• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.325-353
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• 2018

Agricultural systems in South Asian countries are dominated by smallholder farmers. Additionally, these farmers have limited access to pre- and post-harvest technologies due to their high initial cost. The lack of these technologies in postharvest handling is responsible for 20% to 44% of fruit and vegetable losses. These high losses are largely the result of a generally weak basic postharvest infrastructure for the preservation of products, which avoids damage from improper handling, transportation, packaging, and storage. High postharvest losses of products negatively affect food availability, food security, and nutrition, as the producer is able to sell less of the farm yield and the net availability of these food commodities for consumption is reduced. An underlying cause of these postharvest losses is the limited awareness and knowledge bases of stakeholders (researchers, farmers, governments, non-governmental organizations, and merchants) in the traditional supply chains in which these losses occur. The analysis presented in this paper explores the state of postharvest practice in South Asian countries and discusses options for low-cost postharvest technologies in the region that can support small-scale farmers and provide a viable pathway for supply to the market, joining with modern value chains and bringing about individual and regional reduction in postharvest losses of fruits and vegetables. The improvement of basic and simple low-cost technologies through precise research efforts has the potential to prevent such huge losses of products, and help meet the ever-increasing demand for food in South Asian countries.

• 한국과 국제사회
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.157-184
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• 2018

이 연구는 파키스탄에서 9/11 테러 이후 외교정책 결정 과정을 추적하기 위해 4단계 "위기에서의 국가 행동 모델"을 적용했다. 그것은 알카에다의 미국에 대한 불길한 공격과 테러에 맞서 싸우기 위한 부시 대통령의 후속 선언이 t1 단계의 세계와 지역의 정치 안보 차원을 변화시켰다고 주장한다. 이웃 국가인 파키스탄의 지원은 테러와의 전쟁에서 불가피했고, 미국은 이슬람 바드의 협력을 얻기 위해 강압적인 외교를 취했다. 결과적으로, 미국의 요구를 수용하지 않을 경우 파키스탄은 국가의 기본 가치/목표에 대한 위협을 인식하고 동시에 시간 압박은 t2 단계에서 의사결정자들의 심리적 스트레스를 증폭시켰다. 따라서 의사결정 포럼은 t3 단계에서 시작되었고 파키스탄은 외교 정책 위기를 완화시킨 t4 단계로 미국에 합류하기로 결정했다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.147-178
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• 2003

In terms of reinforcing the functions and services of rescue 119 and emergency corps, we must review the following considerations : Building up security system along with operational expansion, building up a system for emergency medical treatment, buliding up a comprehensive information management system for rescue and emergency, constructing a provincial safety museum and so forth. For the ways to better the works of rescue 119, we can review the following considerations : Improving the education for fire fighting trainging corps under Jeju Provicial Fire and disaster management department, providing rescue members with more opportunity for clinical practices, enhancing the morale of rescue members, installing a comprehensive briefing room for emergency rescue members, building up medical networks along with reasonable policies for information service, operating the consulting system for rescue 119 and so on. Provide little more superior quality high fire fighting service to jeju islander, and need long-term and elaborate research to correspond in rising fire fighting man-power demand newly and investment. Construction of well-matched disaster administration system is assignment that must hurry in international free city. That jejudo receives time factor about that is received for another thing area's number of persons or equipment when regional special quality large scale or disaster happens is that of course the support receives limitation immediately. Jeju fire fighting services is one story reform, specialization taking into account particular situation of jeju area to grow as sightseeing and center of culture intending international free city, should be upgraded. So, it may do big contribution naturally in jeju international free city phase that coincide jeju islander's social welfare promotion and safety desire.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.7-31
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• 2003

