• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2016

Objective: To determine the incidence of embryo retention (ER) in the transfer catheter following embryo transfer (ET) in blastocyst transfer and investigate whether retransferring retained embryos has an impact on reproductive outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-ET. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 1,131 blastocyst transfers, which comprised 223 single blastocyst transfer (SBT) and 908 double blastocyst transfer (DBT) cycles. Each SBT and DBT group was classified depending on whether ET was performed without retained embryos in the catheter during the first attempt (without-ER group) or whether any retained embryos were found following ET (ER group) for the purpose of comparing reproductive outcomes in a homogenous population. Results: The overall incidence of finding retained embryos was 2.8% (32/1,131). There were no retained embryos in SBT cycles. In DBT cycles, implantation rates (30.0% vs. 26.6%), positive ${\beta}-hCG$ rates (57.2% vs. 56.2%), clinical pregnancy rates (45.3% vs. 46.9%), and live birth rates (38.9% vs. 43.8%) were not significantly different between the without-ER and ER groups. There were no significant differences in the mean birth weight (g) $2,928.4{\pm}631.8$ vs. $2,948.7{\pm}497.8$ and the mean gestational age at birth ($269.3{\pm}17.2days$ vs. $264.2{\pm}25.7days$). A total of nine cases of congenital birth defects were found in this study population. Eight were observed in the without-ER group and one in the ER group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that retransfer of retained embryos does not have any adverse impact on reproductive outcomes in blastocyst transfer cycles. Furthermore, our results support finding that SBT might be advantageous for decreasing the incidence of retained embryos in catheters.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1989

A field survey was conducted to obtain the data on reproductive performation of Korean native cattle. The data for this study were taken from 6,461 breeding records of cows raising at general farms in 8 Hanwoo(native cattle) pure breeding areas from June, 1984 through November, 1985. The recycling rate within 30 days, 31 to 60 days, and 61 to 90 days postpartum was 7.5%, 40.0%, and 32.8%, and it amounted to 80.3%, while the non-recyling rate up to 120days postcalving was 8.4%. Conception rate according to insemination(AI) frequencies was 65.7% at 1st AI, 21.3% at 2nd AI, and 8.4% at 3rd AI, respectively. It amounted to 95.4% up to 3rd AI. Clving rate during the spring time was the highest, 39.6%, and tended to be reduced according to summer(31.6%), autumn (16.3%), and winter (12.5%). Spring and summer were the highest seasons for pregnancy and their gestation rates are 33.7% in spring and 39.2% in winter, respectively. The days from calving to estrus and conception, and calving interval of the cows, which calved two or three times, tended to be reduced. However, the more parities, the more they are extended. According to parities, gestation length and services per conception showed irregular tendencies.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2012

Objective: To investigate the value of stimulated intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women with unilateral tubal occlusion. Methods: Superovulation and IUI was performed during 2003-2010 and the medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Thirty-seven infertile women (52 cycles) with unilateral tubal occlusion diagnosed by hysterosalpingography and without other causes of infertility were selected. One-hundred fourteen patients with unexplained infertility served as a control group (182 cycles). The main outcome was the clinical pregnancy rate per cycle. Results: The pregnancy rate per cycle was similar, 17.3% for the unilateral tubal occlusion group and 16.5% for the unexplained infertility group. The rate of miscarriage (11.1% vs. 23.3%) and ectopic pregnancy (11.1% vs. 6.7%) was similar between the two groups. The pregnancy rate was higher in patients with proximal occlusion (25.0%) compared with distal occlusion (13.9%) or unexplained infertility, but not statistically significant. Conclusion: Stimulated IUI can be suggested as the initial treatment option in women with unilateral proximal or distal tubal occlusion.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2014

