• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.538-544
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• 2009

Objective : Primary treatment of spinal metastasis has been external beam radiotherapy. Recent advance of technology enables radiosurgery to be extended to extracranial lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery using Cyberknife in spinal metastasis. Methods : From June, 2002 to December, 2007, 129 patients with 167 spinal metastases were treated with Cyberknife. Most of the patients (94%) presented with pain and nine patients suffered from motor deficits. Twelve patients were asymptomatic. Fifty-three patients (32%) had previous radiation therapy. Using Cyberknife, 16-39 Gy in 1-5 fractions were delivered to spinal metastatic lesions. Radiation dose was not different regarding the tumor pathology or tumor volume. Results : After six months follow-up, patient evaluation was possible in 108 lesions. Among them, significant pain relief was seen in 98 lesions (91%). Radiological data were obtained in 83 lesions. The mass size was decreased or stable in 75 lesions and increased in eight lesions. Radiological control failure cases were hepatocellular carcinoma (5 cases), lung cancer (1 case), breast cancer (1 case) and renal cell carcinoma (1 case). Treatment-related radiation injury was not detected. Conclusion : Cyberknife radiosurgery is clinically effective and safe for spinal metastases. It is true even in previously irradiated patients. Compared to conventional radiation therapy, Cyberknife shows higher pain control rate and its treatment process is more convenient for patients. Thus, it can be regarded as a primary treatment modality for spinal metastases.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7737-7740
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• 2014

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a strong predictor of mortality in patients with pancreatic, colorectal, lung, gastric cancer and renal cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pathological complete response (pCR) and pretreatment NLR values in locally advanced breast cancer (BC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Materials and Methods: Datawere collected retrospectively from the Akdeniz University School of Medicine Database for locally advanced BC patients treated with NACT between January 2000-December 2013. Results: A total of 78 patients were analyzed. Sixteen (20%) patients achieved pCR. Estrogen receptor (ER) positivity was lower in pCR+ than pCR-cases (p=0.011). The median NLR values were similar in both arms. The optimum NLR cut-off point for BC patients with PCR+ was 2.33 (AUC:0.544, 95%CI [0.401-0.688], p=0.586) with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (NPV) of 50%, 51,6%, 21,1%, and 80%, respectively. Conclusions: This study showed no relationship between the pCR and pretreatment NLR values. Because of a considerable high NPV, in the patients with higher NLR who had luminal type BC in which pCR is lower after NACT, such treatment may not be recommended.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2014

암의 다발성 뼈 전이는 폐암, 유방암, 전립선암, 신장암 등 다양한 암에서 흔히 관찰된다. 뼈 전이는 뼈에 발생한 이차적인 암으로 통증, 골절, 그리고 체중을 지지하는 뼈의 불안정성을 유발할 수 있어 신체활동과 삶의 질을 저하시킨다. 뼈 전이 치료 시 병리조직소견, 환자의 전신 상태, 침범 부위, 그리고 환자의 신경학적 소견등 다양한 요인을 고려하여 진통제, 수술, 항암화학요법 그리고 방사선 치료 등을 시행하게 된다. 외부 방사선 치료는 전통적으로 국소 뼈 전이로 인한 통증의 치료에 이용되어왔지만 특히 유방암이나 전립선암의 다발성 골형성 뼈 전이의 경우 $^{89}Sr$, $^{186}Re$, $^{188}Re$, $^{153}Sm$ and $^{117m}Sn$ 등의 방사성동위원소를 이용한 치료가 시행되고 있는데, 약제 투여의 간편함, 낮은 부작용, 방사능 피폭위험에서의 안전성, 높은 치료 반응 등 다양한 장점을 가진 치료로 임상에서의 유용성이 점차 증가되고 있다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2003

