• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.92-96
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• 2007

Objective : The authors have speculated that metastatic brain lesions from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) show diverse radiological patterns and tumor responses after Gamma knife surgery (GKS), and have hypothesized that these can be predicted from tumor radiological characteristics. The goal of the current study was to identify the radiological characteristics of RCC brain metastases and the predictors of initial radiosurgical response after GKS. Methods : A retrospective analysis was performed on 48 lesions in 18 patients with RCC brain metastasis treated by GKS. The radiological characteristics of these lesions in magnetic resonance images (MRI) were classified into 3 categories according to enhancement patterns in T1-weighted images and signal intensity characteristics in T2-weighted images. Responses to GKS were analyzed according to these categories, and in addition, other potential predictive factors were also evaluated. Results : MRI findings in the three categories were diverse, though numbers of the lesion were comparable. At 2-month MRI follow-ups after GKS, response rate was 54% and the local tumor control rate 83%. T2 signal intensity was found to be the principal predictive factor of response to GKS, namely negative predictive factor. Other variables such as age, sex, tumor volume, dose, duration from initial diagnosis to GKS, and previous systemic therapies failed to show significant relationships with treatment response by multivariate analysis. Conclusion : Careful evaluation of the radiological characteristics of brain metastases from RCC is important prior to GKS because MRI heterogeneity has predictive value in terms of determining initial tumor response.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2007

Sj$\"{o}$gren's syndrome is a systemic, autoimmune disorder of the exocrine glands with associated lymphocytic infiltrates of the affected glands and characteristic of dry eye and mouth. We report a case of Sj$\"{o}$gren's syndrome in which the patient presented systemic symptoms without sicca symptoms and had radiologic findings mimicking multiple skeletal metastasis and was finally confirmed with Sj$\"{o}$gren's syndrome with renal tubualr acidosis.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.128-134
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• 2016

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent radiation therapy with or without targeted molecular therapy for the treatment of spinal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: A total of 28 spinal metastatic lesions from RCC patients treated with radiotherapy between June 2009 and June 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Thirteen lesions were treated concurrently with targeted molecular therapy (concurrent group) and 15 lesions were not (nonconcurrent group). Local control was defined as lack of radiographically evident local progression and neurological deterioration. Results: At a median follow-up of 11 months (range, 2 to 58 months), the 1-year local progression-free rate (LPFR) was 67.0%. The patients with concurrent targeted molecular therapy showed significantly higher LPFR than those without (p = 0.019). After multivariate analysis, use of concurrent targeted molecular therapy showed a tendency towards improved LPFR (hazard ratio, 0.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.01 to 1.16). There was no difference in the incidence of systemic progression between concurrent and nonconcurrent groups. No grade ${\geq}2$ toxicities were observed during or after radiotherapy. Conclusion: Our study suggests the possibility that concurrent use of targeted molecular therapy during radiotherapy may improve LPFR. Further study with a large population is required to confirm these results.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.386-389
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• 2001

An endobronchial metastasis is defined as a subsegmental or a more proximal central bronchial metastasis of a nonpulmonary neoplasm in the bronchoscopically visible range. However, the frequencies of endobronchial metastasis range from 2 to 50% of pulmonary metastases from extrathoracic neoplasms by a different definition of an endobronchial metastasis. Primary neoplasms of an endobronchial metastasis including breast cancer, colon cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer are relatively common. However, an endobronchial metastasis arising from thyroid cancer, parotid gland tumor, bone tumor, bladder cancer, and stomach cancer has only rarely been reported in the literature. Here we report a case of an endobrochial metastases from a hepatocellular carcinoma.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.994-999
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• 2021

Late recurrence over 10 years after surgery and endobronchial metastasis are some of the specific biological behaviors of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The current report describes a case of solitary endobronchial metastasis at a subsegmental bronchus that developed 20 years after curative nephrectomy for RCC. A 71-year-old male was admitted to our hospital for pneumonia. Chest radiography showed multifocal ill-defined nodular opacities in the right lower lung zone, suggesting pneumonia. Subsequent chest CT confirmed pneumonic infiltration in the right lung. However, a 4.3-cm, well-defined, elongated mass with a branching pattern was also identified in the right lower lobe, and a right nephrectomy scar was detected on the covered upper abdomen. The patient had undergone right nephrectomy 20 years ago due to clear cell RCC. After right lower lobectomy, the postoperative pathological diagnosis was endobronchial metastatic clear cell RCC. Endobronchial metastasis should be considered in a patient with a history of RCC who presents with a suspected endobronchial tumor, even decades after curative surgery.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.614-619
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• 2016

