• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2015

The critical factors affecting the esthetics of anterior implants can be summarized as following: 1) Correct positioning of implant fixture, 2) Enough amount of alveolar bone, 3) Optimum volume of soft tissue. The position of implant is probably the most important factor in obtaining esthetic treatment outcome. The 3-dimensional orientation of implant is determined by the position on the alveolar ridge and its direction. Clinicians often try to mimic natural teeth when fabricating restorations. During the course of esthetic diagnosis and treatment, however, one should not forget to consider the correlation between facial pattern, lips, gingiva, alveolar ridge, as well as remaining dentition. Since anterior region is biologically unfavorable when compared with posterior region, one minor discrepancy in positioning of implant can cause esthetically undesirable treatment outcome. If one understands the biological and prosthetic meaning of implant' s 3-dimensional position, he or she can achieve superior esthetic outcome in anterior region.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.6 s.71
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• pp.981-989
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• 1998

Positions, angulation and mesiodistal dimension of lower incisors are important in esthetics, occlusion and post-treatment stability of tower arch. When lower incisor is congenitally missing, problems such as increased overjet and overbite, closing in of adjacent teeth and size/space discrepancies may occur. When creating treatment plans, incisor position and angulation, lip support, anteroposterior skeletal relationship canine-molar relationship, overjet overbite, remaining growth potential, crowding and anterior tooth ratio have to be considered. For an accurate analysis of incisal size discrepancy, diagnostic model set-up may be helpful. The two patients in this presentation both had two lower incisor missing, but the degree of crowding, skeletal relationship, lip support, molar relationship are different and therefore treatment plan was different as well. Long term follow-up may be necessary for stability and retention.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.957-967
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• 2017

Objectives: This study consisted of a literature review on oral health among people with disabilities, and to present the factors that should be considered in developing an oral health program for people with disabilities. Methods: The key words 'people with disabilities' and 'oral health' were searched in 4 Korean academic journals and 5 online search engines and a total of 635 papers were identified. Duplicate papers were removed, and the literature selection criteria were applied to the remaining papers. Finally, a total of 45 papers were used in the review. Results: First, people with disabilities were the most common research subjects, followed by dental students, dental hygiene students, dentists, dental hygienist and guardians and special education teachers. Second, the most frequently studied research topic was dental examination, followed by oral health behavior and behavior of using dental clinics. Third, research purposes included the status of oral health, the quality of oral health, dental treatment, the use of oral health service, and oral hygiene behavior and perception. Fourth, the most frequently discussed policy task was expansion of research subjects, followed by oral hygiene and policy development. Conclusions: To enhance the oral health of people with disabilities who have difficulty in keeping their teeth clean and healthy on their own, development of an oral hygiene training program is required not only for people with disabilities, but also for guardians and teachers. It is equally important to examine oral health behavior that could potentially affect the status of oral health and create a more accurate and systematic oral hygiene method. In addition, the government, together with various other research institutes, should conduct an oral health survey of a representative sample of people with disabilities to determine oral health status and facilitate improvements to oral hygiene programs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.170-180
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• 1997

Cariogenicity of the bacteria is attributed to their binding capacity to the teeth. Bacterial attachment to oral surfaces is an essential step for colonization and subsequently infection. Therefore, it is conceivable that caries prevention can be achieved fundamentally by inhibition of bacterial attachment. The rationale for caries prevention through the use of sugar substitutes or limited use of sugar has been revealed. Among many sugar substitutes, xylitol has been shown to exhibit the most profound cariostatic effect, inhibiting glucose metabolism and possibly binding of mutans streptococci. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of xylitol on binding of different species of oral bacteria. The effect of xylitol on binding of [$^3H$]-labeled oral bacteria to hydroxyapatite coated with human saliva(SHA) as a model for the pellicle-coated tooth surfaces was investigated. The strains of oral bacteria used in this study were A. viscosus T14V, A. viscosus WVU627, P. gingivaiis 2561, P. gingivalis A7Al-28, S. gordonii G9B, S. gordonii Challis, S. sobrinus 6715, S. mutans UA101, S. mutans KPSK -2, S. mutans T8, and S. mutans UA130. The obtained results were as follows: 1. P. gingivalis A7 Al-28, S. mutans UA130, S. mutans T8 grown with xylitol showed greater binding to SHA than the organism grown without xylitol. Among these, S. mutans T8 showed the greatest rate of increase in its binding to SHA ; 8-fold increase in its binding with xylitol. 2. S. mutans KPSK -2 grown with xylitol showed 2 times lesser binding to SHA than the organism grown without xylitol. 3. Binding ability of the remaining strains grown with xylitol to SHA was almost same as that of the organisms grown without xylitol. The overall results suggest that use of xylitol in the oral cavity may affect the complex oral bacterial ecosystem.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.235-243
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the correlation of calcified carotid atheromatous plaque (CCAP), the mandibular cortical index, and periodontal bone loss in panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: One hundred eighty-five panoramic radiographs with CCAP and 234 without this finding were evaluated by 3 observers for the presence of osseous changes related to osteoporosis and periodontal bone loss. Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the two groups for an association of CCAP with the mandibular cortical index and periodontal bone loss, respectively. Results: There was a statistically significant coincidence of CCAP and osseous changes related to osteopenia/osteoporosis, with a p-value <0.001. There was no statistically significant coincidence of CCAP and periodontal bone loss. When comparing the 2 groups, "With CCAP" and "Without CCAP", there was a statistically significant association with the mean body mass index (BMI), number of remaining teeth, positive history of diabetes mellitus, and vascular accidents. There was no statistically significant association with gender or a history of smoking. Conclusion: This study identified a possible concurrence of CCAP and mandibular cortical changes secondary to osteopenia/osteoporosis in panoramic radiographs. This could demonstrate the important role of dental professionals in screening for these systemic conditions, leading to timely and appropriate referrals resulting in early interventions and thus improving overall health.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.191-203
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• 1997

