• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.98-104
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• 2013

At the moment, in Korea, over 90% of energy resources depend on imports, and nearly 60% of electric energy is produced using fossil fuel. Therefore, the government adopted the Climatic Change Convention and has implemented the RPS system since 2012 to actively cope with the dependence on imported energy, and to grow and expand the new renewable energy industry. This study examined the performance results of mandatory supply of solar photovoltaic energy and non-solar photovoltaic energy assigned to providers and the present state after implementation of the RPS system. As a result, the achievement rate in 2012 was 64.7%. Especially, solar photovoltaic energy showed a high achievement rate of 95.7%, whereas non-solar photovoltaic energy showed a low achievement rate of 63.3% due to several problems and was highly dependent on the government. In 2013, the burden of each provider has increased due to more mandatory supply and addition of unfulfilled supply of 2012, and the separate mandatory supply of solar photovoltaic energy established for protection of the solar photovoltaic market is restricting investment. Therefore, there is a need to assign mandatory supply in consideration of the available amount of each new renewable energy.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.151.2-151.2
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• 2010

우리나라는 "제 3차 신재생에너지 기술개발 및 이용 보급 기본계획"을 통해 2030년까지 111.5조 원을 투자하여 전체 에너지의 11%를 신재생에너지로 공급한다는 목표를 설정하였다. 그러나 신재생에너지는 기존의 원자력이나 화석에너지에 비하여 생산비용이 높아 보조나 융자 등의 정부지원에 의존하여 보급이 이루어져왔다. 신재생에너지 보급확대 및 산업발전을 위한 보급정책의 일환으로 정부는 2012년부터 RPS(Renewable Portfolio Standard, 신재생에너지 공급의 무화제도)를 도입키로 확정하였다. RPS의 도입은 일정규모 신재생에너지 시장수요를 창출함과 동시에 신재생에너지원간 가격경쟁 구도 형성의 유인이 될 수 있다. 이는 전력가격 일괄상승 및 녹색가격제도(Green Pricing) 등의 정책적 논의로 이어질 수 있다. 따라서 소비자 측면에서 신재생에너지 전력의 가치를 어떻게 평가하는지를 분석하여 RPS 시행제반의 정책적 논의의 기초자료를 마련할 필요가 있다. 특히 RPS는 신재생에너지원 간의 경쟁을 가능하게 하므로 개별 신재생에너지원에 따라 소비자 선호의 차이가 어떻게 나타나는지 연구되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 환경재 혹은 비시장재화의 가치추정에 가장 널리 활용되고 있는 조건부가치평가법(Contingent Valuation Method; CVM)을 적용하여 풍력, 태양광, 수력으로 생산한 전력에 대한 소비자의 지불의사액(Willingness to Pay; WTP)을 분석하는 모형을 수립하였다. 이를 위해 Zografakis et al.(2010), Yoo and Kwak(2009), 이창훈 황석준(2009), Nomura and Akai(2004), Bately et al.(2001) 등의 선행연구를 참조하여 신재생에너지 전력 가치의 설문에서 고려되어야 하는 요인들을 선정하였다. 이를 토대로 설문 시나리오를 작성하여 각 요인들이 신재생에너지 전력에 대한 지불의사액 결정에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석가능한 모형을 설정하였다. 뿐만 아니라 기존 연구들이 신재생에너지로 생산된 일반적인 전력에 대한 지불의사액을 질문하는데 그쳤다면, 본 연구에서는 각 원별로 지불의사액의 차이를 도출할 수 있는 설문모형을 구축하는데 중점을 두었다. 본 연구결과는 향후 설문수행을 통하여 신재생에너지원별로 소비자의 선호를 분석할 수 있는 연구로 발전될 수 있으며, 이는 RPS 도입으로 인한 전력가격 정책 수립의 기초 연구자료로 활용될 수 있다 하겠다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.573-576
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• 2005

