• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1072-1075
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• 2005

This paper presents that TD method is applied to the human adaptive devices for smart home with context awareness (or recognition) technique. For smart home, the very important problem is how the appliances (or devices) can adapt to user. Since there are many humans to manage home appliances (or devices), managing the appliances automatically is difficult. Moreover, making the users be satisfied by the automatically managed devices is much more difficult. In order to do so, we can use several methods, fuzzy controller, neural network, reinforcement learning, etc. Though the some methods could be used, in this case (in dynamic environment), reinforcement learning is appropriate. Among some reinforcement learning methods, we select the Temporal Difference learning method as a core algorithm for adapting the devices to user. Since this paper assumes the environment is a smart home, we simply explained about the context awareness. Also, we treated with the TD method briefly and implement an example by VC++. Thereafter, we dealt with how the devices can be applied to this problem.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.121-128
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• 2001

This is a case study of stability analysis and reinforcement design for the tunnel where the collapse of the entrance slops occured along the fault zone developed in the bed rock. According to the site investigation, the main factor of sliding is the influence of fault gouge and heavy rainfall. Considering the in-situ condition, the versatile reinforcement methods is needed, and so the close investigation on the site area was accompanied with the stability analysis of tunnel and slops. The FRP(Fiberglass reinforced plastic) grouting method improved the defect of Steel Umbrella Arch Method, such as oxidation, low work efficiency, the material's heavy weight, is adapted as the reinforcement methods.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.9-16
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• 1983

When the perforated panels are under in-plane shear loads, shear buckling analysis is also necessary because of the presence of stress concentration around holes. To constrain it, we need some reinforcement. The methods of reinforcement are attaching doubler around hole and stiffeners in the arbitary directions. In this paper, two kinds of methods mentioned above are investigated, it is also clarified that which of the two is the more effective reinforcement. For the sake of convenience those arbitary directions were selected parallel ($90^{\circ}$) and oblique ($135^{\circ}$) to the edge. From the results of the above investigation, following conclusion was obtained. In case of parallel stiffeners, doubler reinforcement gives higher buckling strength than stiffener, however, in case of oblique stiffeners, doubler reinforcement gives higher buckling strength than doubler when the external load direction is known.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.11-12
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• 2016

The contemporary buildings are becoming super-taller gradually as the industry evolves. Accordingly, winter concrete also became an important element for the year-round construction since shortening of a construction duration became important. Accordingly, this research team once developed a double bubble sheet as concrete cover curing compound during winter. But since there is no proper countermeasure for the exposed reinforcement bars, it is worried that the concrete can be damaged by exposed frozen reinforcement bars at a low temperature during the initial period. Therefore, in this study, it is intended to review the temperature history of the reinforcement bars depending on changes of the covering methods of the exposed reinforcement bars by using bubble sheets.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.648-651
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• 1997

This paper proposes methods for the cooperative control of multiple mobile robots and constructs a robotic soccer system in which the cooperation will be implemented as a pass play of two robots. To play a soccer game, elementary actions such as shooting and moving have been designed, and Q-learning, which is one of the popular methods for reinforcement learning, is used to determine what actions to take. Through simulation, learning is successful in case of deliberate initial arrangements of ball and robots, thereby cooperative work can be accomplished.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.68-76
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• 2000

Such traditional construction methods as the interchange or improvement of railway subbase maintenance and reinforcement have many problems in the matters of construction period, constructive and economical efficiency aspects. This paper will describe the alternative railway subbase reinforcement method based on geosynthetics system. It is presently very popular in Germany and Japan. In summary it is to say, that geosynthetics used at fine grained subsoils to a strong improvement of the whole railroad system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.6_3
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• pp.1221-1230
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• 2022

