• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.123-130
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• 1999

The bus as a feeder trip should supply equality service to the whole community. But in spite of the change of latent demand to the bus by the variety of regional structural change, the existing bus route can not supply effective feeder service. For cope with the latent demand to the bus, this study establish a concept that frame of the bus operation and management. This study tackled to evidence this fact by analyzing the bus transport problems in terms of the urban growth, and following issues were discussed: 1) the strategy for improvement of bus operation, 2) the land use control which is appropriate for the public transport network, 3) the economical range to justify the bus operation, 4) the allowance for the private transport mode. On the second part of this study, the difference on the bus operation was compared to determine the range within which the bus operation can be justified. This would provide the direction to improve the management for bus operation and fundamental information to develop the bus operation system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.195-208
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• 2009

A network design problem (NDP) formulated as a mathematical program is generally used to find an optimum value to minimize or to maximize some objectives such as total travel time, social benefit, or others. NDP has, however, some limits of describing components of travel patterns like activities and trip generation due to its modeling simplicity, and also it has difficulty in including attributes of regional planning. In order to cope with such limits, this paper extends NDP to the urban planning field and proposes a mathematical program which can describe the interactions between urban social activities and transportation planning. Based on this model the authors try to optimize both urban activities and the transportation system. The model developed in this paper is tested to assess its application with a real-size regional transportation network.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.58-72
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• 2018

Ganghwa has met a new development period in land use and infrastructure based on the 4th National Development Planning, however the public transportation system is not systematically operated yet. This paper analyzes the bus trip pattern in Ganghwa using transportation card data during a week. The result indicates that average 7,100 people use buses a day and the most frequent use occurred in Friday. Clear peak-hours between 7 and 8 A.M. and between 4 and 5 P.M. were appeared due to commuting and school trips. According the result of regression analysis, population and the number of hospitals and schools area showed positive relationships with but trips reflecting regional characteristics. The research contributes to providing basic data for constructing an efficient public transportation system in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.103-113
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• 2022

As globalization progresses and localization takes place, interest in local culture is increasing. In line with this trend, the Cultural Heritage Administration has been promoting the Cultural Heritage Night Tour Project as a night-type cultural property tourism content since 2016. Cultural property nightlife, part of the regional regeneration project, creates new added value by converging and combining various historical and cultural-related contents centered on local cultural heritage. Although the "cultural nightlife" has been greatly activated, it is judged that changes are needed to continue. This is because fixed nightlife programs are positive in terms of establishing a nationwide network, but there is a limitation in that they cannot be standardized and expanded to various forms. Therefore, in this study, the meaning and limitations of nightlife programs were identified, and cognitive theory applicable to nightlife programs was considered. Through this process, it was confirmed that cognitive poetry's 'circular for dynamic semantic composition', 'surreal foreground', and 'adventures in time and space' can be applied to nightlife programs. As a result of combining cognitive poetry with nightlife programs, it was possible to present a strategy for implementing nightlife programs differentiated from existing nightlife programs.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.341-357
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• 2006

Recently new periodic markets formed in large apartment areas where consumers live. Before, in the case of peasant periodic markets travelling merchants, consumers and producers met in specific places on decided dates. Closing time of apartment's new periodic markets is later than that of peasant periodic markets, and the number of travelling merchants is fewer than that of peasant periodic markets. The average number of apartment and household for a new periodic market is about ten and 920 respectively, and if neighboring apartment household are included, the number is larger. Apartment's new periodic markets in Cheongju city is included in Daejeon market area. The types of regional trip of travelling merchants can be divided into one round trip of two or three neighboring dongs and larger sphere of more than 4 dongs. The larger sphere round trip consists of one type combining the southeastern, southern and southwestern regions, and the other type combining southeastern and southwestern regions. About 85 percent of travelling merchants visit the periodic market 5 days in a week; about 12 percent of travelling merchants choose to visit on Saturday; only 2 percent of travelling merchants visit 4 days in a week.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.29-42
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• 2020

