• 한국측량학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-116
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• 1999

컴퓨터의 급속한 발달과 다양한 영상처리기법이 도입되면서, 기존의 기계적 사진측량과 해석적 사진측량에서 숙련된 작업자에 의해 수행되었던 표정작업들을 컴퓨터를 이용해 자동화하고자 하는 시도들이 사진측량 분야에서 활발하게 이루어지기 시작했다. 사진측량공정의 자동화를 위해서는 내부표정, 상호표정, 절대표정 등의 표정작업에 관한 자동화 연구가 선행되어야 한다. 본 연구는 내부표정과 상호표정과정을 자동화하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 내부표정에는 Hough 변환을, 상호표정에는 대상공간영상정합기법을 적용하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 기존 수치사진측량시스템에서 수작업에 의존하여 반자동으로 수행되는 표정 작업들을 자동화하기 위한 방법을 제시할 수 있었다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2002년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.74-74
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• 2002

This paper describes a corner matching technique for automatic relative orientation. Automatically matched corner points from stereo aerial images are used to a data set and help to improve automation of relative orientation process. A general corner matching process of overall image to image has very heavy operation and repetitive computation, so very time-consuming. But aerial stereo images are approximately seventy percent overlapped and little rotated. Based this hypothesis, we designed a sectional corner matching technique calculating correlation section by section between stereo images. Although the overlap information is not accurate, if we know it approximately, the matching process can be lighter. Since the size of aerial image is very large, corner extraction process is performed hierarchically by creating image pyramid, and corners extracted are refined at the higher level image. Extracted corners at the final step are matched section by section. Matched corners are filtered using positional information and their relation and distribution. Filtering process is applied over several steps because the thing affecting to get good result-good relative orientation parameter- is not the number of matched corner points but the accuracy of them. Filtered data is filtered one more during the process calculating relative orientation parameters. When the process is finished, we can get the well matched corner points and the refined Von-Gruber areas besides relative orientation parameters. This sectional corner matching technique is efficient by decreasing unnecessarily repetitive operations and contributes to improve automation for relative orientation.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to develop a method for estimating 3-D coordinates of lower trunk muscles using orientation angles during a motion. Traditional 3-D motion analysis system with DLT technique was used to track down the locations of eight reference markers which were attached on the back of the subject. In order to estimate the orientations of individual lumbar vertebrae and musculoskeletal parameters of the lower trunk muscle, the rotation matrix of the middle trunk reference frame relative to the lower trunk reference frame was determined and the angular locations of individual lumbar vertebrae were estimated by partitioning the orientation angles (Cardan angles) that represent the relative angles between the rotations of the middle and lower trunks. When the orientation angles of individual intervertebral joints were known at a given instant, the instantaneous coordinates of the origin and insertion for all selected muscles relative to the L5 local reference frame were obtained by applying the transformation matrix to the original coordinates which were relative to a local reference frame (S1, L4, L3, L2, or L1) in a rotation sequence about the Z-, X- and Y-axes. The multiplication of transformation matrices was performed to estimate the geometry and kinematics of all selected muscles. The time histories of the 3-D coordinates of the origin and insertion of all selected muscles relative to the center of the L4-L5 motion segment were determined for each trial.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1998

Radial variation of crystalline state in a stem of Chamaecyparis obtusa E. was examined by x-ray diffraction analyses. Relative crystallinity and degree of crystallite orientation showed significant differences between juvenile and adult wood. That is, Relative crystallinity increased with increasing the age from pith to about 20th annual ring, after which it reached a more or less constant value. On the other hand, degree of crystallite orientation decreased outward from pith to about 10 years and presented almost a constant value thereafter. Crystal width by Scherrer's equation did not show any significant differences between juvenile and adult wood. Therefore, it was considered that crystallinity index and degree of crystallite orientation by x-ray diffraction method could be used for evaluating wood quality.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.211-218
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interior orientation, relative orientation, absolute orientation, space intersection, space resection, computing the orientation parameter, 3-dimensional coordinates by using the EXCE for educational purpose.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2021

근거리 사진측량에서 스테레오 카메라를 이용하여 3차원 위치를 결정하기 위해 카메라의 내부표정요소뿐만 아니라 카메라 간의 상호표정요소를 결정하는 카메라 캘리브레이션이 선행되어야 한다. 카메라 캘리브레이션을 수행하고 나서 시간이 흐르면 비측량용 카메라의 경우 내부적인 불안정성이나 외부적인 요인에 의해 내부표정요소와 상호표정요소가 변할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 스테레오 카메라 안정성을 평가하기 위해 두 대의 단일 카메라와 스테레오 카메라의 안정성을 분석뿐만 아니라 검사점을 이용하여 3차원 위치 정확도를 평가하였다. 4개월간 3회의 카메라 캘리브레이션을 수행한 실험을 통해 단일 카메라의 안정성을 평가한 결과 평균제곱근오차는 ±0.001mm로 나타났으며, 스테레오 카메라의 평균제곱근오차는 ±0.012mm ~ ±0.025mm로 나타났다. 또한, 검사점을 이용한 거리정확도를 평가한 결과 ±1mm로 나타나 다시기에 걸쳐 추정한 스테레오 카메라의 내부표정요소와 상호표정요소는 안정적인 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 1987

