• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.77-98
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• 1998

In general, spatial imbalance in regional growth is a major cause of social and political conflicts within a state. In Korea, this inequality has functioned as a threat to the state's integration. With the economic development policies by regional industrialization over the past three decades, most of the industrial activities have been concentrated in Seoul and Pusan metropolitan areas, which are surrounded by Kyonggi, Kyongnam provinces respectively. Compared to these areas, Chonnam and Chonbuk provinces have lagged behind in economic development. Therefore, in order to increase the regional economic development of the southwestern region in Korea, the central government has been enforcing several policies aimed at regional industrialization since the 1980s. The purpose of this study focuses on the regional economic impacts of a newly established industrial estate-Yulchon industrial complex- which would act as a regional growth center in the Kwangyang bay area. The Kwangyang bay area consists of several industrial estates such as Kwangyang Iron and Steel Co. and its related industrial complex, Chuam rural industrial estate, Yeochon industrial complex, and so on. In addition, the Kwangyang container port was constructed in 1997. The Kwangyang bay area has been changing to a new industrial district in the southwestern part of Korea as a result of industrialization policies which were activated by central government. The Yulchon industrial complex, which is expected to be completed in 2001, would draw many manufacturing plants. For example, Hyundai Motors Co. has a plan to locate a new automobile assembly plant within the estate. As the plan has high probability to be realized, it will be interesting to study the effects a new automobile assembly plant and its related production linkages have on the region. This study is to estimate the expected structural characteristics of automobile production activities in Yulchon. The following details will be discussed: the regional economic impacts of a new automobile industry in Yulchon industrial complex, the production linkage formation via hierarchical subcontracting systems, the alternative strategies to promote the growth of regional economies, and the scheme to improve the auto-parts and components industry in Kwangju and Chonnam provinces by establishing auto-mobile production function. Automoblie industry generally gives great influences on not only regional economies but the related industries, for example, the firms producing automotive components. If a new plant producing automobiles and its related firms producing components are to be established in Yulchon, they will affect on the regional development directions and change the regional characteristics of industrial structure. In order to increase the spread effects of the new industry in Yulchon industrial complex, almost all of the automobile production processes must be organized concurrently within a limited range of distance. There is an imperative that the co-operation system should be structured between the assembly firm and many firms producing its components. In addition to those, it would be required such as the effective division of labors between the firms, much more capabilities in the technical innovations, and the reconstruction of interrelationship between the labor unions and the firms' managers.

• World Technopolis Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.92-106
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• 2012

This study focuses on exploring the behaviours of high-tech start-up firms in response to the policy interventions undertaken to promote regional innovation in South Korea since 1997. High-tech start-ups and their technological entrepreneurship are increasingly considered by policy makers and academics to play a crucial role in the generation of innovation and economic development. However, this study started from a basic concern of why government intervention does not necessarily result in an increase of regional innovation capacity. To explain this concern, we constructed a new conceptual framework of 'government dependency' and apply this to 'Daedeok,' a regional innovation system in South Korea, to explore the reproduction of path dependency as an impact induced by innovation policy. This conceptual framework was developed by remodeling path dependency approaches through a systemic and interactive lens. An empirical study used qualitative interviews of start-up founders to delineate the emergence of a new development path and the extent to which dependency was reproduced in the Daedeok regional innovation system. Empirical analysis suggested that 'reliance' and 'persistence' were the crucial factors in the production and reproduction of the government dependency. Some firms accepted dependency as reliance, but others regarded it as policy utilization. Thus, a critical juncture could not be clearly identified in actors' behaviour. It was also unclear if dependency had hindered innovation, but it was shown that the regional and institutional contexts strongly influenced the reproduction process. The study concludes that the construct of government dependency can also provide useful insights into policy learning as well as the success of government interventions.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.79-99
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• 1993