대표적인 신$\cdot$재생에너지의 시장확대 정책으로 RPS와 기준가격의무구매제가 주요 선진국에서 실시되고 있으며 자국의 자원부존과 경제사회여건에 맞춰 적합한 정책수단을 선택하고 있음. RPS 실시국가에서 RPS는 특별법으로 제정되어 실시효과를 극대화하고 있으며, 신$\cdot$재생에너지발전 인중서의 거래를 포함시켜 시너지효과를 거두고 있음. RPS의 단일의 최적모델은 존재하지 않으며 기본설계와 세부사항은 각 국의 고유의 자원부존 여건 및 경제사회적 특징에 따라 달라짐. RPS의 국내도입이 전력시장과 국민경제에 미치는 영향은 그리 크지 않으며 외부효과를 감하면 편익을 초래함. 또한 수요조사결과 RPS에 대한 선호도가 비교적 높게 나타나며 산$\cdot$ 재생에너지발전의 시장확대 수단으로 높은 점수를 매기고 있음 그러나 RPS의 기본설계를 신중히 가져가야 할 것이며, 법제도 정비에 임해서는 기존에 실시되고 있는 기준가격우선구매제도(발전차액보전)의 고려해야 함.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.263-263
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• 2009

최근 정부의 녹색성장 정책과 RPS(Renewable Portfolio Standard)도입 계획에 따라 재생가능에너지 개발계획이 쏟아지고 있다. 특히 조력 발전의 경우, 시화, 가로림, 강화, 인천만 등 전 세계 최대 규모 타이틀을 서로 갱신하가며 서해바다를 중심으로 건설 계획이 집중되고 있다. 그러나 조수간만의 차이를 이용해 친환경 에너지원으로 인식되던 조력발전이 그 규모와 방식에 따라 환경파괴적 발전원으로 인식되고 있는 것도 현실이다. 갯벌소멸, 해양생태계 파괴, 해수면 상승 등 생태적 환경문제 야기와 더불어 지역 주민간의 사회환경적 갈등도 초래되고 있다. 본 논문은 국내 조력발전의 개발 계획과 과정을 살펴보고 생태적.사회적 환경영향 피해 점검을 통해, 바람직한 조력발전의 모습을 제시해 본다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.149.2-149.2
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• 2011

This paper conducted an analysis of economic effects of offshore wind power in Korea with benefit/cost analysis. The existing feed-on tariff, which was too low to support wind power development, was recently replaced with a Renewable Portfolio Standard(RPS), effective from 2012. According to the new regulatory policy, The Korean government has announced a strategy to draw investments worth for offshore wind farms with a total capacity of 2.5 GW over the next eight years, which is expected the change of cost and benefit. After overview the offshore wind power development status, The effects on cost can be divided by economic, environmental and social factors. Each factor will be calculated and combined by both evaluating index and using Quantification methods. At the end, the implication for the evaluation of feasibility of offshore wind power of Korea will be done.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.347-353
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• 2017

In order to prohibit global warming, various kinds of regulatory policies have been established in the whole world. One example is the establishment of the Renewable Portfolio Standard. It requires the increased portion in energy production from renewable energy sources. The Republic of Korea adopted the act on the promotion of the development, use, and diffusion of new and renewable energy since 2012. However, in spite of the effort on the consideration of the renewable energy sources, it was reported the carbon intensity of electricity in Korea was not that low in 2015. Thus, it is required to examine the recent state of the utilization degree of the renewable energy sources in Korea. This paper analyzed the statistical data provided by Korea Power Exchange (KPX) to examine any problems and solutions for generating electricity from the renewable energy sources. We focused on the generation capacity provided by the power plants participated in the market, the electric power trading amount, and the utilization coefficient for 10 years. By analyzing the data, we provide an alternative to solve some imbalance among the factors contributing to renewable energy use.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.916-922
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• 2018

