• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.2 s.150
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• pp.358-368
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• 2006

Today apparel finns make much effort to build a long-term relationship with their customers. The studies of salesperson-customer relationship emphasized the importance of customer's commitment on the formation of the continuous salesperson-consumer relationship. Therefore, the current study deals with the psychological relationship commitment development and from this prospective examines how consumers maintain the continuous relationship with a particular salesperson. The data were collected from January to February 2005 and analyzed by using SPSS 11.5 and Amos 5.0 with factor analysis, regression, ANOVA, path analysis. The results are as follows: First, the hypothetical model of multidimensional consumer commitment which showed a better fit of data than the rival model is unintentionally conceptualized. Second, the result showed that the affective commitment did the most effective role among the three dimensions of commitment consulted in this study. Especially the data indicated that for the establishment of the affective commitment in the salesperson-customer relationship. it is very important that a customer has deep trust in salesperson's ability, benevolence and honesty.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the formation of DBPs(Disinfection By-products) such as trihalomethane(THMs) and haloacetic acid(HAAs) by chlorination in raw water and finished water of Water Treatment Plant(WTP). The formation of THMs was increased with the increase of pH and reaction time. HAAs was found as a high formation at a pH 7 and low formation at pH 9. THMFP(Trihalomethane Formation Potential) was the highest formation potential in raw water of Pu-1 and the lowest in raw water of Pa-1. In case of HAAFP(Haloacetic acid formation potential), So-1 showed the highest value, while Pa-1 showed the lowest value. It was investigated the relationship between HAAs and organic matters which were described as DOC(dissolved organic carbon) and $UV_{254}$. In both DOC and $UV_{254}$ versus HAAFP, Pu-1 showed the good correlation coefficients($r^2$) with 0.95 and 0.84, respectively. For three WTP investigated, DBPs(THMs + HAAs) was shown over the range of $42.00{\sim}49.36{\mu}g/L$. This result might be due to the different characteristic of organic matters in raw water and the difference of chlorine dosage for a water treatment.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.611-614
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• 2005

In this paper, investigated is the relationship between the formation temperature and the thermal stability of Ni silicide formed with Ni-V (Nickel Vanadium) alloy target. The sheet resistance after the formation of Ni silicide with the Ni-V showed stable characteristic up to RTP temperature of $700\;^{\circ}C$ while degradation of sheet resistance started at that temperature in case of pure-Ni. Moreover, the Ni silicide with Ni-V indicated more thermally stable characteristic after the post-silicidation annealing. It is further found that the thermal robustness of Ni silicide with Ni-V was highly dependent on the formation temperature. With the increased silicidation temperature (around $700\;^{\circ}C$), the more thermally stable Ni silicide was formed than that of low temperature case using the Ni-V.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.394-400
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• 1990

Maximization of productivity of recombinant cell fermentations requires consideration of the inverse relationship between the host cell growth rate and product formation rate. The problem of maximizing a weighted performance index was solved by using optimal control theory for recombinant E. coli fermentation. Concentration of a growth inhibitor was used as a control variable to manipulate the specific growth rate, and consequently the cloned-gene expression rate. Using a simple unstructured model to describe the main characteristics of this system, theoretical analysis showed that the optimal control profile results in an initial high growth rate phase followed by a low growth rate and high product formation rate phase. Numerical calculations were done to determine optimal switching times from the growth to the production stage for two representative cases corresponding to different dependency of the product formation rate on the growth rate. For the case when product formation rate is sensitive to the specific growth rate, the optimized operation yields about 60% increase in the final product concentration compared with a simple batch fermentation.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 1968

Japanese encephalitis(JE) shows its explosive epidemicity in the temperate zone of Asia but little is known on the overwintering mechanism. One of the hypotheses on the overwintering mechanism is that the virus overwinters in the hibernating animals. There has been no report on the proliferation of JE virus(JEV) or antibody formation in the snakes. The purpose of this experiment is to explore the mutual relationship between JEV and snake and to clarify whether JEV proliferates and induce antibody formation in snakes. Three species of non-poisonous common snakes were employed. Precipitation test was carried out after injecting calf serum and, HI and neutralization tests were done by injecting JEV into the snakes. The gamma globulin fraction of pre- and post-injection serum were compared by paper chromatography. According to the results, precipitating antibody reaction to calf serum could be observed only at $4^{\circ}C$. It was failed to demonstrate HI antibody formation but neutralizing antibody could be detected in one of the 9 snakes. Although antibody could not be detected in test-tube, tile result of paper chromatography shows the remarkable increase of gamma globulin fraction after the injection. Above results are strongly indicating the antibody formation in the snakes.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.315-321
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• 1995

The relationship between morphological differentiation and production of trypsin-like protease (TLP_ in streptomycetes was studied. All the Streptomyces spp.In this study produced TLP just before the onset of aerial mycelium formation. Addition of TLP inhibitor, TLCK, to the top surface of colonies inhibited aerial mycelium formation as well as TLP inhibitor, TLCK, to the top surface of colonies inhibited aerial mycelium formation as well as TLP activity. Addition of 2% glucose to the Bennett agar medium repressed both the aerial mycelium formation and TLP production in S. abuvaviensis, S. coelicolor A3(2), S exfoliatus, S. microflavus, S. roseus, s. lavendulae, and S. rochei. However the addition of glucose did not affect S. limosus, S. felleus, S. griseus, S. phaechromogenes, and S. rimosus. The glucose repression on aerial mycelium formation and production of TLP was relieved by the addition of glucose anti-metabolite (methyl .alpha.-glucopyranoside). Therefore, it was concluded that TLP production is coordinately regulated with morphological differentiation and TLP activity is essential for morphological differentiation in streptomycetes. The proposed role of TLP is that TLP participates in the degradation of substrate mycelium protein for providing nutrient for aerial mycelial growth.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.74
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• pp.159-188
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• 2023

