• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.59-82
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• 2015

According to the survey on the state of practical usage and present situation of FTAs, conducted among trade companies operating in Shandong province in 2014, more than 90% of companies are believed to be small and medium sized enterprises. Therefore this study tries to test what impact the awareness and utilization of an FTA have on its outcome among trade companies operating in Shandong province as well as partner countries and other trade companies. The research results are as follows. First, we found a positive correlation between 1) a company's global orientation (as measured in export density as a percentage of profit) and 2) its competitiveness (as measured in annual sales), and a company's degree of utilization of FTA provisions. Second, One of the findings is that the more aware of the (exporting) HS code, conventional tariffs and the process of issuing C/O the companies from Shandong province are the more they actually use (utilize) an FTA inpractice. Another interesting finding is that the more aware of the (exporting) HS code and conventional tariffs the enterprises are the higher is their practical usage level of an FTA. Third, however, at the time of this study's completion, FTA utilization was not yet positively correlated with statistically significant performance results. Therefore, to increase the utilization and performance of FTA, the China government have to make a efficient business models for each industry and support the small and mid-size businesses including Shandong province's SMEs.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.131-147
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• 1999

According to literature review, fitness between IT activities and organizational strategy enhances performance. Theoretical research says that centralized company in IT activities is appropriate to cost-leadership strategy and decentralized company in IT activities is appropriate to differentiation strategy. But there are very few empirical research. The purpose of this study is to attest whether fitness between IT activities and organizational strategy enhances the information system performance. But the results of this field study were not consistent with literature that fitness of two independent variables enhance performance. So we should take other contingency variables such as organizational structure, culture etc. into consideration to investigate relationship between IT activities and strategy.

• Plant Journal
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.58-66
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• 2011

The power plant companies reached the culmination for growth in the domestic market. Besides, we have faced many challenges such as an electricity opening market trend for overseas, banning the use of coal due to the United nations framework convention on climate change, and the meticulous attention regarding the government's electricity charge plan. On the other hand, the overseas business has been a critical issue since China and many other developing countries expanded their projects abroad. Another factor is that power plant industry is being privatized, and it made the market regulation a bit loose. Thus, the market environment became favorable toward those companies which planned many overseas businesses. In this research, the power plant company's current condition for construction and operation as well as its technical competitiveness were analyzed, and an alternative plan using SWOT analysis for entering an oversea market was made. It dealt with both internal and external factors. Also, examined was the current situation under the power plant industry dealing with restructure for electric industry, lack of fossil fuel, and the United nations framework convention on climate change. From the research, it was suggested that many successful strategies to enter the overseas business by using the market trend I researched.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.475-491
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• 2022

