• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.198-202
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• 2021

Super-selective renal artery embolization is an increasingly popular technique for the management of traumatic, low-grade renal trauma. When performed in distal arterial branches, this intervention enables tissue preservation and arrest of hemorrhage, but it may not be practical in cases of multifocal, high-grade renal injuries. In such cases, surgical nephrectomy remains the more common treatment modality to ensure hemodynamic control. We present the unique case of a patient who presented in hemorrhagic shock following a major trauma that resulted in a grade 5 renal injury treated with complete renal artery embolization using Gelfoam, resulting in hemodynamic stabilization. Interestingly, imaging 1 month after embolization revealed residual enhancement of the inferior pole of the kidney, suggesting reconstitution of flow and partial renal salvage. Ultimately, transcatheter "nephrectomy" with careful selection of a temporary embolic agent may serve as a safe and efficient alternative to surgical nephrectomy with the added possibility of preserving partial renal perfusion and function in the emergent setting.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2010

Acute kidney injury (AKI), formerly referred to as acute renal failure (ARF) is defined as the sudden impairment of kidney function (estimated from the glomerular filtration rate [GFR]) that results in the lack of excretion of waste products. More than 30 definitions of AKI exist in the literature, most of which are based on serum creatinine. Lack of a uniform and multidimensional AKI definition has led to failure to recognize significant renal injury, delays in treatment, and inability to generalize single-study results. The RIFLE criteria were developed to standardize the diagnosis of ARF and in the process the term AKI has been proposed to encompass the entire spectrum of the syndrome from minor changes in renal function to requirement for renal replacement therapy. Large prospective studies are needed to test definitions and to better understand risk factors, incidence, independent outcomes, and mechanisms that lead to poor short- and long-term outcomes. Early biomarkers of AKI need to be explored in critically ill neonates.

• 약학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 1978

Influence of Akebiae Lignum on the renal function of the dog was observed with water-extract, utilizing clearance technique. Akebiae Lignum water-extract (AWE) given intravenously in does of 3.0mg/kg and 30.0mg/kg elicited a marked antidiuretic effect and produced a distinguished decrease of glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow as reduction of sodium and potassium excretion in urine, positive free water clearance and osmolar clearance. AWE infused into a renal artery in doses of 0.03mg/kg/min and 0.1mg/kg/min exhibited identical results to the intravenous action confined only to the infused kidney. These results suggest that AWE elicits antidiuresis in the dog by decreasing glomerulor filtration and renal plasma flow, which are caused by the constriction of vas afferens in the glomeruli.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.237-244
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• 1991

$^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ renal scan has been evaluated not only the renal functional cell mass but also some anatomical structures at a loss of the renal parenchymal function. The author classified a renal morphology of the posterior image of $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ renal scan as the groups of symmetric and asymmetric morphology, the groups of the large, normal and small sized kidneys, the groups of the central photon defects (PD) which could be noted in a dilated pelvocalyceal system due to obstructive uropathy and the cortical photon defects (CD) due to focal parenchymal lesions or scars after a loss of function and the last groups of the single and multiple CD for a suggestion of the clinical usefulness. Regarding to measurement of normal renal size, the longest size of the kidneys were evaluated with 5 cm of a lead scale on the posterior renal image, and those were decided to the limits beteen 104.1 and 119.4 mm as comparison with the renal size of intravenous pyelogram (IVP) in 59 cases who were underwent $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ and IVP concommitantly. Among 85 cases of PD in $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ renal scan, the 61 (71.8%) were cases of a dilated pelvocalyceal system related with obstructive uropathy, meanwhile the 28 (27.0%) of 162 cases with CD were cases of obstructive and infectious uropathy. The probability of a presence of some uropathy in cases of CD were 99.3%, meanwhile that of the presence of CD in cases of some uropathy were 37.9%. Besides, there were some specific anatomical findings such as polycystic kidneys with symmetric enlarged kidneys with multiple CD and the kidneys of chronic renal failure and/or hypertension with symmetric small size in $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ renal stan.

• 약학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.258-273
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• 1988

In this study attempts were made to observe the effects of guanabenz on renal function in dog, which manifests the antihypertensive action by inhibition of sympathetic tone through stimulating the presynaptic adrenoceptor (${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$). Guanabenz, when injected at a dose of $30.0{\mu}g/kg$, or infused at a dose of $3.0{\mu}g/kg/min$ intravenously, produced diuretic action with increased amounts of $Na^+\;and\;K^+$ in urine, and with decreased reabsorption rates of $Na^+\;and\;K^+$ in renal tubules. It was also observed that the rates of osmolar and free water clearances were increased, but the glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were not changed. Guanabenz injected at a dose of $3.0{\mu}g/kg$ into a carotid artery or infused intravenously at a dose of $3.0{\mu}g/kg/min$ in a state of water diuresis elicited the diuretic action of the similar aspect as a case of guanabenz given intravenously. The diuretic action produced by guanabenz was completly blocked by pretreatment of i.v. prazosin, ${\alpha}_1-adrenoblocking$ agent, or of i.v. yohimbine, ${\alpha}_2-adrenergic$ blocking agent. Prazosin, when given into a renal artery, inhibited the diuretic action by i.v. guanabenz in only injected kidney, whereas in case of yohimbine the action was inhibited in both kidney. Guanabenz infused at a dose of $1.0{\mu}g/kg/min$ into a renal artery exhibited no significant changes of renal function in both kidney. In denervation experiments, guanabenz given intravenously produced typical diuretic action in innervated kidney, whereas in denervated kidney, it did not affect the action at initial period but exhibited the action with increase of only free water clearance at later period. These results suggest that guanabenz produced diuretic action in dog by inhibition of electrolyte reabsorption rates in renal tabules, mainly proximal tubule and of ADH release, which is mediated by stimulating of central sympathetic ${\alpha}_2-receptor$.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.269-280
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• 1990

