• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.609-613
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• 1997

The reproductive performance of forty two male broilers divided into three similar groups and fed on isocaloric and isonitrogneous diets containing 0, 10 or 20% water washed neem seed kernel meal (WWNSKM) was investigated from 20 to 32-wks of age. Results on semen characteristics revealed that feeding of WWNSKM led to significant (p < 0.05) reduction in semen volume, sperm concentration associated with increased incidences of morphological abnormalities in the spermatozoa when compared to that of the control birds. A drastic reduction in the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa was observed, the adverse effects being more at higher inclusion level of the cake. Hatchability of eggs also declined in the WWNSKM fed group. Histological examination of testes revealed a higher number of degenerating cells and poor spermatogenesis along with multinucleated giant cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes of birds receiving the high dose of WWNSKM in diet. It may be concluded that the feeding of WWNSKM by incorporating in isocaloric and isonitrogneous diets to cockerels is associated with adverse effect on their fertility.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.320-333
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• 2019

Objective: The Shanghai Holstein cattle breed is susceptible to severe mastitis and other diseases due to the hot weather and long-term humidity in Shanghai, which is the main distribution centre for providing Holstein semen to various farms throughout China. Our objective was to determine the genetic mechanisms influencing economically important traits, especially diseases that have huge impact on the yield and quality of milk as well as reproduction. Methods: In our study, we detected the structural variations of 1,092 Shanghai Holstein cows by using next-generation sequencing. We used the DELLY software to identify deletions and insertions, cn.MOPS to identify copy-number variants (CNVs). Furthermore, we annotated these structural variations using different bioinformatics tools, such as gene ontology, cattle quantitative trait locus (QTL) database and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA). Results: The average number of high-quality reads was 3,046,279. After filtering, a total of 16,831 deletions, 12,735 insertions and 490 CNVs were identified. The annotation results showed that these mapped genes were significantly enriched for specific biological functions, such as disease and reproduction. In addition, the enrichment results based on the cattle QTL database showed that the number of variants related to milk and reproduction was higher than the number of variants related to other traits. IPA core analysis found that the structural variations were related to reproduction, lipid metabolism, and inflammation. According to the functional analysis, structural variations were important factors affecting the variation of different traits in Shanghai Holstein cattle. Our results provide meaningful information about structural variations, which may be useful in future assessments of the associations between variations and important phenotypes in Shanghai Holstein cattle. Conclusion: Structural variations identified in this study were extremely different from those of previous studies. Many structural variations were found to be associated with mastitis and reproductive system diseases; these results are in accordance with the characteristics of the environment that Shanghai Holstein cattle experience.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.336-342
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• 2014

Asexual benthic polyp reproduction plays a major role in the jellyfish bloom. Recent studies found that temperature is the most important factor to regulate the budding rate of the polyps. We established a simple dynamic model to count the number of polyps depending on the variation of temperature with two data sets from different places. The population of polyps was counted through the budding rate and the number of budding times by Fibonacci sequence. It is assumed that the budding rate depends on the temperature only. The budding rate of the asexual reproduction shows very sensitive to the distribution of the seawater temperature. The model was tested to the temperature data of Ansan located in the west sea of Korea. The results indicate that this model can be useful to predict the blooms of Aurelia aurita polyps, which may have considerable influence on the bloom of medusa. The shape of temperature curve plays a key role in the predicting the bloom of Aurelia aurita polyps.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.88-97
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• 2014

For the purpose of reproduction of traditional gold thread, the artifact investigation was organized for 70 cases (109 pieces) of relics from Korea, China and Japan. In most cases, the main backside material of gold thread from Korea was the bast fibers from paper mulberry. In this study, the optimum sheet-making of Hanji for gold thread reproduction was tried by controlling several process factors of Hanji such as the cooking and beating time of paper mulberry fibers, the number of sheet-making ply, and converting method (Dochim). Tensile index, folding endurance and compressive strength of Hanji showed differences according to the correlation between cooking and beating time, and application of converting method (Dochim), while bending stiffness fell with decrease of thickness. These results can be applied to consider manufacturing factors to make Hanji for the production of gold thread.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2019

Chronic and unpredictable stress can disrupt the female reproductive system by suppression for secretion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophin, resulted in ovarian malfunction and infertility. In the recent days, kisspeptin has been highly highlighted as a hypothalamic peptide which directly stimulates synthesis and release for GnRH. However, in spite of the key role of kisspeptin in the female reproductive system, little information is still available on the changes of its expression during ovarian cycle under stressed condition. Therefore, we induced chronic and unpredictable stress series to the female mice to analyze kisspeptin expression in the brain and ovary. Stressed mice exhibited changes of behavior and body weight gain during the stress assessment, which suggested that the present stress model in mice was successfully established. In the brain level, kisspeptin expression was attenuated than control. In the ovary level, the stressed mice displayed irregularly shrunk oocytes with broken zona pellucida throughout the follicle stages, pyknotic granulosa cells, decreased number of developing follicles and increased number of atretic follicles than the control. In case of kisspeptin expression in the whole ovary tissue, the expression level was decreased in the stressed mice. In detail, the less intensity of kisspeptin expression in the antral follicles phase was observed in the stressed mice than control mice, indicating that local function of kisspeptin during ovary cycle is highly associated with development of ovarian follicles. We expect that the present study has important implications for the fields of reproductive biology.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.259-266
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• 2019

