• The Korean Nurse
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.52-67
• /
• 1989

True nursing care means total nursing care which includes physical, emotional and spiritual care. The modern nursing care has tendency to focus toward physical care and needs attention toward emotional and spiritual care. The total nursing care is mandatory for patients with terminal cancer and for this purpose, hospice care became emerged. Hospice case originated from the place or shelter for the travellers to Jerusalem in medieval stage. However, the meaning of modem hospice care became changed to total nursing care for dying patients. Modern hospice care has been developed in England, and spreaded to U.S.A. and Canada for the patients with terminal cancer. Nowaday, it became a part of nursing care and the concept of hospice care extended to the palliative care of the cancer patients. Recently, it was introduced to Korea and received attention as model of total nursing care. This study was attempted to assess the efficacy of hospice care. The purpose of this study was to prove a difference in terms of physical, emotional a d spiritual aspect between the group who received hospice care and who didn't receive hospice care. The subject for this study were 113 patients with advanced cancer who were hospitalized in the S different hospitals. 67 patients received hospice care in 4 different hospitals, and 46 patients didn't receive hospice care in another 4 different hospitals. The method of this study was the questionaire which was made through the descriptive study. The descriptive study was made by individual contact with 102 patients cf advanced cancer for 9 months period. The measurement tool for questionaire was made by author through the descriptive study, and included the personal religious orientation obtained from chung(originated R. Fleck) and 5 emotional stages before dying from Kubler Ross. The content ol questionaire consisted in 67 items which included 11 for general characteristics, 10 for related condition with cancer, 13 for wishes far physical therapy, 13 for emotional reactions and 20 for personal religious orientation. Data for this study was collected from Aug. 25 to Oct. 6 by author and 4 other nurse's who received education and training by author for the collection of data. The collected data were ana lysed using descriptive statistics, $X^2-test$, t-test and pearson correlation coefficient. Results of the study were as follows: "H.C Group" means the group of patient with cancer who received hospice care. "Non H.C Group" means the group of patient with cancer who did not receive hospice care. 1. There is a difference between H.C Group and Non H.C Group in term of the number of physical symptoms, subjective degree of pain sensation and pain control, subjective beliefs in physical cure, emotional reaction, help of present emotional and spiritual care from other personal, needs of emotional and spiritual care in future, selection of treatment method by patients and personal religious orientation. 2. The comparison of H.C Group and Non H.C Group 1) There is no difference in wishes for physical therapy between two groups(p=.522). Among Non H.C Group, a group, who didn't receive traditional therapy and herb medicine was higher than a group who received these in degree of belief that the traditional therapy and herb medicine can cure their disease, and this result was higher in comparison to H.C Group(p=.025, p=.050). 2) Non H.C Group was higher than H.C Group in degree of emotional reaction(p=.050). H.C Group was higher than Non H.C Group in denial and acceptant stage among 5 different emotional stages before dying described by Kubler Ross, especially among the patient who had disease more than 13 months(p=.0069, p=.0198). 3) Non H.C Group was higher than H. C Group in demanding more emotional and spiritual care to doctor, nurse, family and pastor(p=. 010). 4) Non H.C Group was higher than H.C Group in demanding more emotional and spiritual care to each individual of doctor, nurse and family (p=.0110, p=.0029, P=. 0053). 5) H.C Group was higher th2.n Non H.C Group in degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and intrinsic belief orientation of personal religious orientation(p=.034, p=.026). 6) In H.C Group and Non H.C Group, the degree of emotional demanding of christians was significantly higher than non christians to doctor, nurse, family and pastor(p=. 000, p=.035). 7) In H.C Group there were significant positive correlations as following; (1) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and: the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation in personal religious orientation(r=. 5512, p=.000). (2) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse. family & pastor and the degree of intrinsic belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.4795, p=.000). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and the degree of intrinsic: belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.8986, p=.000). (4) Between the degree of extrinsic religious orientation and the degree of consensus religious orientation in personal religious orientation (r=. 2640, p=.015). In H.C. Group there were significant negative correlations as following; (1) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation (r=-.4218, p=.000). (2) Between the degree or intrinsic behavior orientation and consensus religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 4597, p=.000). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic belief orientations and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-.4388, p=.000). (4) Between the degree of intrinsic belief orientation and the degree of consensus religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 5424, p=.000). 8) In Non H.C Group there were significant positive correlation as following; (1) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation in personal religious orientation(r= .3566, p=.007). (2) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and the degree of intrinsic belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.3430, p=.010). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and the degree of intrinsic belief orientation in personal religious orientation(r=.9723, p=.000). In Non H.C Group there were significant negative correlation as following; (1) Between the degree of emotional demandings to doctor, nurse, family & pastor and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r= -.2862, p=.027). (2) Between the degree of intrinsic behavior orientation and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 5083, p=.000). (3) Between the degree of intrinsic belief orientation and the degree of extrinsic religious orientation in personal religious orientation(r=-. 5013, p=.000). In conclusion above datas suggest that hospice care provide effective total nursing care for the patients with terminal cancer, and hospice care is mandatory in all medical institutions.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.35-47
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the chronic disease, health status and lifestyle, and to test the chronic disease and health status and lifestyle of rural elderly by gender. Method: The interview survey was performed in September 2004 with structured questionnaires(Scale of Long-Term Health and Welfare Need Survey) to 770 of the elderly who lived in Muan-Gun of Chunnam Province. The percentage, Chi-squire test and regression method were used for some of the cross-sectional data. Results: The 770 elderly respondents were composed of 51.3% male and 48.7% female. 59.1% of the elderly had chronic disease. About the subjective health status that 54.3% of the respondents have been answered not good health status, 87.9% of the respondents have been health examination. The related variables of chronic disease and general characteristics were education and religious level in male, age, marital status, type of social security, education and religious level in female, and health status variables were subjective health status, cognitive function, ADL, IADL, and lifestyle factors was exercise in male, examination in female. Conclusion: These results suggested that special health promotion and education programs of the health habits such as physical exercise and health examination were necessities for the elderly of rural area.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.2315-2320
• /
• 2016

