• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2017

Most of the cultural assets in Korea are wooden structures. Due to the material characteristics of wood, the preservation of traditional wooden structure is impossible by simple maintenance. Damaged member is replaced with new member or completely dissolve and restore them. But member has a cultural value, so that it is impossible to arbitrarily replace each member. Although the preservation treatment method using synthetic resin is emphasized, there is no exact standard for proper reinforcement ratio. This paper is experimental study for reinforcement ratio of wooden flexural member with synthetic resins, Reinforced ratio on section area of flexural member. As a result, synthetic resin reinforcement are selected as experimental variables by proper ratio enhanced flexural capacity of reinforced wooden member than new wooden member.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회 2부
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• pp.53-56
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• 2011

This study is concerned with the SL shear reinforcement that it can be installed easily in filed as product at the factory and seismic performance can be achieved. The method of study is as follows. first, we researched constructability and economy of existing method. Secondly, we made specimen and were examined structural performance tests in order to verify the performance of the shear reinforcement. Shear strength of HILL01-HILL03 specimen applied to SL shear reinforcement increased about 5-14% when compared with the applied shear stirrup reinforcing existing specimens. Also, the amount of the maximum deflection of the central sub-section of HILL01-HILL03 specimen applied to SL shear reinforcement decreased about 41-42% when compared with the applied shear stirrup reinforcing existing specimens. As a result, developed SL shear reinforcement increased in shear strength and stiffness of reinforcement, structural safety is judged to be increased.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.243-254
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• 2022

Reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams are critical structural elements used in offshore pile caps, rectangular cross-section water tanks, silo structures, transfer beams in high-rise buildings, and bent caps. As a result of the low shear span ratio to effective depth (a/d) in deep beams, arch action occurs, which leads to shear failure. Several studies have been carried out to improve the shear resistance of RC deep beams and avoid brittle fracture behavior in recent years. This study was performed to investigate the behavior of RC deep beams numerically and experimentally with different reinforcement arrangements. Deep beams with four different reinforcement arrangements were produced and tested under monotonic static loading in the study's scope. The horizontal and vertical shear reinforcement members were changed in the test specimens to obtain the effects of different reinforcement arrangements. However, the rebars used for tension and the vertical shear reinforcement ratio were constant. In addition, the behavior of each deep beam was obtained numerically with commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software ABAQUS, and the findings were compared with the experimental results. The results showed that the reinforcements placed diagonally significantly increased the load-carrying and energy absorption capacities of RC deep beams. Moreover, an apparent plastic plateau was seen in the load-displacement curves of these test specimens in question (DE-2 and DE-3). This finding also indicated that diagonally located reinforcements improve displacement ductility. Also, the numerical results showed that the FEM method could be used to accurately predict RC deep beams'behavior with different reinforcement arrangements.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.673-692
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• 2016

In the standards, minimum reinforcement ratios are presented as the least reinforcement ratios that bearing elements should have in a way to include all systems and in general. However, naturally these general minimum ratios might be presented as being lower than the normally required reinforcement ratios by criteria such as system size, bearing system arrangement, section situation and distributions of the elements and earthquake effect. In this case, minimum reinforcement ratios may remain as meaningless restrictions. Then grouping the criterion that might affect reinforcement ratios according to certain parameters and creating minimum reinforcement ratios regarding preliminary design will provide ease and safety during the project designing. Moreover, it will enable fast and simple examinations in the beginning of project control and evaluation process. By means of the data which could be defined as "preliminary design & minimum reinforcement ratios", a more realistic and safe restriction compared to general minimum reinforcement ratios could be presented. As a result of numerous comprehensive studies, reinforcement ratios to include all certain systems might be obtained. Today, thanks to the development level of finite elements programs which can make reinforced concrete modelling, with the studies that are impossible to carry out beforehand, this deficiency in the minimum reinforcement ratios in the standarts may at least be partially made up with the advisory regulation of preliminary design & minimum reinforcement ratios. As the structure of the system to be examined and the diversity of the parameters range from the specific to the general, preliminary design & minimum reinforcement ratios will approximate to general minimum reinforcement ratios in real terms. By focusing on a more specific system structure and diversity of the parameters, preliminary design and even design reinforcement ratios will be approximated. In this preliminary study, a route between these two extremes was attempted to be followed. Today, it is possible to determine suggested practical ratios for project designs through carrying out numerous studies.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.341-358
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• 2024

This paper reports several plane-strain trapdoor tests conducted to investigate the effects of reinforcement on soil arching development under localized surface loading with a loading plate width three times the trapdoor width. An analogical soil composed of aluminum rods with three different diameters was used as the backfill and Kraft paper with two different stiffness values was used as the reinforcement material. Four reinforcement arrangements were investigated: (1) no reinforcement, (2) one low stiffness reinforcement R1, (3) one high stiffness reinforcement R2, and (4) two low stiffness reinforcements R1 with a backfill layer in between. The stiffness of R2 was approximately twice that of R1; therefore, two R1 had approximately the same total stiffness as one R2. Test results indicate that the use of reinforcement minimized soil arching degradation under localized surface loading. Soil arching with reinforcement degraded more at unloading stages as compared to that at loading stages. The use of stiffer reinforcement had the advantages of more effectively minimizing soil arching degradation. As compared to one high stiffness reinforcement layer, two low stiffness reinforcement layers with a backfill layer of certain thickness in between promoted soil arching under localized surface loading. Due to different states of soil arching development with and without reinforcement, an analytical multi-stage soil arching model available in the literature was selected in this study to calculate the average vertical pressures acting on the trapdoor or on the deflected reinforcement section under both the backfill self-weight and localized surface loading.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2014