Emulsion polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is performed on compartmentalized DNA, allowing a large number of PCR reactions to be carried out in parallel. Emulsion PCR has unique advantages in DNA amplification. It can be applied in many molecular biological assays, especially those requiring highly sensitive and specific DNA amplification. This review discusses the principle of emulsion PCR and its applications in biotechnology. Related technologies are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Printing Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.10-18
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• 2002

On the process of cross-media color reproduction, a key feature is the use of gamut mapping techniques to adjust the different color gamuts between displays and printers. Even though a number of GMAs have been published, but there are no method satisfactory enough for more exect color reproduction. In this paper, the gamut mapping methods of nearest point clipping(NPC), centroid clipping (SLIN), straight clipping and cusp clipping(CUSP) were tested and analyzed with color difference, and a new gamut mapping algorithm based on variable anchor point method was proposed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1400-1410
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• 2020

Objective: Genome-wide association study and two meta-analysis based on GWAS performed to explore the genetic mechanism underlying variation in pig number born alive (NBA) and total number born (TNB). Methods: Single trait GWAS and two meta-analysis (single-trait meta analysis and multi-trait meta analysis) were used in our study for NBA and TNB on 3,121 Yorkshires from 4 populations, including three different American Yorkshire populations (n = 2,247) and one British Yorkshire populations (n = 874). Results: The result of single trait GWAS showed that no significant associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. Using single-trait meta analysis and multi-trait meta analysis within populations, 11 significant loci were identified associated with target traits. Spindlin 1, vascular endothelial growth factor A, forkhead box Q1, msh homeobox 1, and LHFPL tetraspan submily member 3 are five functionally plausible candidate genes for NBA and TNB. Compared to the single population GWAS, single-trait Meta analysis can improve the detection power to identify SNPs by integrating information of multiple populations. The multiple-trait analysis reduced the power to detect trait-specific loci but enhanced the power to identify the common loci across traits. Conclusion: In total, our findings identified novel genes to be validated as candidates for NBA and TNB in pigs. Also, it enabled us to enlarge population size by including multiple populations with different genetic backgrounds and increase the power of GWAS by using meta analysis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.1009-1014
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• 2012

Environmental stress boosts the levels of stress hormones and accelerates energy expenditure which subsequently imbalance the body's homeostasis. L-ascorbic acid (L-AA) has been recognized to mitigate the negative impact of environmental stress on production performances in birds. The present investigation was carried out to elucidate the effect of different dietary levels of L-AA on production performance, egg quality traits and fertility in Japanese quail at low ambient temperature. Sixty matured females (15 wks) were equally divided into three groups (20/group) based on the different dietary levels of L-AA (0, 250 and 500 ppm) and coupled with an equal number of males (1:1) obtained from the same hatch. They were managed in uniform husbandry conditions without restriction of feed and water at 14 h photo-schedule. Except for feed efficiency, body weight change, feed consumption and hen-day egg production were recorded highest in 500 ppm L-AA supplemented groups. Among the all egg quality traits studied, only specific gravity, shell weight and thickness differed significantly (p<0.05) in the present study. Fertility was improved significantly ($p{\leq}0.01$) to a dose dependent manner of L-AA. The findings of the present study concluded that dietary L-AA can be a caring management practice at least in part to alleviate the adverse effect of cold induced stress on production performance in Japanese quail.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.289-296
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• 1990

This experiment was carried out to investigate the recovery period of estrus cycle, the pseudopregnancy period, weights of ovary, placenta and fetus, and number of litter of female rats after unilateral ovariectomy(ULO). The results obtained are as follows : 1. The estrus cycle was inclined to become normal from the second time. 2. The pseudopregnancy period of rats in unilaterally ovariectomized group and control group, and no significant difference in pseudopregnancy period was shown between the two groups. 3. The ovarian weights of each ULO group were significantly(P<0.01) heavier than that of the control group throughout the observation periods of pregnancy. 4. The placental weights of ULO group were not different from that of the control group in 10 and 15 days of pregnancy. But they became significantly (P<0.05) heavier in 20 days. 5. The weights of fetus in ULO at 10 days of pregnancy was not different from that ofthe control group, but the weights in ULO group at 15 and 20 days of pregnancy were significantly(P<0.01) heavier. 6. The number of litter in ULO was smaller than that of the control groups.