A new series of highly water soluble platinum(II) complexes[Pt(II)(DL-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate)(trans-l-1,2-dimninocyc1ohexane)] (PC-1) and [Pt(II)DL-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyrate](cis-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)](PC-2) were synthesized and characterized by their elemental analysis and by various spectroscopic techniques [infrared(IR), $^{13}C$-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)]. In vitro antitumor activity of new Pt(II)complexes was tested against MKN-45, MKN/ADM and MKN/CDDP human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines using colorimetric MTT[3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] assay for cell survival and proliferation. PC-1 and PC-2 showed active against MKN-45/P, MKN/ADM and MKN/CDDP human gastric cancer cell lines, and the antitumor activity of these compounds were comparable or superior to that of cisplatin. The nephrotoxicities of PC-1 and PC-2 were found quite less then that of cisplatin using MTT and [$^3H$] thymidine uptake tests in rabbit proximal tubule cells, human kidney cortical cells human renal cortical tissues. Based on these results, these novel platinum(II) complex compounds(PC-1 ＆ PC-2) represent a valuable lead in the development of the new anticancer chemotherapeutic agents capable of improving antitumor activity and low nephrotoxicity.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2019

Humanized mice, containing engrafted human cells and tissues, are emerging as an important in vivo platform for studying human diseases. Since the development of Nod scid gamma (NSG) mice bearing mutations in the IL-2 receptor gamma chain, many investigators have used NSG mice engrafted with human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to generate functional human immune systems in vivo, results in high efficacy of human cell engraftment. The development of NSG mice has allowed significant advances to be made in studies on several human diseases, including cancer and graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), and in regenerative medicine. Based on the human HSC transplantation, organ transplantation including thymus and liver in the renal capsule has been performed. Also, immune reconstruction of cells, of the lymphoid as well as myeloid lineages, has been partly accomplished. However, crosstalk between pluripotent stem cell derived therapeutic cells with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mis/matched types and immune CD3 T cells have not been fully addressed. To overcome this hurdle, human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, not mouse MHC molecules, are required to generate functional T cells in a humanized mouse model. Here, we briefly summarize characteristics of the humanized mouse model, focusing on development of CD3 T cells with MHC molecules. We also highlight the necessity of the humanized mouse model for the treatment of various human diseases.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.697-701
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 항응고제로서의 역할을 가지면서 또한 혈액응고와는 관련 없는 종양세포의 전이 등을 조절하는 것으로 알려진 activated protein C (APC)가 종양세포의 사멸에는 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$와 cyclohexamide를 병합 처리하거나 FAS를 처리하게 되면 인간 신장암세포인 Caki에서는 유의적인 세포사멸이 일어난다. 하지만, APC는 이러한 세포사멸에 아무런 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 또한 TRAIL을 인간 뇌 암세포인 T98G와 유방암세포인 MDA231세포에 처리하여 세포사멸을 일으켰을 때에도 APC는 세포사멸을 조절하지 못하였다. 그러나, TRAIL에 대한 민감도를 증가시키기 위한 kahweol과 TRAIL의 병합처리나, kahweol과 malatonin의 병합처리에 의한 신장암세포의 사멸은 APC에 의해 유의적으로 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서, 이는 APC가 항암치료의 효율성을 조절 할 수 있는 가능성을 가짐을 의미한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2015

Background: Patients on dialysis undergoing surgery belong to a high-risk group. Only a few studies have evaluated the outcome of major thoracic surgical procedures in dialysis patients. We evaluated the outcomes of pulmonary resection for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients on hemodialysis (HD). Methods: Between 2008 and 2013, seven patients on HD underwent pulmonary resection for NSCLC at our institution. We retrospectively reviewed their surgical outcomes and prognoses. Results: The median duration of HD before surgery was 55.0 months. Five patients underwent lobectomy and two patients underwent wedge resection. Postoperative morbidity occurred in three patients, including pulmonary edema combined with pneumonia, cerebral infarction, and delirium. There were no instances of in-hospital mortality, although one patient died of intracranial bleeding 15 days after discharge. During follow-up, three patients (one patient with pathologic stage IIB NSCLC and two patients with pathologic stage IIIA NSCLC) experienced recurrence and died as a result of the progression of the cancer, while the remaining three patients (with pathologic stage I NSCLC) are alive with no evidence of disease. Conclusion: Surgery for NSCLC in HD patients can be performed with acceptable perioperative morbidity. Good medium-term survival in patients with pathologic stage I NSCLC can also be expected. Pulmonary resection seems to be the proper treatment option for dialysis patients with stage I NSCLC.

