• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.365-376
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the patterns of smoking relapse and to identify risk factors related to smoking relapse among those successful in smoking cessation at the smoking cessation clinics of public health centers. Methods: Data were collected from 1,705 six-month quitters and analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: The rate of smoking relapse was 38.2% in 1 year, 44.4% in 2 years, and 47.8% in 5 years. The vast majority of relapse (62.3%) occurred within the first six months after quitting. The risk factors related to smoking relapse were age (HR 1.964: 95% CI 1.545, to 2.497), nicotine dependence (HR 1.293: 95% CI 1.087 to 1.539), problem drinking (HR 1.497: 95% CI 1.116 to 2.008), behavioral therapy type (HR 1.398: 95% CI 1.193 to 1.638), and nicotine replacement therapy type (HR 1.363: 95% CI 1.077 to 1.724). Conclusion: For reducing smoking relapse, it is necessary to develop a smoking relapse prevention program for the first six months after quitting and to strengthen behavioral therapy in the course of smoking cessations clinics.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.421-434
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• 2024

Objectives: Schizophrenia is an organic disease and a severe mental disorder with a relatively high risk of relapse. The rising rate of schizophrenia relapse has motivated researchers and academics to innovate and develop interventions aimed at relapse prevention. This bibliometric study sought to examine the publication trends in schizophrenia relapse prevention from 1973 to 2023, assess the contribution of international collaborations across various journals, identify the most influential authors and articles, and forecast future developments in this field. Methods: The study included 683 articles obtained from the Scopus database, analyzed using VOSviewer software, and visualized with Tableau. Results: Reports of schizophrenia relapse prevention strategies have increased significantly over the last 3 decades. However, fluctuations persist, as evidenced by the annual number of publications ranging from 25 to 40 within the past 5 years. Nevertheless, this increasing trend underscores the sustained interest in this area of research. Regarding contribution size, the United States produced the largest volume of publications on this subject. John M. Kane authored the most articles, while Stefan Leucht exhibited the highest h-index. Frequently used keywords in this field include "relapse AND schizophrenia" AND "prevention." Conclusions: These results represent an important reference for determining the current state of research on schizophrenia relapse prevention and future research directions.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to identify factors influencing a relapse among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Of 250 participants enrolled in the original study 75 were selected as there was no relapse for more than one year following the initial treatment and 54 were selected because there was a relapse. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$ test, t-test or F test to determine if there were any significant differences in the study variables relative to the status of relapse. Predictors were calculated by logistic regression. Results: Autonomy supported by healthcare providers was the significant predictor for relapse in patients with CAD. Patients with low autonomy supported by healthcare providers was 3.91 times more likely to relapse than patients with high autonomy supported. Patients with diabetes were at greater risk of recurrence. Conclusion: Secondary prevention of CAD is a major task for patients with CAD. Behavioral strategies for cardiovascular risk reduction are essential and autonomy supported by healthcare providers should be included in their strategies.

• The Korean journal of internal medicine
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.347-359
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• 2024

Background/Aims: Renal relapse has known to be a poor prognostic factor in patients with lupus nephritis (LN), but there were few studies that identified the risk factors of renal relapse in real world. We conducted this study based on 35-years of experience at a single center to find out predictors of renal relapse in Korean patients with LN after achieving complete response (CR). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical, laboratory, pathologic and therapeutic parameters in 296 patients of LN who reached CR. The cumulative risk and the independent risk factors for renal relapse were examined by Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, respectively. Results: The median follow-up period from CR was 123 months. Renal relapse had occurred in 157 patients. Renal relapse occurred in 38.2%, 57.6% and 67.9% of patients within 5-, 10-, and 20-year, respectively. The age at diagnosis of SLE and LN were significantly younger, and the proportions of severe proteinuria and serum hypoalbuminemia were higher in patients with renal relapse. Interestingly, the proportion of receiving cytotoxic maintenance treatment was higher in patients with renal relapse. In Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, only young-age onset of LN (by 10 years, HR = 0.779, p = 0.007) was identified to independent predictor of renal relapse. Conclusions: Young-age onset of LN was only independent predictor and the patients with severe proteinuria and serum hypoalbuminemia also tended to relapse more, despite of sufficient maintenance treatment. Studies on more effective maintenance treatment regimens and duration are needed to reduce renal relapse.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.115-122
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• 1986

This study was undertaken to determine the relapse amount in the various malocclusions and correlative coefficient with other factors. The sample were consisted of 60 orthodontic patients whose models were perfect before treatment, after treatment and after 6 months post treatment. For this study 8 liner lengths were measured in maxilla and mandible respectively. The results were as follows. 1. The change with treatment of maxillary dental arch length was most large in non extraction group of Angle's class II malocclusion. 2. The relapse compared with other treatment changes was most little in the arch perimeter. 3. The relapse was increased in proportion to the beginning age of the treatment in non extraction group. 4. The relapse of maxillary intermolar width was increased and those of overbite & molar relationship were decreased in proportion to the duration of active treatment. 5. The relapse of maxillary intercanine width was increased with a time goes after treatment.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.172-184
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the subjective relapse experiences of patients with alcohol use disorder in one's life context. Methods: A Q methodology was used to analyze the subjectivity of relapse experiences among 55 participants with alcohol use disorder. Fifty-five Q-statement were derived from interviews and literature review. Q-statements were classified into normally distributed shapes using a 9-point scale. Data were analyzed using the QUANL program. Results: Four types of relapse experiences were identified: failure to self-regulation drinking cravings, fear of relapse and awareness of the need for treatment, drinking as a coping mechanism and defensive coping, and lack of motivation to change drinking behavior. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that patients with alcohol use disorder need a differential approach based on four types of relapse experiences in the recovery process.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.4109-4115
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• 2014