In this study, a seismic reinforcement method was studied to improve the seismic performance of aged bridges. The construction method developed in this study is a compression-only bridge seismic reinforcement method, and has excellent economic feasibility and workability compared to existing construction methods. In the case of aged bridges, there was an advantage that could compensate for the disadvantages that it was difficult to apply the existing reinforcement method. For the newly developed method, the effect of reinforcement was analyzed through resin analysis. As a result of the analysis, when the reinforcement was applied, the axial reinforcement effect was excellent, and the field applicability was excellent as it showed better results than the existing seismic isolation backing method.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2002

This paper presents a study carried out for the seismic capacity in reinforced concrete(RC) piers by the confinement effect of transverse reinforcement as such a hooked-tied, welded-tied and spiral reinforcement. In order to assess the seismic capacity with transverse reinforcement, experiment리 and analytical methods were adopted. A RC column survey was conducted based on eight one-fourth scale single circular column specimens designed and tested under slow horizontal cyclic loads. Two cases were analyzed. The confinement effect of concrete by transverse reinforcement is considered not in Case 1 but in Case 2. Also, we studied the propriety of making use of the method in which a carbon fiber rod replace spiral reinforcement in RC piers. In experimental tests, a welded-tied and spiral reinforcement has a good seismic capacity, but a carbon fiber rod presents low ductility in comparison with a hooked-tied reinforcement. In an analytical study, displacement ductility is approximate to the experimental result because of considering the confinement effect of the transverse reinforcement. Even if the confinement effect of the transverse reinforcement is considered, the analytical results for ductility of the specimens with welded-tied and spiral reinforcement show an excessive underestimation of the experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.225-240
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this paper is to examine Zhang Zihe's reinforcement method based on the theory of keeping balance(以平爲期). Methods : Based on his arguments in the Rumenshiqin and formula compositions, Zhang Zihe's reinforcement method was examined. Results & Conclusions : 1. Despite preconceptions that Zhang Zihe must have been critical of reinforcement methods due to his alliance to the offensive purgative group, in reality his criticism was not aimed at reinforcement methods entirely, but rather at warming and tonifying. 2. Zhang Zihe's criticism of warming and tonifying was based on his research of the Neijing, in which he realized the pathogenic effects of fire-heat and the side effects of warming and tonifying in clinical practice. This is a common conception among the Four Great Doctors of the Jin-Yuan period. 3. Zhang Zihe focused on eliminating pathogenic qi so that the body's qi would circulate smoothly to slowly restore the source qi. The theory of keeping balance was emphasized to achieve this goal. 4. Based on the theory of keeping balance, Zhang Zihe used various medicinals with different properties and flavors to allow for the medicinals in each of the sovereign, minister, assistant and courier positions to co-operate with each other, while using food reinforcement to restore the source qi.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.142-145
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• 2003

Many control applications using Neural Network need a priori information about the objective system. But it is impossible to get exact information about the objective system in real world. To solve this problem, several control methods were proposed. Reinforcement learning control using neural network is one of them. Basically reinforcement learning control doesn't need a priori information of objective system. This method uses reinforcement signal from interaction of objective system and environment and observable states of objective system as input data. But many methods take too much time to apply to real-world. So we focus on faster learning to apply reinforcement learning control to real-world. Two data types are used for reinforcement learning. One is reinforcement signal data. It has only two fixed scalar values that are assigned for each success and fail state. The other is observable state data. There are infinitive states in real-world system. So the number of observable state data is also infinitive. This requires too much learning time for applying to real-world. So we try to reduce the number of observable states by classification of states with Self-Organizing Map. We also use neural dynamic programming for controller design. An inverted pendulum on the cart system is simulated. Failure signal is used for reinforcement signal. The failure signal occurs when the pendulum angle or cart position deviate from the defined control range. The control objective is to maintain the balanced pole and centered cart. And four states that is, position and velocity of cart, angle and angular velocity of pole are used for state signal. Learning controller is composed of serial connection of Self-Organizing Map and two Multi-layer Feed-Forward Neural Networks.