This paper identifies the mechanisms governing the industrial location changes in Korea by focusing upon the emergence of the country's large conglomerate business organizations (chaebols). As the country has distinctive industrial organization, production systems, and government-business relations, this study tries to develop an ideal conceptual framework for the analysis of industrial location changes in Korea. It perceives the Korean economy as a system within which 'space-organizing', lage business organizations interact over time with government, smaller firms and multinational corporations at different geographical scales. The usefulness of the model is assessed using a case study of Korea's most representative chaebol, the Samsung Group. This study identifies chaebols as the dominant institutions in Korean society. Their growth and business strategies have been influenced by the Korean Government through its power to allocate capital resources. Regional dynamics of industry and labor, therfore, have been strongly influenced by changes in the location, industrial structure, and production system of chaebols. With econmic power concentrated within a few giant business groups and their major areas of operation restricted, unbalanced regional development has resulted. Dissatisfaction from residents in less-developed areas has pressured the Government to advise chaebols to disperse their production facilities. Most small and medium-sized firms are closely linked to large corporations through subcontracting. By forming hierarchical subcontracting. By forming hierarchical subcontracting systems, chaebols have indirectly exploited scattered, part-time, home-based, female and lower-paid laborers organized by subcontractors. Further, chaebols have expanded their business arena to encompass overseas locations in a bid to overcome the problem of a small domestic market, trade regulations and increased market, trade regulations and increased labor costs. Through their international business networks Korea's local and regional economies are integrated into the world economy. Indeed, the identification of the changing relationships of chaebols with both the Korean Government and smaller firms is the key to explaining the nations's spatial dyanmics of industry and labor.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-37
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• 1994

The past studies on the change of industrial location can be reinterpreted as spatial determinism, decision making process determinism and industrial sturcure determinism according to the view of the mutual operation between the economic activity and spatial structure. From the point of the industrial structure determinism which focuses on the fact that the locational type of production activity can be differenciated by the structural change of industry itself, it is proper to explain the change of industrial location not only by spatial condition but also by containing the fundamental changing causes for the reorganization of the spatial condition. One of the most important changing causes for reorganizing economic space is industrial technology. This study aims to explain the spatialization process of industrial technology and consists of the process of suggesting the hypothesis that the spatialization process is differentiated according to the production organization as the user of industrial technology and the user of industrial technology and the production system as using method. In other words, this study attempts to internalize the technology variable, which has been treated as external in the past studies on the industrial location, as an independent one and consider the production organization and production system as a paramenter, so that it can represent 'conceptual framework' for explaining the change of industrial location.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-74
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• 1997

This paper investigates the spatial characteristics of networks, which arise as a firm's strategy to enhance its competitiveness to cope with the changing economic environments characterized by technological changes and increasing competitiveness. The theoretical framework in this study proposes that networks emerge as a firm's strategies to promote its competitiveness through the vertical/horizontal disintegration of the production system. Futhermore, regional industries of networks. The study examines the types of cooperation and the spatial boundary of the computer industry networks in Korea. Questionnaire survey was conducted on 1, 128 computer companies which had more than 10 employees, with 126 questionnaires being used for analysis. In addition, newpaper articles were used to supplement the foregoing work on network characteristics. The review of these articles covers the period from Jan. 1994 to June 1996. Major findings of this study are as follows: The spatial range of cooperative networks varies according to the specific characters of cooperation(R & D, production, and seles). Intralocal networks are being developed in Kangnam and Youido area, the computer industry agglomeration clusres of Seoul. There are the regional differnces in the agents and contents of cooperation. In intra-national R & D and production networks, regional differnces in agglomeratins and non-agglomerations are not detercted. Most networks of this type are found between large firms and small firms. In contrast, foregn R & D and production networks, which are operated mostly by large firms, are found in Kangnam, Youido, and CBD. Intra-national and foreign productino networks are also focused in Kangnam, Youido, and CBD. Small firms are playing an active role in making this type of cooperation possible. In the perspective of localization-globalization, Korean computer industry can be analyzed in two respects: industrial and regional. The localization of small firms and the localization-globalization of large firms' networks are being developed in industrial contexts, while the localization-globalization of agglomerations and the localization of non-agglomerations networks are being developed in regional contexts. As networks for the localization-globalization of industry are growing in agglomerations, interfirm networks could be related to trends in the formation or intensification of industrial agglomerations. industrial agglomeration areas function as a facilitator of localization through subcontracts, intraregional network and interregional network. They also facilitate globalization via foregn networks. In non-agglomeratin areas, localization networks, which are connected with agglomeration areas via subcontracting, interregional R & D. or production cooperation.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.20-27
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• 2011

