• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2015

PURPOSES: This study set out to investigate the current state of microsurfacing in Texas and compared the results with the current state of the practice nationwide. METHODS: For this study, case studies were extracted from the existing literature and compared with the data obtained both from site visits by the research team and data obtained from a survey by Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) personnel. The successes and failures of microsurfacing are detailed and explanations of different issues are outlined. Forensic studies from Texas are included in the descriptions of those microsurfacings that failed when configured as part of the cape seals. RESULTS : Microsurfacing has been shown to be an effective pavement preservation technique when applied to an appropriate road, at an appropriate timing, and as a remedy for certain issues. The failures experienced in Texas can mostly be attributed to cape seals and an inability to recognize structurally faulty pavement. CONCLUSIONS : When applied to an appropriate road, at an appropriate timing, and as a remedy for certain issues, microsurfacing has been shown to perform well in numerous case studies. The majority of microsurfacing failures are the result of poor project selection, usually involving the treatment being applied to structurally unsound pavement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.571-579
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• 2007

This study was conducted to qualify the equality of the flow distribution from open channel between rapid mixing basin and flocculation basins in a domestic full-scale water treatment plant, and suggest a remedy for improving the equality. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the suggested remedy, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique are used, and for verifying the CFD simulation results wet tests were carried out for the pilot scale channel based on geometric similarity. From the results of CFD simulation and wet tests, it was investigated that the modification of hydraulic structure in the distribution channel, which is to install the longitudinal orifice baffle in flow direction, could improve the equality of the flow distribution. Also, in the case that Froude number is relatively small (Froude number <<0.03), the open ratio of orifices on the installed baffle hardly affects the equality of flow distribution.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.93-100
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• 2018

Cyber defamation is the act of damaging the reputation of the other person on the Internet, and the act of attacking by the commenting the article through a word or blog. The reason why punishment is stronger than general contempt is that the nature of crime about defamation is worse than contempt. Also, punishment intensity is higher than defamation because the nature of cyber information spreads widely. Honor is not only a question of self-esteem or identity, but also a function that economically reduces the cost of seeking information or socially trustworthy. Through these two functions, it has been developed as a legal system to protect the honor as well as asking the legal sanction for defamation. However, although honor is used in various meanings in everyday life, the honor of legal level is understood in a more limited sense. It is because the law cannot actively lead and protect all honor feelings for one's feelings or mood occurred by hurt. However, if the social evaluation of a group or individual is undermined through a certain distortion of the truth, the law will actively intervene. However, due to the ambiguity of the legal sanctions standards and the identification of the parties involved in the defamation of cyberspace, it was difficult to solve the problems related to defamation in fact. Therefore, this paper will try to find out the problems of civil legal remedy due to the cyber defamation, and seek a solution for civil legal remedy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.4 no.3 s.14
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• pp.25-31
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• 2004

Rail road slope can be fatted because of existence of unexpected soft subsoil. Purpose of this study is verifying the cause of rail road slope failure and determination of soil strength for remedy. Drilling some boreholes, cone penetration test and field vane test were executed in order to find out the cause of slope failure. In addition, laboratory test was conducted in order to determine soil strength of soft soil sampled as undisturbed state. As a result of both the in-situ and the laboratory tests, the cause of slope failure is thought to be propagation of failure zone by progressive rupture of overconsolidated clay Soft soil strength was determined through back analysis of the failed slope.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.383-396
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• 2016

This study investigated highschool students' brain waves on functional tasks such as a transition(F task) from equation to graph and the other transition(G task) vice versa. A total of 39 students participated in the study who attended a high school located in Gyunggi province. These students were divided into two groups, HMA and LMA by MASS test revised by Ko, & Yi (2012). The functional tasks for the stroop task to measure EEG were provided from a previous study, Seok(2015). The results indicated two groups on G tasks showed deeper and wider brain waves which demonstrated G tasks were more difficult than F tasks. However, HMA group had an effect of the non-psychological program which had given more chances on G tasks rather than F tasks within Students' Zone of Proximal Development. Also, HMA group's brain waves had more ranges in amplitude and width of waves. These results imply that the characteristics of students' brain waves with math anxiety are consistent to the previous studies.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.114-124
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• 2007

