned by way of 2 main routes. The returnees, Wol-Nam-Min(former residents in north korea), and repatriates from Manchuria came into south korea over the 38th division line. The other repatriates from japanese islands and pacific areas came into Busan port and the vicinity. The repatriates who returned from the China and the Japanese islands made up about 80% of the total added population. However, the influx of overseas repatriates who explosively increased between 1945 and 1946, declined abruptly in April of 1946, and at last illegal re-emigration group to Manchuria and Japan Appeared, who had repatriated from those areas. This study deals with the "re-migration phenomenon of 1946" in korea, mainly focuses on 1) the motivation for those who decided to remigrate, their prospects of resettlement in Manchuria and post war japan after re-migration, 2) the structural problems of the Korean society in 1946-1947, and 3) the social recognition for the people who letf for Manchuria and Japan. This study proved the cause and background of re-migration phenomenon. The Manchuria case, the local authorities wanted farmers and peasants who could cultivate the abandoned land which had been originally pioneered and reclaimed by korean poor peasants, who repatriated to korean peninsula. On the other hand, the korean repatriates had a hard time in tenanting farmland, and so much difficulty in getting farming tools including fertilizer. That's why they left korea for Manchuria again. The Japanese case, the korean repatriates had a tough life owing to the restriction of properties left in japan, while the inflation and food shortage in korea got worse and worst. Accordingly, many koreans tried illegal entrance into post war japan. This study is a part of clarifying the universality and specificity of post war repatriation and migration issues developed in the south Korea. Through this study, we can find how difficult it is for newly liberated areas to accommodate repatriates and make them ordinary nationals in harmonic way with successful social integration. and we can observe the social aspect and administrative ability of newly liberated south korea in detail, Because the present korea has faced with so many problems connected with immigration workers and re-setting with korean communities abroad, we should introspect these historical experience of our own.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.44
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• pp.757-799
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• 2013

Ever since Korea and Vietnam reestablished diplomatic relations, the two countries'bond has become stronger than ever, augmenting the range of exchange between them in almost every possible field including politics, economy, society, and culture at such a high speed. Among many, an increase in number of Vietnamese immigrant women in international marriage is worthy of close attention. Since 2010, Vietnamese has topped the proportion of total foreign women married to Korean men, having surpassed Chinese. Nonetheless, the quick international marriage between Korean men and Vietnamese women, which usually happens without sufficient time to get to know about different cultures and languages, has not only raised problems for people concerned, but numerous social issues as well. Recognizing these problems, a number of government departments have provided various support on policies and legal issues toprotect multicultural families as a means of social integration and settlement support. Nevertheless, the support policies until now have been generalizing all of the immigrant women in international marriage as people subject to protection. Thus, considering every immigrant women as people in need, and trying to help them with various social issues have caused the government a high cost and low efficiency. This thesis emphasizes the point that through the cases of Vietnamese immigrant women in international marriage, there should be a specific support plan for specific people in need, reflecting various traits of different cultures and societies, in order to ease their settlement in Korea. Moreover, it suggests detailed plans for improvements on legal and institutional problems. Although the Vietnamese government forbids commercial agents for international marriage, many of agencies are still active and to help the immigrant women, who desire to return and resettle in Vietnam in case of divorce, this thesis suggests legal and institutional remedies for Korean and Vietnamese government. The composition of the thesis follows below: Part II on social and cultural traits of international marriage between Korean men and Vietnamese women. Part III on institutional problems and plans for improvements regarding settlement of immigrant women in international marriage. Part IV on legal and institutional problems and plans for improvements regarding divorced immigrant women and their return to Vietnam. Part V on conclusion. Divorce is not a flaw anymore nowadays, but in case of Vietnamese immigrant women ininternational marriage, an inadequate legal system hampers their resettlement process. Cases of not being ableto remove their own names from the family register due to poor financial and legal abilities are often identified and it is both the Vietnamese and Korean governments'duty to acquit their ethical responsibilities by seeking ways to institutionally and financially support them.