Objective: To evaluate the association between the severity of endometriosis and the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and serum level of cancer antigen 125 (CA 125). Methods: Data were obtained from the medical records of 419 patients who underwent laparoscopic conservative surgery for ovarian endometrioma between April 2005 and March 2013. Each patient's preoperative complete blood count was recorded and the endometriosis score was assessed. Results: The endometriosis score was not associated with either the NLR or the serum level of CA 125. The endometriosis score was negatively related to preoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. The only positive association was between NLR and the patients' age. NLR and preoperative serum anti-M$\ddot{u}$llerian hormone level were found to be negatively related. Conclusion: The severity of endometriosis was not associated with the serum level of CA 125 or the NLR. The presence of a negative correlation between the severity of endometriosis and red blood cell dynamics needs further investigation.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.137-140
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• 1987

Information on certain reproductive traits were obtained from field material. The data for this study were taken from 1,111 breeding records of 273 cows and 193 heifers at Koheung, Chonnam, during the period 1979 to 1984. The cattle were bred by artificial insemination; only one or two cattle were reared by one farmer. The heifers were first bred at 551.75 days after they were born; they were pregnant at 569.06 days after birth. The average estrous cycle length was 21 days; the average number of inseminations per conception was 1.56. The non-return rate for first inseminations for cows and heifers was 62.5% and 59.6%, respectively. The gestation length was 285.79 days. Of 1,111 viable calved born 582 were male, giving a sex ratio of 100:110. The average length between calving and first insemination was 88.9 days; average calving interval was 397.69 days.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.303-308
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• 2007

등지방을 포함한 산육형질과 번식 및 산자형질간의 관계를 규명하기 위하여 경남흑돈(버크셔)의 자료를 분석하였다. Pearson 상관의 추정에서 등지방은 번식형질과 -0.24～-.26을 나타냈다. 유전적 관계를 조사하기 위한 초분만일령, 초분만일령과 첫 분만을 위한 종부횟수에 관한 유전상관 추정은 자료의 부족으로 추정치의 변동이 많고 폭이 컸다. 등지방과 산자형질과는 낮은 Pearson 상관을 보였지만 총산자, 생존산자, 생시복체중, 이유복체중의 유전상관계수가 각각 .21, .24, .11, .07으로 조사되어 유전적 상관이 더 높게 조사되어 등지방의 개량이 산자능력을 감소시킬 수 있다. 90kg 도달일령과 총산자, 생존산자, 생시복체중, 이유복체중과의 유전상관 계수는 .14, .17, .09 그리고 0.0으로 각각 조사되어 산육능력이 우수할수록 산자능력의 감소를 의미하고 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.2179-2184
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• 2012

Introduction and aim: To compare reproductive factor influence on patients with pathological diagnosed malignant and benign tumor in the Breast Department, The First Peoples' Hospital of Kunming in Yunnan province, China. Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted on 263 breast cancer (BC) cases and 457 non-breast cancer controls from 2009 to 2011. The cases and controls information on demographics, medical history, and reproductive characteristics variables were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and routine medical records. Histology of breast cancer tissue and benign breast lesion were documented by pathology reports. Since some variables in data analysis had zero count in at least one category, binomial-response GLM using the bias-reduction method was applied to estimate OR's and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). To adjust for age and menopause status, a compound variable comprising age and menopausal status was retained in the statistical models. Results: multivariate model analysis revealed significant independent positive associations of BC with short menstrual cycle, old age at first live birth, never breastfeeding, history of oral contraception experience, increased number of abortion, postmenopausal status, and nulliparity. Categorised by age and menopausal status, perimenopausal women had about 3-fold and postmenopausal women had more than 5-fold increased risk of BC compared to premenopausal women. Discussion and Conclusion: This study has confirmed the significant association of BC and estrogen related risk factors of breast cancer including longer menstrual cycle, older age of first live birth, never breastfeeding, nulliparity, and number of abortions more than one. The findings suggest that female hormonal factors, especially the trend of menopause status play a significant role in the development of BC in Yunnan women.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.1333-1344
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• 2024