The governments of almost countries have the rules and procedures that the purchasing entities have to follow, in order to ensure that the best value for money spent is obtained in procuring goods and services. However, there are often some of important problems in their rules relating to government procurement. Namely, almost countries have a variety of discriminatory regulations for foreign suppliers in the government procurement laws with the object of national security, economic welfare, and protection of domestic market from international competition. For this reason, several advanced countries had reached the Plurilateral Agreement on Government Procurement during Tokyo Round(1973-1979) and Uruguay Round(1986-1994). However, the provisions of two agreements do not apply to all products made by the government but only to those made by purchasing entities specified by each member country in its list in the Appendix. Accordingly, the size of goods and services purchased from foreign suppliers were comparatively not large. As we know well, the United States have spent a large amount of money from federal and state government budget. But the portion of procurement from foreign suppliers is still small, compared with the portion of procurement from domestic suppliers. The main reason are that U.S. has applied for long time the so-called Buy American Act to government procurement positively and maintained many kinds of other domestic regulations which have discriminatory provisions for foreign goods and foreign suppliers. On the recognition of these points, this thesis deals with the Buy American Act and other U.S. domestic laws, regional and bilateral, and plurilateral agreements including WTO Agreement on Government Procurement. As a result, the author found that there are several concerns and problems in the U.S. regulations relating to government procurement. It include the provisions on priority procurement of U.S.-produced products, local contents requirements, set-aside procurement from small business, and exclusion of preferential procurement from the developing countries.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 연안 선박과 소형 어선의 안전관리 개선을 위해 한국형 e-navigation을 활용하여 기존의 해상교통관리체계를 개선할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 시스템적인 측면과 기능적인 측면에서 기존 해상교통관제(VTS)의 고도화방안을 제시하였고, 해양안전종합정보시스템(GICOMS)를 기반으로 한 통합 e-navigation 운영시스템의 구성도와 해역별 해상교통관리체계의 운영방안을 제시하였다. 특히, 연안에서의 소형 선박과 어선에 대한 해상교통관리 강화를 위하여 해사클라우드 기반의 선박-선박/육상 간 데이터통신방안과 지역별 해사안전지원센터의 설치를 제안하였다. 본 연구가 연안선박과 소형어선에 중점을 둔 한국형 e-navigation의 추진에 도움이 될것으로 보며, 향후 e-navigation을 활용한 해양사고예방시스템의 개발과 운영 등에 관한 후속연구가 필요하다고 본다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.142-142
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• 2017

Wheat (Triticum asetivum L.) is one of the major grain crops worldwide. The reduced productivity ascribed by adverse environment is increasing the risk of food security. Wheat cultivars have been actively released by public side since 1960s in Korea. Each variety has been developed for superior regional adaptation, pest resistance and mostly high yield. Heat stress tolerance is one of the major parameters that threaten wheat production in Korea. Heat stress during grain filling period has been conceived as critical level and directly influences on wheat production. We evaluated 11 common wheat cultivars ("Baegjoong", "Dajung", "Goso", "Hanbaek", "Jokyoung", "Joeun", "Jopum", "Keumgang", "Olgeuru", "Sinmichal", "Uri") that were exposed to abnormally high temperature during the grain filling period. Each plant was grown well in a pot containing "Sunshine #4" soil in controlled phytotron facility set on $20^{\circ}C$ and 16 h photoperiod. At 9 day-after-anthesis (DAA9), plants were subjected to a gradual increase in temperature from $20^{\circ}C$ to $33^{\circ}C$ and maintained constantly at $33^{\circ}C$ for 5 days. After the treatment, plants were subjected to gradual decrease to normal temperature ($20^{\circ}C$) and continue to grow till harvest. Seeds were harvested from each tiller/plant. Total chlorophyll contents decrease level as well as grain parameters were measured to evaluate varietal tolerance to heat stress. We also divide each spike into five regions and evaluate grain characteristics among the regions in each spike. The obtained results allow us to classify cultivars for heat stress tolerance. The pedigree information showed that typical wheat lines provide either tolerance or susceptible trait to their off-springs, which enable breeders to develop heat stress tolerance wheat by appropriate parental choice.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2020

Purpose: In the 4th industrial revolution, services that incorporate various smart technologies in the tourism sector have begun to gain popularity. Accordingly, academic discussions on smart tourism have also started to become active in various fields. Despite recent research, the definition of smart tourism is still ambiguous, and it is not easy to differentiate its scope or characteristics from traditional tourism concepts. Thus, this study aims to analyze the perception of smart tourism exposed online to identify the current point of smart tourism in Korea and present the research direction for conceptualizing smart tourism suitable for the domestic situation. Research design, data, and methodology: This study analyzes the perception of smart tourism exposed online based on 20,198 news data from portal sites over the past six years. Data on words used with smart tourism were collected from the leading portal sites Naver, Daum, and Google. Text mining techniques were applied to identify the social awareness status of smart tourism. Network analysis was used to visualize the results between words related to smart tourism, and CONCOR analysis was conducted to derive clusters formed by words having similarity. Results: As a result of keyword analysis, the frequency of words related to the development and construction of smart tourism areas was high. The analysis of the centrality of the connection between words showed that the frequency of keywords was similar, and that the words "smartphones" and "China" had relatively high connection centrality. The results of network analysis and CONCOR indicated that words were formed into eight groups including related technologies, promotion, globalization, service introduction, innovation, regional society, activation, and utilization guide. The overall results of data analysis showed that the development of smart tourism cities was a noticeable issue. Conclusions: This study is meaningful in that it clearly reflects the differences in the perception of smart tourism between online and research trends despite various efforts to develop smart tourism in Korea. In addition, this study highlights the need to understand smart tourism concepts and enhance academic discussions. It is expected that such academic discussions will contribute to improving the competitiveness of smart tourism research in Korea.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.211-223
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• 2012