Background: Accurate assessment of disease progression requires proper understanding of natural disease process which is often hidden and unobservable. For this purpose, disease status should be clearly detected. But in most diseases it is not possible to detect such status. This study, therefore, aims to present a model which both investigates the unobservable disease process and considers the error probability in diagnosis of disease states. Materials and Methods: Data from 330 patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgery at the Iran Cancer Institute from 1995 to 1999 were analyzed. Moreover, to estimate and assess the effect of demographic, diagnostic and clinical factors as well as medical and post-surgical variables on transition rates and the probability of misdiagnosis of relapse, a hidden Markov multi-state model was employed. Results: Classification errors of patients in alive state without a relapse ($e_{21}$) and with a relapse ($e_{12}$) were 0.22 (95% CI: 0.04-0.63) and 0.02 (95% CI: 0.00-0.09), respectively. Only variables of age and number of renewed treatments affected misdiagnosis of relapse. In addition, patient age and distant metastasis were among factors affecting the occurrence of relapse (state1${\rightarrow}$state2) while the number of renewed treatments and the type and extent of surgery had a significant effect on death hazard without relapse (state2${\rightarrow}$state3)and death hazard with relapse (state2${\rightarrow}$state3). Conclusions: A hidden Markov multi-state model provides the possibility of estimating classification error between different states of disease. Moreover, based on this model, factors affecting the probability of this error can be identified and researchers can be helped with understanding the mechanisms of classification error.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.132-141
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was aimed to determine the predictive risk factors for the treatment response and relapse rate in children diagnosed with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Methods : We analyzed the medical records of children who were diagnosed and treated for childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome from November 1991 to May 2005. Variables selected in this study were age at onset, sex, laboratory data, concomitant bacterial infections, days to remission, and interval to first relapse. Results : There were 46 males and 11 females, giving a male:female ratio of 4.2:1. The age($mean{\pm}SD$) of patients was $5.8{\pm}4.1$ years old. Of all patients who were initially given corticosteroids, complete remission(CR) was observed in 54(94.7%). Of the 54 patients who showed CR with initial treatment, 40(70.2%) showed CR within 2 weeks and 14(24.6%) showed CR after 2 weeks. The levels of serum IgG were lower in the latter group who showed CR after 2 weeks(P=0.036). Of the 54 patients who showed CR with initial treatment, 47(82.5%) relapsed. Of these patients, 35.1% were frequent relapsers and 43.9% were infrequent relapsers. There was no significant correlation between the frequency of relapse and the following variables : sex, days to remission, and laboratory data. However, age at onset and interval to first relapse had a negative correlation with the frequency of relapse(Pearson's coefficient=-0.337, -0.433, P<0.012, P<0.01). Conclusion : The age at onset and the interval to first relapse were found to be predictive clinical parameters for the relapse rate, while the levels of serum IgG at initial presentation were a predictive laboratory factor for treatment response in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.3
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• pp.190-195
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• 2015

Background: Although organizing pneumonia (OP) responds well to corticosteroid therapy, relapse is common during dose reduction or follow-up. Predictors of relapse in OP patients remain to be established. The aim of the present study was to identify factors related to relapse in OP patients. Methods: This study was retrospectively performed in a tertiary referral center. Of 66 OP patients who were improved with or without treatment, 20 (30%) experienced relapse. The clinical and radiologic parameters in the relapse patient group (n=20) were compared to that in the non-relapse group (n=46). Results: Multivariate analysis demonstrated that percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), $PaO_2/FiO_2$, and serum protein level were significant predictors of relapse in OP patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-0.97; p=0.018; OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04; p=0.042; and OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.01-0.87; p=0.039, respectively). Conclusion: This study shows that FVC, $PaO_2/FiO_2$ and serum protein level at presentation can significantly predict relapse in OP patients.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2012

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered the optimal curative treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but some patients develop bone marrow relapse due to remnant leukemia, and few patients develop extramedullary relapse without bone marrow relapse. Isolated extramedullary relapse (IMER) is defined as extramedullary relapse without bone marrow relapse. IMER has been reported in various sites, including the skin, soft tissue, and central nervous system(CNS). Isolated CNS relapse is relatively rare and is associated with poor prognosis due to the absence of an optimal treatment for it. Reported herein is a case involving an adult AML woman who suffered from isolated extramedullary relapse in the CNS after allogeneic HSCT. She was treated with intrathecal chemotherapy and whole-brain and spine radiotherapy, followed by systemic chemotherapy. She is currently well, with no evidence of leukemia recurrence for over six years.