Objective: Litter size and piglet loss at birth significantly impact piglet production and are closely associated with sow parity. Understanding how these traits vary across different parities is crucial for effective herd management. This study investigates the patterns of the number of born alive piglets (NBA), number of piglet losses (NPL), and the proportion of piglet losses (PPL) at birth in Landrace sows under tropical conditions. Additionally, it aims to identify the most suitable model for describing these patterns. Methods: A dataset comprising 2,322 consecutive reproductive records from 258 Landrace sows, spanning parities from 1 to 9, was analyzed. Modeling approaches including 2nd and 3rd degree polynomial models, the Wood gamma function, and a longitudinal model were applied at the individual level to predict NBA, NPL, and PPL. The choice of the best-fitting model was determined based on the lowest mean and standard deviation of the difference between predicted and actual values, Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Results: Sow parity significantly influenced NBA, NPL, and PPL (p<0.0001). NBA increased until the 4th parity and then declined. In contrast, NPL and PPL decreased until the 2nd parity and then steadily increased until the 8th parity. The 2nd and 3rd degree polynomials, and longitudinal models showed no significant differences in predicting NBA, NPL, and PPL (p>0.05). The 3rd degree polynomial model had the lowest prediction standard deviation and yielded the smallest AIC and BIC. Conclusion: The 3rd degree polynomial model offers the most suitable description of NBA, NPL, and PPL patterns. It holds promise for applications in genetic evaluations to enhance litter size and reduce piglet loss at birth in sows. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for sow parity effects in swine breeding programs, particularly in tropical conditions, to optimize piglet production and sow performance.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for total number of born (TNB), number of born alive (NBA) and teat numbers (TN) of Landrace and Yorkshire breeds in Korean swine population using multiple trait animal model procedures. Total numbers of 4,653 records for teat numbers and 8,907 records for TNB and NBA collected from 2004 to 2008 on imported breeding pigs and their litter size records were used in this study. To find the appropriate model for estimation of genetic parameters (heritabilities and genetic correlations), five statistical models (two models for reproductive traits, two models for teat numbers, one model for combining these traits) considering only direct additive genetic effects, including maternal effects were used and Akaike information criteria (AIC) of each two models for reproductive traits and teat trait were compared. The means and standard deviations of TNB, NBA, and TN were $11.52{\pm}3.34$, $10.55{\pm}2.96$ and $14.30{\pm}0.83$, respectively. Estimated heritabilities for TNB and NBA traits using the model which considered only additive genetic effect were low (0.06 and 0.05, respectively). However, estimated heritabilities considering maternal genetic effects were a little bit higher than that of the model considering only additive genetic effect (0.09 for TNB and NBA, respectively). Estimated heritability for TN using the model which considered only additive genetic effect was 0.40. However, estimated heritability of direct genetic effects from a model considering maternal genetic effect was high (0.60). All results of AIC statistics, the models considering maternal effect was more appropriate than the models considering only additive genetic effect. Genetic correlations of direct additive genetic effect between litter size (TNB, NBA) and teat numbers were low (-0.18 and -0.14, respectively). However, genetic correlations of maternal effect between litter size (TNB, NBA) and teat numbers were a little bit higher than those of direct additive genetic effect (0.08 and 0.16, respectively).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to herd management and control of dairy cows by milk components analysis in Gyeongsangnamdo. Milk components analysis were carried out milk yield (MY), milk fat (MF), milk protein (MP), milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and somatic cell count (SCC) but, milk solid (MS), day of non-pregnant condition (DNPC), and days of primipara (DPRI) involved in report. Dairy farms were divided high group, middle group, low group according to the standard records for milk components. Examination records were divided by farm, parity, year, season and month, the number of samples were 28,957. Feeding management practice and the prediction for the risk possibility of productive disease such as reproductive and metabolic disorders by evaluating fat, protein, solids. Determination of MY, MF, MP, MS were Milkoscan 4,000~5,000 Serier (FOSS Electric Co., Copenhagen, Denmark). Correlation coefficient of milk protein (MP) and milk solid (MS) was ascertain r=0.759. SCC was ascertain 372.8$\pm$11.34 (thousand unit) and DNPC was ascertain 155.3$\pm$5.15 (days) in seven parity.