Recently, power plant effluent condensers received a Renewable Energy Certificate as components of hydrothermal energy (weighted 1.5 times) as one target item of the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) policy. Accordingly, more attention is being paid to the value of thermal wastewater as a heat source. However, for utilization of thermal wastewater from power plants in high-turbidity areas like the West Sea of Korea, a turbidity reducing system is required to reduce system contamination. In this study, an experimental test was performed over a month on thermal wastewater from power plants located in the West Sea of Korea. It was found that water turbidity was reduced by more than 80 % and that the concentration of organic materials and nutrient salts was partially reduced due to the reduction of floating/drifting materials. To conduct a comparative analysis of the level of contamination of the heat exchanger when thermal wastewater flows in through a turbidity reducing system versus when the condenser effluent flows in directly without passing through the turbidity system, we disassembled and analyzed heat exchangers operated for 30 days. As a result, it was found that the heat exchanger without a turbidity reducing system had a higher level of contamination. Main contaminants (scale) that flowed in to the heat exchanger included minerals such as $SiO_2$, $Na(Si_3Al)O_8$, $CaCO_3$ and NaCl. It was estimated that marine sediment soil flowed in to the heat exchanger because of the high level of turbidity in the water-intake areas.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.199-205
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• 2014

The integration of FC (Fuel Cell) and GSHP (Ground Source Heat Pump) hybrid system could produce a synergistic advantage in thermal and electric way. This study intends to analyse the economical aspect of a FC integrated GSHP hybrid system compared to the conventional system which is consisted with a boiler and a chiller. Based on the hourly simulation, the study indicated that GSHP system and FC+GSHP hybrid system could reduce the energy consumption on a building. The method of the economic assessment has been based on IEA ECBCS Annex 54 Subtask C SPB(Simple Payback) method. The SPB was calculated using the economic balanced year of the alternative system over the conventional (reference) system. The SPB of the alternative systems (GSHP and FC+GSHP) with 50% initial incentive was 4.06 and 26.73 year respectively while the SPB without initial incentive of systems was 10.71 and 57.76 year.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.21-29
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• 2012

The extensible supply of New & Renewable energy resources desperately needs to counter the high dependence on imported energy, recent high oil prices and the Climate Change Conference, and the government has operated the 'Renewable Portfolio Standard' (RPS) as one of the renewable energy policy from 2012. By analyzing the operation case of combined heat and power plant using the woodchip biomass, we drew the price of wood chip fuel, plant capacity factor, electricity selling price, heat selling price and LCOE value. After analyzing the economic feasibility of 3MWe combined heat and power plant based on the operating performance, the minimum of economic feasibility has appeared to be secured according to the internal rate of return (IRR) is 6.34% and the net present value (NPV) is 3.6 billion won as of 20 years life time after installation, and after analyzing the cases of the economic feasibility of the price of wood chip, plant capacity factor, electricity and heat selling price are changed, the economic feasibility is valuable when the price of wood chip is over 64,000 won/ton, NPV is minus, and the capacity factor is above 46.9%, the electricity selling price is 116 won/kWh and the heat selling price is above 75,600 won/Gcal. When going over the new installation hereafter, we need the detailed review of the woodchip storage and woodchip feeding system rather than the steam-turbine and boiler which have been inspected many times, the reason why is it's hard to secure the suitable quality (constant size) of woodchip by the lack of understanding about it as a fuel because of the domestic poor condition and the calorific value of woodchip is seriously volatile compared with other fuels.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2021

This study investigated the reference case in the UK where legality and sustainability were systematically established for forest biomass represented by wood pellets. The UK is the country that best utilizes the trade value of wood pellets based on sustainability, with bioenergy accounting for 31% of total renewable energy production. The UK imported wood pellet, estimated 8,697 thousand tons in 2019. The UK government has continuously improved the renewable generation policy system to ensure the sustainability of wood pellets. The weighted average greenhouse gas emissions of a UK biomass power plant that received a Renewable Obligation Certificate (ROC) in 2018-19 was 26.71 gCO2e/MJ. These power plants are expected to meet the upper limit of 72.2 gCO2e/MJ by 2025. To issue an ROC, the biomass power plant must demonstrate that 70% of its total biofuel usage is sustainable. The UK uses the Sustainable Biomass Program (SBP) certification system, which is gradually expanding to other European countries, to prove the sustainability of biomass energy fuels. Global wood pellet production with SBP certification in 2019 was 10.5 Mt. This trend has significant implications for introducing additional sustainability into the wood pellet policy of South Korea.