Purpose - This study analyzed the correlation and effect of FTA environmental factors (company internal environmental factors, corporate external environmental factors) between FTA utilization and performance of Shandong companies in China. Design/methodology/approach - To test the hypothesis, SPSS 24.0 statistical packages were used based on the collected data. Findings - First, it was confirmed that internal environmental factors (international marketing orientation, corporate competitiveness, and corporate awareness of FTA) of companies had a positive(+) effect on FTA utilization. Second, The government's support for FTA utilization will have a significant positive (+) effect on companies' FTA utilization.Non-tariff barriers will have a negative (-) effect on companies' use of FTA. Third, A company's FTA utilization will have a significant positive effect on FTA performance. Research implications or Originality - If Shandong companies want to increase the utilization of FTAs, they should strengthen international marketing, such as collecting information on competitors and improving product quality and price competitiveness, and increase corporate competitiveness through active export activities to the global market.In order to increase the awareness of FTA among enterprises in Shandong Province, the government should strengthen the relevant education of enterprises about FTA.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.135-151
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper analyzes the effect of factors affecting the depression of immigrant labor by the exploratory multivariate model empirically. Design/Methodology/Approach - We review results of precedent studies theoretically and implement empirical study by using the questionnaire data of Myanmar male immigrant labor. Findings - As the result of empirical study, the factor affecting the depression of immigrant labor significantly at p<0.5 level are 'interpersonal trouble in company', 'unjust wage' and 'bottleneck to life'. Also 'unjust treatment' and 'anxiety(of health)' are affecting factors significantly at p<0.1. Research Implications - Managerial implications are as follow. Firstly, employers have to reduce 'interpersonal trouble in company', 'unjust wage' and 'unjust treatment'. Secondly, gonernment have to support to reduce 'bottleneck to life' and 'anxiety(of health)'. Academic implications are as follow. Firstly, factors that are studied exploratively have to be tested by systematic empirical study. Secondly, which of short-term, lagged or cumulative is the nature of the affecting effect and the reciprocal relationship between depression and factors affecting the depression has to be studied empirically.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.63-86
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of the application of accounting conservatism on the investment efficiency of listed companies in China under the background of the current rising environmental uncertainty. Design/methodology/approach - This study collected 14,934 observations of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2013 to 2020, and analyzed the data by means of moderating effect test and multiple regression analysis. Findings - The results show that environmental uncertainty deteriorates the company's investment efficiency. The higher the level of environmental uncertainty, the more prone to over-investment and under-investment. Accounting conservatism plays moderating role between environmental uncertainty and investment efficiency. Among them, the moderating effect of conditional conservatism is to alleviate under-investment of the company under high financing constraints and the over-investment, while it intensifies the under-investment under low financing constraints. The moderating effect of unconditional conservatism is to alleviate the under-investment. Research implications or Originality - This study finds out the internal mechanism of accounting conservatism affecting investment efficiency, which not only helps to understand about the value of accounting conservatism standards, but also helps to improve the investment efficiency of listed companies.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2022

As intelligent autonomous driving vehicle development has become a big topic around the world, accurate reference dynamics estimation has been more important than before. Current systems generally use speed and heading information sensed from a distant point as a vehicle reference dynamic, however, the dynamics between different points are not same especially during rotating motions. In order to estimate properly estimate the reference dynamics from the information such as velocity and heading sensed at a point distant from the reference point such as center of gravity, this study proposes estimating reference dynamics from any location in the vehicle by combining the Bicycle and Ackermann models. A test system was constructed by implementing multiple GNSS/INS equipment on an Robot Operating System (ROS) and an actual car. Angle and speed errors of 10° and 0.2 m/s have been reduced to 0.2° and 0.06 m/s after applying the suggested method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 한국원자력학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.979-980
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• 2004

A multi-channel mechanical test machine for HANARO was designed and fabricated based on the design criteria of the multi-channel mechanical test machine sustained at the working conditions of $<400{\square}$, 3 W/g of gamma heating rate, $5{\times}10^{20}\;n/cm^2$, neutron flux and maximum load of 200 MPa. The multi-channel mechanical test machine made of 304 stainless steel consisted of four modules. Two of them locate upper part of the machine and the others locate lower part with 90 degree rotation. Each module was evaluated by determine load-displacement curve of zirconium specimen. Thermal insulators were also made by electron spark-machining of pure aluminum which was prepared in a domestic company.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.25-28
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• 2003

Fractal mathematics is being highlighted as a research method for classification of image. But the application of Fractal dimension(FB) has been required the complicated calculation method because of its complex repetition progressing. In this paper, it has been developed the new approach method to express the Fractal Dimension(FB) for aging level calculation and estimation system of outside insulator using special image processing algorithm. As a result after FD testing, the recognized aging estimation of FD has a very characteristics compared to the conventional visual inspection.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.433-435
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• 2002

The relation between sintered densities and porosities in UO$_2$ pellets is investigated. The open porosity decreases linearly up to about 95% T.D.,(theoretical density) as the sintered density increases whereas, above 96% T.D., sintered UO$_2$ pellets do not have any open pores. The fraction of open porosity to the total porosity also decreases linearly as the sintered density increases, though the slope is lower than that of open porosity and, above 95% T.D., the fraction decreases rapidly to approach a zero.