The purpose of the present experiment was to determine the functional subclassification of renal adenosine receptor fer the hemdynamic, excretory and secretory functions in unanesthetized rabbits. Adenosine antagonist, 8-phenyltheophylline (8-PT) or theophylline, was infused into the left renal artery followed by an infusion of adenosine agonist, cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) or 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA). Intrarenal arterial infusion of CHA or NECA caused decreases in urine volume, glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and excreted amount of electrolytes and renin release in a dose-dependent manner. Dose-response curves in renal function by CHA or NECA was similar and shifted to the right with pretreatment of 8-PT or theophylline. No significant differences in renal response to CHA and NECA in antagonist-treated rabbits were observed. However, the decrease in renin secretion rate was not affected by the adminstration of adenosine antagonists. These results suggest that the renal effect of adenosine receptor agonists appears by way of specific adenosine receptor, but which is not functionally subclassified in the rabbit.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.292-302
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• 2009

Ischemia/reperfusion injury, which is commonly seen in the field of renal surgery or transplantation, is a major cause of acute renal failure. Previous studies showed that antioxidant treatments attenuated renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. The objective of this study was to examine the role of hesperidin in modulating reactive oxygen species induced inflammation and apoptosis after renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Rats were subjected to right nephrectomy, 15 days later 45 min of renal ischemia and 24 h reperfusion with or without treatment with hesperidin. Renal function, inflammation and apoptosis were compared at 24 h after reperfusion injury. Hesperidin improved the renal dysfunction and reduced inflammation and apoptosis after ischemia/reperfusion injury. In conclusion, hesperidin shows potent anti-apoptotic and antiinflammatory properties due to antioxidant property. These findings may have major implications in the treatment of human ischemic acute renal failure.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2023

Cystatin C, a low-molecular-weight protein synthesized by cells, is being explored as a valuable biomarker for assessing renal function in veterinary medicine. Although the relationship between cystatin C and heart disease remains unclear, some studies suggest a possible association. This retrospective case-control study aimed to investigate the role of cystatin C as a biomarker for heart disease and its correlation with diuretic use in veterinary clinical practice. A total of 39 dogs were included in this study, comprising 9 control dogs without a predisposition to heart disease and 30 dogs in the study group diagnosed with heart disease. Among the 30 dogs with heart disease, 18 exhibited symptoms indicative of heart failure. Results showed significantly higher cystatin C levels in the heart disease group compared to the control group (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed among different stages of heart disease severity in the control group. Furthermore, cystatin-C showed statistically positive correlations with BUN (r=0.478, P<0.01), creatinine (r=0.506, P<0.01), and furosemide (r=0.338, P<0.05). Diuretics are essential for managing congestive heart failure, and the observed associations between cystatin C and furosemide suggest potential impacts of diuretic use on renal function in dogs with heart failure. Monitoring renal function markers, such as cystatin C, can aid in predicting and managing potential renal complications, ultimately improving the overall health and quality of life of dogs with heart disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2002

목 적 : 산전 초음파에서 수신증이 발견되어 신생아기에 진단된 신우 요관 이행부 폐쇄로 인한 중등도 이상의 수신증 환아들의 적절한 수술 시기에 관해 연구하고자 하였다. 방 법: 1995년부터 2001년까지 서울중앙병원에서 신우 요관 이행부의 폐쇄로 인한 편측 수신증으로 신우성형술을 시행받은 28명의 환아를 대상으로 수술 전후로 신장초음파와 MAG3 신스캔을 시행하여 수신증의 변화와 상대적 신기능과 신배설 형태의 변화를 추적 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 신우요관 이행부의 폐쇄로 인한 편측 수신증으로 수술한 환아 28명을 신장초음파와 MAG3 신스캔으로 추적 관찰한 결과 신장 초음파에서 수신증의 정도는 모든 예에서 호전되는 소견을 보였다. 상대적 신기능이 35% 이하로 떨어져 수술한 환아 10명 가운데 3명만이 상대적 신기능이 40% 이상으로 호전을 보였고, 나머지 7명은 수술 후에 상대적 신기능이 회복되지 않았다. 수술 후 이뇨 레노그램에서의 변화는 모든 예에서 배설 형태가 호전되는 양상을 보였다. 결 론 : 편측의 신우 요관 이행부 폐쇄에 의한 심한 수신증을 나타내는 신생아와 유아에 있어 이미 상대적 신기능이 손상되고 나서 수술을 하면 신기능이 회복되지 않는 경우가 많으므로, 상대적 신기능이 저하된 경우에는 조기에 수술을 시행하여야 한다. 또한 신기능이 저하되지 않더라도 신폐쇄의 가능성이 있으면 신손상을 예방하기 위해서 조기 수술이 고려되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.137-147
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• 1994