BO-105 헬리콥터는 무힌지 로터 허브시스템이 적용되었으며, 블레이드의 루트 영역이 무힌지 허브 시스템의 플렉셔에 해당한다. 따라서 본 블레이드를 이용한 훨타워 시험 수행을 대비하여 굽힘 강성이 낮은 플렉셔 부분에 대한 굽힘 강성 보강을 수행하였다. 플렉셔 굽힘 강성 보강 수행을 위해 플렉셔 부분의 단면 형상을 모델링하여 굽힘 강성을 계산하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 강성 보강을 위한 복합재의 두께를 선정하였다. 보강된 플렉셔의 실제 굽힘 강성을 확인하기 위하여 강성보강 전 형상에 대한 강성 측정 시험과 강성보강 이후 형상에 대한 강성 측정 시험을 수행하여 결과를 비교하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

이 연구는 횡보강근의 배근형상에 따른 횡구속된 콘크리트의 성능을 평가하였다. 주요 변수는 횡보강근의 항복강도와 횡보강근의 배근형상으로 하였다. 총 27개의 직사각형 형태의 실험체를 제작하였으며, 단조 집중하중상태에서 실험을 수행하였다. 이 연구에서는 배근형상을 사각형인 R-type, 원형인 C-type 및 이 연구에서 제안한 사각과 팔각이 혼합된 O-type으로 계획하였다. 실험결과, 이 연구에서 제안한 배근형상이 사각형 나선철근과 비교하여 뛰어난 연성능력을 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.396-402
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• 2021

철근콘크리트 휨부재 단면은 휨강도를 확보함과 동시에 연성을 확보할 수 있도록 설계되어야 한다. 설계기준에서는 연성거동을 확보하기 위해 철근비나 중립축 깊이를 제한한다. 균형철근비 보다 적은 철근량이 배치된 단면은 연성이 확보되므로 균형철근비는 이론적인 최대철근비가 된다. 그러나 너무 적은 양의 철근량이 배치된 단면은 연성 거동과 관계 없이 균열 휨모멘트를 만족하지 못하고 취성 파괴될 수 있다. 또한, 최근 들어 고강도 재료의 사용이 증가함에 따라 최소철근비로 설계된 부재의 설계도 증가하고 있다. 이에 설계기준에서는 최소철근량에 대해서도 규정하고 있다. 콘크리트구조기준(2012)에서는 최소철근량에 대하여 철근과 콘크리트 강도의 항으로 직접적으로 규정하였다. 그러나 개정된 콘크리트구조 학회기준(2017)에서는 설계 휨강도와 균열 모멘트 사이의 관계를 통해 최소철근량을 간접적으로 제시하고 있다. 이는 피복두께에 대한 영향을 반영할 수 있지만, 재료 모델에 대한 정의가 필요하다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 콘크리트구조기준(2012)과 콘크리트구조 학회기준(2017)의 최소철근량에 대한 규정을 비교 검토하고, 다양한 해석 변수를 통해 최소철근량의 변화를 검토하여 합리적인 최소철근량 검토 방안에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2003

구조적으로 콘크리트의 자중이 문제 시 되는 곳이나, 콘크리트의 재료비가 높은 경우, 수직부재로 중공 콘크리트의 사용이 경제적일 수 있다. 콘크리트의 구속효과를 발휘를 위해 외측 면을 띠철근으로 보강하고 내측 면에 강관을 삽입하여 보강한 원형 중공 콘크리트 기둥의 연성 거동에 관해 연구하였고, 압축강도와 콘크리트의 극한변형율을 증가시키는 구속력의 효과를 나타낸 Mander의 응력-변형률 관계를 사용하여, 모멘트-곡률 관계 해석을 유도하였다. 극한변형율에 영향을 주는 인자인 구속력을 발휘하는 철근의 철근비와 항복응력, 구속 콘크리트의 압축강도 등을 극한변형율과 횡철근비의 관계를 통하여, 강관 삽입된 원형 중공 철근콘크리트 기둥의 구속응력과 횡철근비의 관계식을 제안하였다. 제안된 횡철근비 관계식은 실험을 통하여 검증하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.291-305
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• 2013

This paper presents the continuous hoop reinforcement method as a means to overcome the difficulty of rebar construction due to the seismic detail of lateral reinforcement. Because the continuous hoop has no seismic hook, and there is less interference during the rebar work, rebar quantities and construction time can be reduced. Since the details of column and beam continuous hoops are different from those of conventional lateral reinforcements, the construction method should be developed through mock-up tests. The length of the beam mock-up is 8m and the section size is $500mm{\times}700mm$, the height of the column mock-up is 2.8m and 4m, and the section size is $800{\times}800mm$. The length and the size are determined based on the elements that are generally used in reinforced concrete basement parking lots and office buildings. The results of the mock-up test showed that the quantities of rebar could be reduced by 20% and the time could be reduced by up to 40% compared with conventional lateral reinforcements.