• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.417-419
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• 2005

This paper presents the effects and the regional power distribution of an increase or a decrease of a power reserve by load flow calculations under seasonal load patterns of each country for the future power shortages faced by the metropolitan areas or by the southeastern area of the South Korea in North-East Asia. In these connections, the types of a power transmission for interconnection consist of the 765kV HVAC and the HVDC. In this paper, the various cases of the power system interconnections in Far-East Asia are presented, and the resulting interconnected power systems are simulated by means of a power flow analysis performed with the PSS/E 28 version tool. The power flow map is drawn from data simulated and the comparative study is done. In this future, a power flow analysis will be considered to reflect the effects of seasonal power exchanges And the plan of assumed scenarios will be considered with maximum or minimum power exchanges during summer or winter in North-East Asia countries.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2008

최근 전력수요의 높은 증가율로 인하여 전력계통에 가장 안정적으로 전력을 공급하기 위한 적정예비력을 얼마만큼을 가져야 할 것인가? 하는 필요성이 강조되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 연도별 계통규모와 예비력 및 예비율의 변화 풍향 분석을 통하여 계통규모가 증가할수록 적정 예비력은 증가하고 있는 반면에 예비율은 하락하는 추세를 보이고 있는 것을 분석하였다. 이 자료를 관계로 현재시점에서 단기 전력수급전망에 적용되는 공급예비력으로 산정한 600만[kW]는 적정수준이라 여겨진다. 또한 최대전력수요가 5,000만[kW]를 넘어서면서 적정수준인 $10{\sim}12[%]$ 예비율 보다는 적정수준의 예비력을 산정하여 적용하는 것이 전력계통을 경제적이고 안정적으로 운영할 수 있다고 분석되었다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2006

전기에너지는 저장성이 없기 때문에 부하의 불규칙적인 변화에 대한 실시간 대처가 어렵다. 그 중 전력 계통의 대규모 공급지장에 대비하여 안정적인 공급을 위해서 예비력을 운영하고 있다. 그러나 예비력을 운영함으로써 전력계통 전체에 경제적 손실이 발생하는데 이를 최소화하기 위해서는 적정예비력 확보와 적절한 가격보상이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 예비력시장을 운영함으로써 발생하는 기회비용을 반영하여 에너지와 예비력 가격 설정방법을 제시하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2010

This paper proposes a new effective installed reserve rate in order to evaluate reliability of power system considering renewable generators, which include uncertainty of resource supply. It is called EIRR(effective installed reserve rate) in this paper. It is developed with considering capacity credit based on ELCC by using LOLE reliability criterion. While the conventional installed reserve rate index yields over-evaluation reliability of renewable generators, the proposed EIRR describes actual effective installed reserve rate. However, it is not the probabilistic reliability index as like as LOLE or EENS but another deterministic effective reliability index. The proposed EIRR is able to evaluate the realistic contribution to the reliability level for power system considering wind turbine generators and solar cell generators with high uncertainty in resource supply. The case study in model system as like as Jeju power system size presents a possibility that the proposed EIRR can be used practically as a new deterministic reliability index for generation expansion planning or operational planning in future.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2020

Korea Ministry of National Defense has directed the state-of-the-art technology Forces troops structures that can respond to security threats in all directions through the Defense Innovation 2.0, which aims to reorganize the personnel and organizations in response to population decline. An implement of effective analysis to maintain combat power is necessary due to possible restrictions on combat power, especially in division of mobilization where reserve manpower is operated frequently. In this study, the normal operations of the reserve officers were investigated, the direct effects of the combat forces of the reserve officers was analyzed using ARENA modeling, and the budget required to operate the innovation and indirect effects of employment of veterans were studied. The result of the simulation proved to be effective in demonstrating unit combat power when the reserve officer was in full-time operations and economic benefits were also significant in terms of efficiency of defense budget management.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.113-133
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• 2024