본 논문에서는 과대오차를 검출하는 방법과 상호표정 및 독립모델법과 같은 사진측양의 조정에서 표정점들의 수와 분포가 내적신뢰성에 미치는 영향을 기술하였다. 상호표정에서의 기본적인 6점과 독립모델법에서의 기본적인 4점의 이용은 내적신뢰성이 낮으며, 이 분포로서는 관측점에 포함된 과대오차를 검출할 수 없다. 이와 같은 한점씩 대신 2점 또는 3점을 군집으로 사용하면 내적신뢰성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2007

Clothing exports of Korea has grown rapidly till the latter half of the 1980's, contributing Korean economic development. However from the 1990's, the amount, the world market share and the international competitiveness of clothing exports have declined. Based on these phenomena, the purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of export articles in Korean Clothing Trade focused on the 1990's. Statistical data of clothing articles(SITC 84 : Articles of apparel & clothing accessories) were used. The relative importance, trade orientation tendency and unit price of each export clothing articles were analyzed. The results of the study were as follows. On the relative importance, trade orientation tendency and unit price of each export clothing articles, outer garments or products that required complicated production process(e.g., coats, suits, ensembles, jackets, dress) had been decreased in the portion and weakened in the export orientation tendency. But one item in a set or casual wear like trousers, skirts, blouses, shirts, Jerseys, pullovers, T-shirts has been increased in the portion and risen in the unit price. These trends means that clothing exports of Korea were more focused on those category and the international competitiveness on those articles were advanced. From these results, this study can be contributed to establish the concrete clothing export articles strategies of Korean firms.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2019

The stereo geometry establishment based on the precise sensor modeling is prerequisite for accurate stereo data processing. Ground control points are generally required for the accurate sensor modeling though it is not possible over the area where the accessibility is limited or reference data is not available. For the areas, the relative orientation should be carried out to improve the geometric consistency between the stereo data though it does not improve the absolute positional accuracy. The relative orientation requires conjugate points that are well distributed over the entire image region. Therefore the automatic conjugate point extraction is required because the manual operation is labor-intensive. In this study, we applied the method consisting of the key point extraction, the search space minimization based on the epipolar line, and the rigorous outlier detection based on the RPCs (Rational Polynomial Coefficients) bias compensation modeling. We tested different parameters of window sizes for Kompsat-2 across track stereo data and analyzed the RPCs precision after the bias compensation for the cases whether the epipolar line information is used or not. The experimental results showed that matching outliers were inevitable for the different matching parameterization but they were successfully detected and removed with the rigorous method for sub-pixel level of stereo RPCs precision.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.155-159
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the microclimate of wheat canopy, growth and yield characteristics of wheat under north-south and east-west row orientation. The variety used in this experiment was "AG South 2000", which was developed in USA. Solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and soil temperature were monitored by data logger from March to May in 2002, The ratio of light penetration to the bottom from the upper canopy was 36.8% in north-south and 21.4% in east-west row orientation. Temporal march of light penetration to the bottom from March to May decreased as wheat developed canopy structure and decreased a little from May as plant were matured. The highest light penetration to the bottom from upper canopy occurred at 13：00 in both north-south and east-west row orientations, respectively which were 36 times in north-south and 27 times in east-west row orientation, respectively. Daily maximum temperature at the bottom of canopy occurred at 14：00 with 29 times in north-south, while 19 times were obtained at 14：00 and 15：00, respectively in east-west row orientation. Relative humidity at the bottom of the canopy in east-west yow orientation showed higher than that of north-south row orientation. Occurrence of daily maximum soil temperature of north-south showed one hour later compared with east-west yow orientation. 1000 grain weight and test weight of north-south row orientation was higher than those of east-west vow orientation. Correlation coefficient between solar radiation of upper canopy and 1000 grain weight showed r=$0.8132^{*}$, and between air temperature of upper canopy and number of spikes per $\textrm{m}^{2}$ and 1000 grain weight showed significant positive correlation with r=$0.8139^{*}$, and r=$0.8293^{*}$, respectively.