The prostate-apoptosis-response-gene-4 (Par-4) protein has been identified as an effector of cell death in response to various apoptotic stimuli in prostate cancer cells. We found that overexpression of Par-4 by stable transfection inhibits cell migration and invasion in Caki cells. The expression of various matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been implicated in the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated whether ectopic expression of Par-4 modulates MMP-2 expression and activity in human renal carcinoma Caki cells. We found that overexpression of Par-4 markedly inhibited MMP-2 activity, but not MMP-9 activity. However, loss of the leucine zipper domain of Par-4 (Par-4 ΔLZ#1 and #2) did not inhibit MMP-2 activity. Further, knock-down of Par-4 with the corresponding siRNA resulted in increased invasion and metastasis of renal carcinoma Caki cells. Interestingly, overexpression or knock-down of Par-4 did not affect the expression levels of MMP-2 mRNA. Taken together, our findings suggest that Par-4 may inhibit MMP-2 activity through its post-transcriptional regulation in renal carcinoma Caki cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.3789-3795
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• 2014

This study aimed to analyze the expression, clinical significance of filamin A (FLNA) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and biological effects in a cell line by regulating FLNA expression. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to analyze FLNA protein expression in 70 cases of RCC and normal tissues to study the relationship with clinical factors. FLNA lentiviral and empty vectors were transfected into RCC to study the influence of up-regulated expression of FLNA. FLNA siRNA was transiently transfected into ACHN kidney carcinoma cells by a liposome-mediated method and protein was detected by Western blotting. The level of expression was found to be significantly lower in RCC than normal tissues (p<0.05). No correlation was noted with gender, age, tumor size or pathological types (p>0.05), but links with lymph node metastasis, clinic stage and histological grade were noted (p<0.05). Loss of FLNA expression correlated significantly with poor overall survival time by Kaplan-Meier analysis (p<0.05). Results for biological function showed that ACHN cells transfected with FLNA had a lower survival fraction, significant decrease in migration and invasion, higher cell apoptosis, higher percentage of the G0/G1 phases, and lower MMP-9 protein expression compared with ACHN cells untransfected with FLNA (p<0.05). However, renal 786-0 cells transfected with FLNA siRNA had a higher survival fraction, significant increase in migration and invasion, and higher MMP-9 protein expression compared (p<0.05). In conclusion, FLNA expression was decreased in RCC and correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis, clinic stage, histological grade and poor overall survival, suggesting that FLNA may play important roles as a a tumor suppressor in RCC by promoting degradation of MMP-9.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.307-309
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• 2010

A 25-year-old female California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) died after a history of depression, loss of appetite, weakness and weight loss. At necropsy, multifocal to coalescing, tan to white, firm nodules, ranging from 0.5 to 3 cm in diameter were observed throughout both kidneys. Renal adenocarcinoma metastasis to the liver, spleen and small intestine was diagnosed based on gross and histopathological findings. To the best our knowledge, this is the first reported case in Korea, and understanding this case will support management and diagnosis of future cases of renal adenocarcinoma in California sea lions.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.84-90
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• 2000

The appearance of a tumor in the chest wall is rare compared to that in any other part of the body. It can be classified into benign and malignant types and can be located in the rib, clavicle, sternum, cartilage and soft tissues. Tumors that are metastatic are commonly located in the lung, breast, bone and pleura. But, the soft tissue mass of anterior chest wall is rarely metastasized from a distant organ that is not confined to the thoracic cavity. This and thus has rarely been described. A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of resting dyspnea. A huge non-tender mass of about $10{\times}15$ cm in size was visible on his left lower anterior chest wall. We pathologically confirmed that the mass was a metastatic renal cell carcinoma of clear cell type by incision biopsy. Through an incision biopsy, the mass was pathologically confirmed as a metastatic renal cell carcinoma of the clear cell type.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 1990

Unexpected renal abnormality can be detected on bone scan using Tc-99m-MDP. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic significance of diffusely increased bliateral renal uptake on bone scarf. 1,500 boor scan were reviewed and 43 scans which showed diffusely increased bliateral renal uptake were selected for analysis. Laboratory findings for renal and liver function tests including routine urinalysis were reviewed in 43 patients. 26 of 43 case showed abnormality in urinalysis and renal function stud 20 of 43 cases showed abnormal liver function study and 3 of these cases were diagnosed as hepatorenal syndrome later. 13 of those 20 cases had liver cirrhosis with or without hepatoma. 12 of 43 cases showed abnormality both in renal and liver function studies. 2 of 43 cases showed diffusely increased bilateral renal uptake after chemotherapy for cancer but not on previous scans before chemotherapy. 2 of 43 cases showed hypercalcemia and 8 of 43 cases had multifocal bone uptake due to metastasis or benign bone lesion. but the latter showed no hypercalcemia at all. There was no significant correlatrion between increased renal uptake and MDP uptake in soft tissue other than kidneys. This study raised the possibility that the impaired liver and/or renal function may result in diffuse increase of bliateral renal uptake of MDP of unknown mechaninsm. It seems to need further study on this correlation.