This study, we will identify and analyze the current status and trends of successful field trips and field experience learning in Korea to improve the future operation of the center so that the purpose of enhancing the regional economic ripple effect in Gyeongsangbuk-do and regaining its reputation as a school trip mecca and No. 1 location can be found. This study conducted qualitative research through FGI (Focus Group Interview) on accommodation managers, tourism-related stakeholders, tourism officials stakeholders, and tourism professors in order to explore new concepts of field trips and field experience learning in 23 cities and counties in Gyeongsangbuk-do, and ways to develop and promote tour programs based on the importance of experience. Through the FGI (Focus Group Interview) analysis results, problems related to improvement of accommodation, food and beverage, safety and service, cooperation among local tourism officials, enhancement of satisfaction with student group visitors linked to unique tourism resources and promotion, diagnosis and introduction of acceptance posture, and management of local residents, local tourism officials and public officials in Gyeongsangbuk-do needed to present the direction and opportunity of tourism policies in Gyeongsangbuk-do.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.293-316
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• 2002

This study aims to identify changes that have occurred in the regional structure and locational characteristics of the Najin-Seonbong Economic and Trade Zone established in North Korea in 1991. In order to analyze land use patterns as variables of change in the regional structure, an field trip data, satellite imagery and other materials about the region are examined. In terms of its location as a major regional transit hub, the Najin-seonbong Economic and Trade Zone has not been supported by the required infrastructural developments and the establishment of the export processing zones has exposed the lack of vital links with local networks and industry. Thus, despite the fact that the local government has made a lot of effort in attracting foreign investment over the past decade, little progress has been made and the region has not changed. By and large, its operational efficiency and potential for development as a major export processing zone has been relatively limited. In the long w, prospects for the region's emergence as a major economic player will depend on the North Korean Govemment's policy in tackling the various infrastructural deficiencies.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.101-113
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• 2017

This study examines the mobility of the disadvantaged population groups in terms of public transportation using the 2014 smart card data in Seoul, Korea. Particularly, we focus on the disadvantaged population such as senior group, junior group, and low-income population group. Based on the spatial distributions of public transportation mobility levels and the disadvantaged population groups, we identify specific areas where public transportation service should be improved for the disadvantaged population. As a result, we identify 15 administrative-dongs where the ratio of the disadvantaged population is high while the mobility index of public transit is low. The main contributions of this study are as follows. First, we use the smart card data which contains the information of actual trip made by individuals and develop the evaluation process of urban mobility for the disadvantaged population groups. Second, we identify the specific areas where public transportation service should be improved for the different group of the disadvantaged population. Lastly, we discuss policy implications to improve the urban mobility of the disadvantaged population.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.54-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to clarify motives, itinerary and general patterns associated with the traveling of the upper class in the Chosun Dynasty based on twenty travel accounts of Mt. Chungryang. In addition, previous studies were referred to in order to compare these trips to Mt. Chungryang with those which were undertaken to Mt. Kumgang so as to identify the unique characteristics of those involved with the trips to Mt. Chungryang and of these trips in themselves. Through this process, unique characteristics, such as the travelers' academic backgrounds and place of origin, as well as how these travelers' relationship with their teachers influenced the motivation for these trips were uncovered, as were the processes through which travel schedules and companions were selected. Moreover, the researcher identified similarities and differences between the travel of Mt. Chungryang and Mt. Kumgang in terms of the travelers' motivation for the trip, the transportation methods they employed, and the kind of accommodation they sought. Moreover while similarities were also uncovered with regards to the travel practices of the literati class during this time, differences emerged in terms of their travel dates and schedules.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.26
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• pp.203-211
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• 2005

The National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH) conducted the Asia Cooperation Programme in Conservation Science(ACPCS) to facilitate and promote the regional cooperation in the conservation of cultural heritage among Asian countries. This course was promoted to provide an opportunity to study and work together, also to share a knowledge and experience in conservation field. The target countries were from 17 Asian countries, and this year our selection committee selected 2 specialist in cultural heritage conservation field and selected persons had participated in the ACPCS course during three months. NRICH provided the round-trip airline tickets, overseas travel accident insurance and a living allowance to the course participants. And we requested programme announcement to Korean National Commission for UNESCO and Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade to progress favorably. This course period was three months from 29 August to 25 November, and the fields were conservation and restoration of tangible cultural heritage such as metal conservation, stone conservation, material analysis, DNA analysis, dating, biological control management of cultural heritage, environmental monitoring and so on.