• BMB Reports
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.445-450
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• 2019

TTYH2 is a calcium-activated, inwardly rectifying anion channel that has been shown to be related to renal cancer and colon cancer. Based on the topological prediction, TTYH2 protein has five transmembrane domains with the extracellular N-terminus and the cytoplasmic C-terminus. In the present study, we identified a vesicle transport protein, ${\beta}$-COP, as a novel specific binding partner of TTYH2 by yeast two-hybrid screening using a human brain cDNA library with the C-terminal region of TTYH2 (TTYH2-C) as a bait. Using in vitro and in vivo binding assays, we confirmed the protein-protein interactions between TTYH2 and ${\beta}$-COP. We also found that the surface expression and activity of TTYH2 were decreased by co-expression with ${\beta}$-COP in the heterologous expression system. In addition, ${\beta}$-COP associated with TTYH2 in a native condition at a human colon cancer cell line, LoVo cells. The over-expression of ${\beta}$-COP in the LoVo cells led to a dramatic decrease in the surface expression and activity of endogenous TTYH2. Collectively, these data suggested that ${\beta}$-COP plays a critical role in the trafficking of the TTYH2 channel to the plasma membrane.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 1998

Objectives: Deletion in the short arm of chromosome 3 is common in many human cancers, including sporadic and hereditary renal carcinomas, small cell lung carcinomas, non-small cell lung carcinomas, and carcinomas of the ovary, breast, and cervix. A high frequency of chromosomal aberrations in head and neck cancers involving chromosome 3p has also been reported. These findings suggest that multiple tumor suppressor genes may be present on the short arm of chromosome 3. Materials and Methods: To investigate the possibility of chromosome 3p deletions in the Korean head and neck cancer patients, we applied a polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis to the DNA samples of matched normal mucosa and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas from 19 patients. Results: In the 19 normal samples heterozygosity at the polymorphic loci varied: 6 at the D3F15S2 locus(on telomeric 3p21), 2 at the D3S32 locus(on centromeric 3p21), and 4 at the THRB locus(on centromeric 3p24). In 12 matched carcinoma specimens, LOH(loss of heterozygosity) was observed at D3F15S2 in 1 of 6(17%), D3S32 in 1 of 2(50%), and at THRB in 2 of 4 cases(50%). Conclusion: The frequency of chromosome 3p deletion in the Korean head and neck carcinomas appear as other country did.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제74권4호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2013

Background: Although the lung is a common site of metastasis, endobronchial metastases (EBM) from extrathoracic malignancies are rare. Previous studies were retrospective reviews of the cases from each single institute, and the last one was performed between 1992 and 2002. We evaluated the characteristics of patients with EBM who had been diagnosed in recent 10 years in our hospital. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1,275 patients who had undergone diagnostic bronchoscopic procedures between 2001 and 2011. An EBM was defined as bronchoscopically notable lesion, which was histopathologically identical to the primary tumor. Results: A total of 18 cases of EBM were identified. The mean age was 53 years, and 12 cases of the 18 patients were female. The most common primary malignancies were colorectal cancer and breast cancer (4 cases each), followed by cervix cancer (3 cases) and renal cell carcinoma (2 cases). Cough was the most common symptom. The most common radiologic finding was atelectasis, which was identified in 27.7% of the cases. The median interval from the diagnosis of primary malignancy to the diagnosis of EBM was 14 months (range, 0-112 months). The median survival time from the diagnosis of EBM was 10 months (range, 1-39 months). Conclusion: EBM from extrathoracic malignancies were rare. Colorectal cancer and breast cancer were common as primary malignancies. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy should be performed in all patients, who are suspected of having EBM. If atypical clinical and pathological features are present, appropriate diagnostic studies should be undertaken.