Background: This study investigated the influence of religious beliefs on the health of cancer patients and identified the factors contributing to the influence. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted using a convenient sampling method. A structured questionnaire was used to the samplings, and the data of 200 cancer patients were collected. Results: The effects of religion on the health of cancer patients achieved an average score of 3.58. The top five effects are presented as follows: (a) Religion provides me with mental support and strength, (b) religion enables me to gain confidence in health recovery, (c) religion motivates me to cope with disease-related stress positively and optimistically, (d) religion helps me reduce anxiety, and (e) religion gives me courage to face uncertainties regarding disease progression. Moreover, among the demographic variables, gender, type of religion, and experience of religious miracles contributed to the significantly different effects of religion on patients. Specifically, the effect of religion on the health of patients who were female and Christian and had miracle experiences was significantly (p< .01) higher than that on other patients. Conclusions: These results are helpful in understanding the influence of religious beliefs on the health of cancer patients and identified the factors contributing to the influence. The result can serve as a reference for nursing education and clinical nursing practice.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2003

The purpose of study is to research employees cognizing their hospital mission statement impact on their job satisfaction. Survey was conducted with 100 employees as samples, totaling 400 samples from four of religious general hospitals located in Busan, Gyeongsang Namdo and Gyeongsang Bukdo. The survey data was statistically analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis. Summary of study results are as follows: First, the degree of cognizance of mission statement showed significant differences by age, education, religion, job categories and experience of employees. Second, the degree of job satisfaction showed significant differences by age, education and experience of employees. Finally, significant correlation existed between employees' cognition of mission statement and their job satisfaction.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
• /
• v.5 no.4
• /
• pp.302-318
• /
• 2018

This study is an attempt to explore the perceptions of the public on women in higher education and employment, using data from the World Value Survey, had 90,350 respondents, of which 48.03% are male (N=43,391) and 51.87% are female (N=46,878). This study indicated that women, younger people, upper class people, religious people, and married people are more likely to have strong views against women's education and employment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.10
• /
• pp.1057-1070
• /
• 2020