This study purposed to evaluate the influences of rival hospitals on the number of patients who visited the a study territory hospital. Spatial analysis technique was used to measure the impact of rival hospitals in study region. Selected hospitals were all medical school affiliated hospitals which were located in Daejeon metropolitan city and Chungchungnamdo. Patient data was collected from the claims data of the study hospital, and the number of inpatient and outpatients who visited the study hospital between January and June in 2008 were calculated on the smallest administrative district, Eup, Myeon, and Dong, in study region. To control the differences of regional characteristics among Eup, Myeon, Dong, socio-economic variables (total population, number of people aged over 65, number of basic livelihood security recipients, distance from the study hospital to the centroid point of each Eup, Myeon, Dong, number of business, and number of employees) were included in analysis model. These variables were collected from the annual year book of city as well as county located in study region. Cluster analysis classified the study region into three groups by using the difference of between th actual number of inpatient/outpatient and the predicted number of inpatient/outpatient in Eup, Myeon, and Dong. Most areas around the rivalry hospitals were categorized into same group. Multiple regression analysis indicated that areas around rivalry hospitals had statistically significantly negative relationship with the number of inpatients and outpatients who visited the study hospital. As the buffer size was increased from 5Km to 10Km, the standardized regression coefficients were decreased. These study results confirmed that rivalry hospitals in region had negative impacts on the performance of hospitals. It suggests that hospitals will require not only to select their location to minimize the effects of rivalry hospitals, but also to establish their strategy to cope with the rivalry's threats in their region.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.437-445
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• 2016

태풍은 인류에 큰 피해를 주는 재난재해로 몇몇 선진국에서는 태풍으로 인한 건축물 피해액 사전예측 모델에 관한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 국내에서도 해외 연구를 토대로 국내에 적용시키는 연구가 진행되었지만, 태풍의 특성이나 크기 등이 차이가 나므로 국내에 적합한 모델이 필요한 실정이다. 또한, 국내의 연구는 태풍의 특성, 지역적 특성만을 고려하여 진행 하였으나, 태풍은 복합재해로서 태풍의 특성, 지리적 특성만이 아닌 태풍의 진로, 건설환경, 등 다양한 요인을 고려하여야한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내에 영향을 미친 태풍을 7가지 타입으로 분류하여 건물피해액 영향인자를 도출하고, 회귀분석을 실시하여 태풍 타입별 건물피해율 예측모델을 개발 목적으로 한다. 이는 선진국의 자연재해 예측모델들과 같이 국내의 상황에 맞는 태풍에 따른 피해를 예측하기 위한 모델 개발을 위한 자료로 활용 될 것이다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

Population growth and increasing consumption of resources in the process of the industrial development has caused environmental pollution, climate change, and resource exhaustion. Therefore 'sustainable development' has become the important issue for the future. The sustainable development aims at effective resource use, less environmental impacts, and higher social security. Generally the rural area including agricultural fields and forest has various and plentiful natural resources which could make future development sustainable. To develop potential rural resources, the values for energy, environment and economy should be assessed considering the life-cycle of resources. The purposes of this study are to suggest the E3 (Energy, Environment, and Economy) assessment model for rural biomass considering life-cycle of resource and to apply the model to rice, the major agricultural product. As the results of this study, it turned out through E3 assessment that economic gain of rice cultivation is 578,374 won/10a, carbon absorption is $1,530kgCO_2/10a$, carbon emission is $926.65kgCO_2/10a$, and bio-energy potential of by-product is 394,028 kcal/10a. When E3 assessment was applied to by province, the results varied by regions because of the amount of input during cultivation. These results would be useful to realize the rural biomass and design regional resources plan in integrated E3 perspective.