A system for fine-resolution long-range weather forecast is introduced in this study. The system is basically consisted of a global-scale coupled general circulation model (CGCM) and Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) regional model. The system makes use of a data assimilation method in order to reduce the initial shock or drift that occurs at the beginning of coupling due to imbalance between model dynamics and observed initial condition. The long-range predictions are produced in the system based on a non-linear ensemble method. At the same time, the model bias are eliminated by estimating the difference between hindcast model climate and observation. In this research, the predictability of the forecast system is studied, and it is illustrated that the system can be effectively used for the high resolution long-term weather prediction. Also, using the system, fine-resolution climatological data has been produced with high degree of accuracy. It is proved that the production of agrometeorological variables that are not intensively observed are also possible.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.107-114
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• 2023

Garlic is one of the major seasoned vegetables in Korea along with peppers and onions. Although it is a major cash crop, the aging population of farmers and rising labor and production costs are cited as the reasons for the decreasing production. Accordingly, it is necessary to introduce and spread garlic cultivation mechanization technology to reduce the input labor demand. In this study, conducted a field demonstration in Jeollanam-do using garlic harvesting machinery. In addition, it was intended to improve the mechanization rate of garlic harvesting by deriving factors that can apply to garlic harvesting machines in Jeollanam-do and investigating regional adaptability. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the harvesting performance of the garlic harvester and garlic collector in Jeollanam-do met the agricultural machine test standards. In addition, as a result of calculating the input effect of the mechanized work system compared to the conventional garlic harvesting work system, it was found that there was a labor-saving effect of 96.02%.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.63-79
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• 2012

Regional innovation systems and clusters represent a fashionable conceptual basis for regional innovation policies in many industrialized countries (including South Korea). Due to questions related to climate change and environment-friendly energy production, the green industry has been increasingly discussed in relation to regional innovation systems and clusters. This explorative paper analyzes these discussions and critically examines the emergence of green clusters in South Korea based on the case of the wind power cluster in Jeonbuk Province. It tentatively concludes that the role of the central government is too powerful and the role of regional actors (policy-makers and entrepreneurs) is too weak for the successful emergence of green clusters.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1269-1269
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• 2001

The Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is one of the more important problems that have affected the economy of european cattles and the Public Safety. Their transmission is mainly through digestive system, and the compound feeds made with animal proteins are one source of infection for healthy cows. Nowadays the official method for meat and bone meal (MBM) detection in compound feeds is a microscopy technique. However, this methodology is subjective, and that alter the fact to make one exhaustive quantitative analysis and one differentiation between mammalian and poultry bones. In addition, the separation of the differents fractions in a sample by density before the analysis, requires the use of organochlorates products as $CCl_4$, which produce serious damages in the atmosphere ozone content. NIR methodology is another possible way to confirm and identifying animal ingredients in compound feeds, Its capabilities for quantitative and qualitative analysis of foods and feeds has been enought demonstrated. The objective of this work was to use NIR as a tool to make an qualitative and quantitative analysis and a prediction of the meat and bone meal presence in compound feeds from North Spain cattle farms. Using a global population of compound feeds, on make three different groups depending of MBM percentage presence (0, 0-100, 100), to build and validate one calibration equation to determine MBM content and make one discriminant analysis between these three groups. The preliminary dates obtained with another differents samples of known composition showed promising results.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.477-493
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• 2009

This research aims to examine Korean regional innovation governance, find structural problems, and explore alternative strategies of regional innovation governance. Especially the alternative governance was searched through the case study of Daegu-Kyungbuk mobile cluster, of which formulation Samsung is the anchor institution. Regional innovation governance in this research is defined as a policy system to link knowledge generation & diffusion subsystem and knowledge application & exploitation subsystem, and institutional conditions to steer the system. "Social Capital Assessment Tool (SOCAT)" of the World Bank was utilized for the appreciation of cluster governance. The regional innovation governance of Daegu-Kyungbuk mobile cluster is characterized as production networks dominated by one-to-one relationship between Samsung and hardware/software developers, decentralized R&D networks and policy networks with multiple hubs. Major policy agents have not developed networks with local companies, and rare are interactions between the policy agents. Local companies, especially software developers, responded they have had experiences to cooperate for local problem solving and shared their community goal, however, the degree of trust in major local project leaders is not high. Local hardware/software developers with core technologies need to be cooperative to develop similar technologies or products in Daegu-Kyungbuk mobile cluster. Regional administrative actors, such as the City of Daegu and Kyungsangbuk-do, and diverse innovation-related institutes should build cooperative environment where diverse project-based cooperation units are incessantly created, taken apart, and recreated.