태양광과 풍력을 중심으로 한 변동성 재생발전(VRE)은 탄소중립 달성의 주요수단이지만 높은 변동성과 불확실성으로 인해 전력공급의 안정성을 훼손시킨다. 에너지저장장치(ESS)는 수요이전을 통해 재생발전의 출력제한을 경감시킬 뿐만아니라 보조서비스 제공을 통해 안정적인 전력시스템 운영에 기여할 수 있다. 본 연구는 VRE로 인한 문제점이 점점 본격화되는 상황에서 ESS자원을 수요이전 기능과 예비력 제공기능 간에 어떻게 분배하는 것이 전력공급 효율성 최대화에 기여할 수 있는지 분석한다. 분석모형으로 재생발전의 변동성과 불확실성을 현실적으로 모의할 수 있는 확률적 전력시스템 최적화 모형을 적용하였다. 분석시점은 2023년과 2036년으로 설정하여 재생발전 보급수준별 ESS 최적자원분배 전략과 편익을 분석하였다. 분석결과는 크게 다음의 3가지로 요약가능하다. 첫째, ESS는 수요이전과 예비력 제공 모두에 탁월한 기능을 제공하며, 예비력 가격이 높게 설정될수록 수요이전 기능은 제한하고 예비력 제공에 집중함을 확인할 수 있었다. 둘째, 재생발전 출력제한은 필요예비력에 대한 대체재 역할을 하며, 예비력 가격 수준이 높아질수록 출력제한은 증가하고 필요예비력은 감소하는 것이 비용 합리적이다. 셋째, 기회비용이 반영된 합리적인 예비력 가격이 적용될 경우 ESS는 가까운 미래에 경제성을 확보할 수 있으며, ESS의 경제성은 재생발전 비중이 높을수록 더 커짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구는 전력공급 자원이 효율적으로 분배될 수 있는 가격기능이 바로 설때 비용 효율적인 전력부문 저탄소 전환이 가능함을 시사한다.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제11A권4호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2001

This paper presents a concept of reactive reserve based contingency constrained optimal power flow (RCCOPF). RCCOPF for enhancement of interface flow limit is composed of two modules, which are the modified continuation power flow (MCPF) and reactive optimal power flow (ROPF). In RCCOPF, two modules are repeatedly performed to increase interface flow margins of selected contingent states until satisfying the required enhancement of interface flow limit. In numerical simulation, a simple example with New England 39-bus test system is shown.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2003

The deregulation and structural reform of power markets have started from the early 90s, which has brought about new studies on the new environment. Regardless the market structure, however, power systems need to be operated and planned in a stable and reliable manner. Therefore, decisions on proper amount of operating reserves and their reliable operations are very important. Up to now, the decision processes of operating reserves depend mainly on experiences of operators in Korea. When Korean power market comes under private management, operating reserves would influence power rate as well as power Quality, Therefore, it is time to prepare reasonable operating reserve standards in a systematic way for the new environment. This study suggests the proper operating reserve standards considering rules of the power market in Korea. To verify the adequacy of the proposed standards, stability and frequency characteristics of the Korean power system are analyzed as well.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제11권X00호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2001

This paper presents a concept of reactive reserve based contingency constrained optimal power flow (RCCOPF). RCCOPF for enhancement of interface flow limit is composed of two modules, which are the modified continuation power flow (MCPF) and reactive optimal power flow (ROPF). In RCCOPF, two modules are repeatedly performed to increase interface flow margins of selected contingent states until satisfying the required enhancement of interface flow limit. In numerical simulation, a simple example with New England 39-bus test system is shown.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.751-753
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• 2005

In this raper, Economic value of reserve margin i.i presented by opportunity cost for Korean power system, and the level of compensation for spinning reserve that is necessary to operate power system stably is proposed. The generator that is giving up for opportunity to participate in energy market must take opportunity cost. it is relative to not only whole demand level but also marginal cost of each resource. In this paper, assume that all resource in Korea is equivalent to six generator for simulation. and we evaluate value of reserve in the time of high demand and low demand. Also we propose the way to improve a evaluation method by examine relationship between capacity payment and value of reserve.