Recently, alteration on chemical treatment on the root and removal of pathologic bacteria, which is the main reason for periodontal disease, by complete removal of infected cementum layer was been emphasied In this study, teeth extracted due to periodontal disease were root planed using periodontal curette and roto bur. Then they were treated with different concentration of Tetracycline HCI at different time. The state of root surface and change in the pre and post treatment was observed. The results were as follows. 1. The group treatment with periodontal curette and saline showed remaining plaque, debris and irregular surface and no dentianl tubule orifice could be seen. 2. The group treatment with periodontal curette and tetracycline HCI showed process compoed with decacified material and there was concanity seemed to be a lacunae of cementocyte. 3. The group treatment with roto bur and saline, there was no remaning plaque and partial dentinal tubule orifice could be seen but smear layer covering them.4. The group treatment with roto bur and tetracycline HCI showed various shape and size dentinal tubule orifice could be seen. From the results, roto bur showed cleaner surfaces than treatment with periodontal curette. But still smear layer existed. Thus for regeneration of periodontal tissue, chemical treatment using tetracycline HCI should follow roto bur treatment. And it is considered that the treatment time is more important than the concentration of tetracycline HCl.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2017

In removable partial denture with crossed occlusion, it is difficult to meet the satisfaction of patient due to variable movement of denture and unfavorable stability under loading. In a case with few unilaterally teeth remaining, additional treatments such as implantation or residual root are required to assure bilaterally stable support. However, due to the medical condition of the patient with hypertension, angina and old age etc., removable partial denture was planned as treatment in this case. Proper diagnosis, accurate analysis and full understanding of the adaptation for neuromuscular system are necessary to recover the vertical dimension of patient from a decreased vertical dimension due to crossed occlusion.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.536-545
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• 1997

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the degree of cavity cleanliness and to observe cavity wall morphology when root-end retrograde cavity preparation was done with ultrasonics. Root resections were done on 20 extracted human maxillary central incisors after canal filling with gutta-percha, and retrocavities were prepared using a slow-speed round bur as a control, and stainless steel ultrasonic tips of power settings of 2 and 6 ($Miniendo^{TM}$, EIE, SA, USA) as experimentals. The degree of the remaining cavity debris and smear layer, and wall morphology were evaluated under the scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows : Cavity prepared with ultrasonics of either power setting showed significantly less smear layer than did slow-speed preparations (p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in canal debris (p<0.05). Cavity prepared with ultrasonics showed hatcheted appearance of wall, while slow-speed preparation showed relatively plain one.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2016

In removable dental prostheses, it is important to minimize impairment of residual tissue caused by wearing dentures. There are two factors that harm residual tissue. The first is functional load bearing of remaining teeth and alveolar ridges and the second is the effect of poor oral hygiene. Double crown retained removable dental prostheses provide rigid support, and it may reduce impairment caused by load bearing of alveolar ridges. Also, dental plaque and oral deposits, which are attached to outer crowns and dentures, can be easily managed extra-orally. In addition, it is beneficial to the health of the marginal gingiva because inner crowns have easy access for oral hygiene. In this case, double crown retained removable dental prostheses were used for the partially edentulous patient with severe residual alveolar bone resorption and poor oral hygiene, and the result was clinically satisfactory in terms of functional, esthetical, and oral hygiene aspects.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.204-208
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• 2013

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a promotion campaign for subject recruitment and selection, and reasons of withdrawal from a prospective clinical trial of mandibular two-implant supported overdenture. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The subjects of this study were participants in a randomized controlled clinical trial for investigating prognosis of implants and overdentures with attachments. Recruited subjects were classified by gender, age, and participation motives. Withdrawal rate of the participants before and after enrollment were evaluated. RESULTS. 177 patients were recruited and 51 patients were enrolled for the trial. Among them, 40 participants eventually took part in the trial. 116 subjects (65.5%) were recruited by advertisement and 61 (34.5%) were referred by patients of the hospital or local clinics. Regarding recruitment effectiveness, newspaper recruited the largest number of participants. With respect to referral patients, the proportion of our hospital patients was higher (37/61). Subjects in their 70s comprised the largest proportion (22/51). The male to female ratio was similar (25:26). Final withdrawal rate of all subjects were 74.0%. Among the reasons for withdrawal from enrollment (n=126) presence of remaining teeth and lack of motivation were the most common reasons. CONCLUSION. To facilitate recruitment of clinical trial subjects and improve enrollment rate, it is important to obtain a sufficient number of researchers, perform promotion activity with diverse strategies, cooperate with local dentists, increase the research funding, and alleviate subjects' fear against clinical trials by thorough consultation.