This paper investigates the determinants of students' success in Vietnam through conducting online interviews and surveys with 2,500 Vietnamese students at eight famous universities in Vietnam. By applying both SPSS 22 and STATA software, the study is to evaluate the impact of four driver factors, which affect GPA, language efficacy, and personal achievement. These factors are psychological perspective, home environmental, student demographic, and school environmental. The research results emphasize a positive effect of psychological and home-environmental determinants, but the negative effect of school environmental factors on the students' success. Besides, the relationship between demographics and student success was tested and indicated that male students have a better language learning ability, but a low level of academic achievement than female students. The results also point out the impact of religious affiliation and ethnicity on personal achievement. Non-religious students are better achievers than those having a religion or those in minority ethnicity. Moreover, accumulated schooling years are negatively associated with students' success. The more working experience students accrued, the higher possibility they are successful. Finally, the finding provides an insight into students' success that might be useful to government authorities and other universities in designing policies for enhancing the quality of education.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.289-293
• /
• 2022

"Tolerance" is considered as an important professional quality of a modern specialist, which is manifested in an active moral position and readiness for constructive interaction with other participants in the pedagogical process; characterized by the manifestation of humanity, tolerance, friendliness, focus on resolving conflict situations in the professional sphere on a non-violent basis. The article considers scientific approaches to understanding the phenomenon of "tolerance". There are a number of factors that significantly affect the formation of tolerance in students. The way to the formation of tolerance is the rejection of social prejudices, negative social stereotypes, the development of an objective attitude to man regardless of his individual characteristics, the formation of skills of tolerant interpersonal interaction, the use of lectures, discussions, games and training in educational work. The purpose of this article is to highlight communicative tolerance as a necessary component of pedagogical practice of future professionals. It was emphasized that tolerance is the basis of religious tolerance and peace, prevention of all kinds of extremism, which are of particular importance for a multinational and multi-religious Ukraine.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
• /
• v.63
• /
• pp.283-315
• /
• 2020

This study attempts to suggest the direction of Christian education for young children by analyzing concepts related to how they understand the faith. For this purpose, this researcher conducted interviews of seventeen young children who had not yet entered elementary school. Answers to ten interview questions were analyzed and research participants' understandings of belief and church were identified. The results have shown that participants consider faith to be religious practices such as prayer, praise and worship, the practice of good conduct, the key to heaven and providing direction and mission for their lives. Participants also revealed the acquisition and internalization of biblical knowledge and theological terms and listed parents, ministers or friends as the important role models of faith. They recognized the church as a place where religious practices are performed, where spiritual joy is felt and where pleasure is experienced because they do things they like. It is expected that these results would be used as the basis for future research regarding young children's faith and as the principles of the practice of it.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.17-35
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the different consumption patterns of fashion products according to the demographic characteristics and religious variables of Muslim women in Indonesia. The research method consisted of a questionnaire, which surveyed Muslim women in Indonesia, whose ages ranged from teens to 40s. The final questionnaire made use of 301 responses, and the analysis methods included 𝛘²-testing, factor analysis, and ANOVA. The results of this survey are as follows: For differences in average monthly clothing purchase costs, there were significant differences according to age, monthly income, final education, and whether or not the respondent wore a hijab, but there was also significant difference according to marital status and religious faithfulness. Muslim women's clothing purchasing factors were practicality, visibility, fit-to-wear, and design. In terms of the differences in factors which were considered when purchasing clothing, they depended on whether or not the respondent was married, practicality and visibility according to age, visibility according to final education, and religious faithfulness. There were significant differences in practicality and visibility, but not according to monthly income. When accounting for the differences in the places where Muslim women bought fashion products, there were significant differences according to marital status and age. In terms of the differences in reasons for choosing a place of purchase, there were significant differences according to age, monthly income, final education, and the degree of hijab wearing.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
• /
• v.73
• /
• pp.39-54
• /
• 2023

In this study I want to explore faith formation through the framework of practice. First, I will describe discipleship as a lifelong process of identity formation, defining Christian religious education as a faith community's intentional work of equipping people to walk in the way of Jesus through apprenticeship in faith practices. I will argue that this process is more about the teaching of practices and engaging in theological reflection on practices than it is about dispensing correct information. This idea is not original with me, but has been expounded by many others particularly in the past decade in the U.S., as part of a larger movement within theological discourse emphasizing the centrality of practice. Second, I will describe some resources from educational theorists that can help us to understand what it means to educate through practices toward an identity as Christians. And finally, I will suggest that in our complex, broken and wounded world, as Christian religious educators we especially have a calling to equip disciples in two urgent faith practices: earth-care, and dealing with conflict.