Purpose : The pharmacological effects of medicinal remedies traditionally used in Asian countries for improving the blood circulation were examined on isolated rat thoracic aorta strips in organ baths. Methods and results : Each experimental medicine was consecutively extracted under reflux with water. Of three medicinal remedies . Hirudo(HI) having the strongest acute relaxant activity in endothelium-intact arteries, Tabanus(TA), Empoly ohaga(EO) were showing dose-dependent relaxant activity. Long-term relaxant effects were showed in Hirudo(HI) and Empoly ohaga(EO). In endothelium-injury test using carbachol, Hirudo(HI), Tabanus(TA) and Empoly of ohaga(EO) were not damaged to endothelium. Conclusion: As a result of this study, the possibility that a part of medicinal remedy may contribute to the beneficial effects in blood circulation was proposed, but inter-individual variation has been observed. Also, further studies on the vasorelaxant effects of these remedies are still required.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 2005

Objective : The main purpose of this report is to investigate the effect of Korean traditional medical care about Pruritic Dermatosis Methods : The patient was treated with Acupuncture, herb medicine, Herbal-acupuncture. we evaluated the change of symptom through Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) and photos of the skin Results : After 10 times of treatment, There was remarkable improvement in symptoms of the patient. Conclusion : We confirmed the superiority of Korean traditional medical care about Pruritic Dermatoses. We think that we must research effective remedy through many more case reports.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.145-173
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze remedial value of External Qigong Therapy(EQT), to investigate the primary factors influencing EQT and the demend of EQT. Methods : This study took the data analysis from the questionnaire to the patients and therapists of EQT in oriental medical hospital attached Dae-Jeon University from April to September in 2009. The therapist, who is in college of oriental medicine, Dae-jeon University, was explained of the operation of EQT, and then operated EQT to the patients. The therapists and patients took the questionnaire twice, before and after EQT. Results and Conclusions : 1. Accoding to the research, the patients consider that their symptoms get better after EQT and that the unexpectable effect of EQT is stability of mind. 2. The primary factors influencing on remedy effect is patient's faith in the therapist & EQT, patient and therapist's positive expectation on EQT, patient's will to treated on EQT and therapist's effort to form the rapport with patient. 3. It is KRW 5463 that the patient group consider as resonable expense of EQT and it is 23 minutes that patient group consider as proper time of EQT.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.371-381
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• 2015

The object of this study was to obtain single oral dose toxicity of Arisaema Rhizome (Arisaema amurense f. serratum (Nakai) Kitag) aqueous extracts. Arisaema Rhizome (Chunnamsong in Korean) is one of the most important folk remedy plants used in Asia. In the study, a 28-day rat oral gavage study has been conducted with the extracts from Arisaema Rhizome at dose of 1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 ㎎/㎏/day. The following endpoints were evaluated: clinical observations, body weight, gross and microscopic pathology, clinical chemistry, and hematology. Based on the analysis of these endpoints, it was estimated that NOEL (no observed effect level) for male rats and NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) for female rats are 5000 ㎎/㎏/day of the water-extracts from Arisaema Rhizome.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.1-30
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• 2020

This paper analyzes how injunctions relate to patent hold-up problems. To this end, we present a simple model of licensing negotiations between a patent holder and a downstream firm in the shadow of litigation. More specifically, we consider the situation in which an injunction is granted as a matter of course if a patent is found valid and infringed upon in litigation, but the patent holder may be under-compensated due to aspects of the patent remedy system other than injunctions. We show that if the downstream user is unaware of the patent before any investment in initially designing its product, the patent hold-up problems created by injunction threats are worrisome when (i) the redesign process is costly, (ii) the degree of patent protection (by aspects of the patent remedy system other than injunctions) is sufficiently strong and (iii) the injunction is requested not to practice the patented technology exclusively but to collect excessive patent royalties. Even if the downstream user is aware of the patent before the initial investment, the patent hold-up problems do not disappear. The findings here imply that a discretionary approach is required towards denying injunctions against patent infringement. If the degree of patent protection is not sufficiently strong, denying injunctions can exacerbate the under-compensation problem. However, once patent protection improves enough (not necessarily perfectly), we may see a surge of patent hold-up problems, and it would be better to apply alternative patent remedies in place of injunctions when necessary. Lastly, we discuss several possible alternatives to injunctions and their pros and cons.