This study examines the process of Chou Sun-Ae's spiritual formation in the light of Carl Jung's conception of individuation. Spirituality is defined in different ways by different scholars, but most consider self-transcendence as a necessary element. This self-transcendence can occur in the relationship with self, with others, and with the transcendent. In the relationship with the self, it appears as self-objectification; with others, it is as moving toward others; and in the relationship with the transcendent, it moves toward the transcendent. Spirituality is closely related to individual identity, in that it surrounds and integrates life. Spiritual formation is thus closely related to Jung's concept of individuation, as this involves the separation of persona and ego, and shadow recognition which are closely related to the level of self-objectification. In addition, the withdrawal of shadow projection that occurs in individuation is closely related to moving toward others, in that it recognizes the shadow instead of blaming others, allowing one to look at others without prejudice. The fact that Jesus Christ is the symbol of the Self, the driving force of the individuation process, tells us that spirituality leading to a relationship with the transcendent God and Jung's theory are closely related to each other. Thus, if we examine the process of spiritual formation through the Jung's individuation process, we can better understand the psychodynamic dimension of spirituality. This article investigates the process of Chou Sun-Ae's spiritual formation through Jung's individuation process. Throughout her 98 years, Chou Sun-Ae experienced national pain and hardships, as well as personal adversity and difficulties; but through all of these hardships, conflicts, and difficult moments, she accomplished individualization. Therefore, by examining the spiritual formation through individuation in Chou Sun-Ae, I consider the direction of Christian spiritual education. In this study, three main characteristics of Chou Sun-Ae's spiritual formation can be identified. First, through a life of repentance, the identification between persona and ego can be weakened. Second, the ego develops, and individualization is achieved, through a new calling. Third, in shadow integration, the spiritual development comes to recognize Jesus Christ on the cross and achieve the process of sanctification. Investigating the direction of Christian spiritual education through Chou Sun-Ae's spiritual formation indicates that Christian spiritual education should harmonize vertical and horizontal relations and should develop an experience of the transcendent God in everyday life. By this means, the believer can achieve Self-realization and be a true Christian who practices love for God and love for neighbors.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2011

In order to promote foodservice for the elderly, foodservice managers in Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) must identify the main factors to enhance the satisfaction and behavioral intentions with food service. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between relationship quality (consisting of trust, commitment, and satisfaction) and communication in the formation of elderly's behavioral intentions with food services at CCRCs. A survey was administered to residents in two CCRCs and a total of 327 residents participated. A tested structural equation model exhibited good model fit and explanatory power of the study construct. Satisfaction directly influenced word-of-mouth and service quality has an influence on commitment. Commitment was a significant determinant of behavioral intentions to eat more often in the dining room. Also, communication showed positive association with trust. The results provided strong evidence for the importance of satisfaction and communication as a consequence of relationship marketing efforts. Suggestions for future research to better understand the elderly' behavioral intention judgments were given.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.946-957
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• 2002

Amicable brand relationships between consumers and brands are connected with consumers' positive attitude and strong attachment to the brands; therefore, it is necessary to examine the factors which affect consumers in forming brand relationships. Through theoretical review, two variables, brand association and brand communication, were manifested as important factors in building brand relationships. The purposes of this study were to identify the different types of brand association, and to examine the influence of brand association and brand communication on brand relationships. The survey which focused on ten casual wear brands and 739 young female students was conducted from August 20 to September 12, 2000. Spss 8.0 was used for factor analysis and regression analysis. Brand association was further delineated into brand value association and brand personality association and each variable consisted of several factors. Both performance value and emotional value among brand value association factors and both pride and sincerity among brand personality association factors showed goons influence on building brand relationship. Brand communication showed significant influence on brand relationship directly and indirectly.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.163-186
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• 2012

With the development of Internet and transition to information society, social capital is expanding to online from the traditional offline context. Especially with the widespread of social network service(SNS) the number of SNS users is increasing sharply and the importance of online social capital has been more and more significant. Most studies on social capital focused on organizational aspects but few studies have payed attention to personal aspect. Empirical studies on the relation between SNS and social capital were seldom conducted in previous studies. Based on the theory of social capital this study targets on the relationship formed through SNS and analyzes on how the relationship affects the perceived social capital. In this study 'self-presentation', 'playfulness' and 'critical mass' are posited as the antecedent factors of 'SNS usage'. This study proposes a research model to examine the effect of 'SNS usage' on 'relationship reinforcement', 'relationship building' and 'perceived social capital'. According to the results of empirical analysis, 'self-presentation', 'playfulness' and 'critical mass' can generate significant positive influence on 'SNS usage'. It also confirms not only the effect of 'relationship reinforcement' and 'relationship building' formed through SNS on 'perceived social capital' but also relationship between the social capital formation and SNS usage. The outcome obtained in this study can be applied in developing SNS services.