• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-164
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• 2010

혈관분포도(vascularity) 및 세포조밀도(cellularity)와 같은 종양의 생물학적 특성을 고려한 임상표적체적을 결정하기 위하여, 국부혈류용적영상(regional cerebral blood volume map, rCBV map)과 겉보기확산계수영상(apparent diffusion coefficient map, ADC map)의 종양 체적을 해부학적 영상 위에 맵핑 할 수 있는 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 개발한 프로그램은 해부학적 영상 및 기능 영상 간 mutual information, affine transform, non-rigid registration을 이용한 영상 정합 기능을 제공한다. 영상 정합 후 기준 영상과 정합된 영상에서 획득한 각 segmented bone의 겹치는 체적 비율 및 contour 간 평균 거리를 이용하여 정합도 평가도 가능하다. 잔여 종양이 있는 악성신경아교종 환자의 영상을 이용하여 소프트웨어의 기능을 평가하였을 때, bone segmentation과 contour 간 평균 거리 차이를 이용한 정합도는 각각 약 74%와 2.3 mm였으며, 수동정합을 이용하여 2~5% 정도의 정합도를 향상 시킬 수 있었다. 종양의 생물학적 특성을 치료 계획에 반영할 수 있도록, color map을 이용하여 rCBV map을 분석하였으며, ADC map에서 설정한 관심 영역의 평균 확산 계수와 표준 편차 등을 계산하여 종양의 예후 인자 및 악성도를 평가하였다. 두 기능 영상이 공통적으로 나타내는 종양 체적에서 얻은 생물학적 인자를 평면 위에 맵핑하여 종양의 특성을 쉽게 파악할 수 있는 multi-functional parametric map을 구성하였다. 또한 각기능 인자에 대응되는 악성 종양의 임계값을 적용하여 주변 종양 세포에 비하여 혈관 분포도는 높으면서 확산 계수는 낮아 악성 종양 세포일 확률이 높은 영역을 구분할 수 있었다. 각 기능 영상 위에서 설정한 생물학적 종양 체적 및 악성도가 높은 국소 체적은 해부학적 영상 위에 표시하여 dicom 파일로 출력할 수 있었다. 개발한 소프트웨어는 기능적 다중영상을 이용하여 생물학적 종양 체적을 해부학적 영상 위에 맵핑하는데 적용할 수 있으며, 해부학적 영상에서 파악하기 어려운 종양의 특성 변화들을 치료 계획에 활용할 수 있다. 나아가 개발한 소프트웨어를 이용하여, 한 종류의 영상을 참고하여 종양 체적을 결정했을 때 발생할 수 있는 오류를 줄이고, 치료 전이나 치료 과정에서 나타나는 종양의 조직학적, 생리학적 특성을 치료 계획에 접목하는데 활용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2008

목적: 복강경 보조 위전절제술은 기술적 어려움과 환자수가 많지 않음으로 인하여 복강경 보조 위원위부 절제술에 비하여 연구가 많지 않은 상황이다. 따라서 저자들은 본원에서 시행한 복강경 보조 위전절제술의 수술성적과 수술후 경과 및 합병증 발생 예측인자와 복강경 보조 위전절제술의 학습곡선에 관하여 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 1월부터 2007년 9월까지 술 전 검사상 위의 중 상부에 위치한 조기위암(cT1N0)을 진단받고 한 술자에 의해 복강경 보조 위전절제술을 시행 받은 연속적인 48명의 환자를 대상으로 의무기록을 바탕을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 수술 중 합병증이나 개복수술로의 전환은 없었고 평균 수술시간은 $212{\pm}67$분이었다. 평균 적출 림프절 개수는 $29{\pm}10$개였고 모든 환자에서 안전한 종양 경계 면이 확보되었다. 수술 후 가스배출, 식이시작, 퇴원시기는 각각 평균 2.98일, 3.67일, 7.08일이었다. 외과적 합병증은 5명(10.4%)에서 발생하였고 모두 보전적 치료로 호전되었다. 단변량 및 다변량 분석에서 합병증 발생에 영향을 주는 유일한 인자는 체질량지순(P=0.035, HR=2.462)였으며 수술 시간을 기준으로 한 학습곡선 분석에서 20예가 학습곡선인 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 복강경 보조 위전절제술은 위의 중 상부에 위치한 조기위암에 대한 적절한 술식이며 수술성적과 수술 후 경과가 양호하다. 그러나 학습곡선을 단축하기 위해서는 복강경 보조 위원위부절제술의 충분한 경험이 필요하며, 특히 초기경험에서는 수술 후 합병증을 줄이기 위하여 환자 선택에 있어서 체질량지수를 고려하는 게 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권1호
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• pp.56-66
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• 2022

Background: Because the etiologies of bronchiectasis and related diseases vary significantly among different regions and ethnicities, this study aimed to develop a diagnostic bundle for bronchiectasis in South Korea. Methods: A modified Delphi method was used to develop expert consensus statements on a diagnostic bundle for bronchiectasis in South Korea. Initial statements proposed by a core panel, based on international bronchiectasis guidelines, were discussed in an online meeting and two email surveys by a panel of experts (≥70% agreement). Results: The study involved 21 expert participants, and 30 statements regarding a diagnostic bundle for bronchiectasis were classified as recommended, conditional, or not recommended. The consensus statements of the expert panel were as follows: A standardized diagnostic bundle is useful in clinical practice; diagnostic tests for specific diseases, including immunodeficiency and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, are necessary when clinically suspected; initial diagnostic tests, including sputum microbiology and spirometry, are essential in all patients with bronchiectasis, and patients suspected with rare causes such as primary ciliary dyskinesia should be referred to specialized centers. Conclusion: Based on this Delphi survey, expert consensus statements were generated including specific diagnostic, laboratory, microbiological, and pulmonary function tests required to manage patients with bronchiectasis in South Korea.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.147-178
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• 2003

In terms of reinforcing the functions and services of rescue 119 and emergency corps, we must review the following considerations : Building up security system along with operational expansion, building up a system for emergency medical treatment, buliding up a comprehensive information management system for rescue and emergency, constructing a provincial safety museum and so forth. For the ways to better the works of rescue 119, we can review the following considerations : Improving the education for fire fighting trainging corps under Jeju Provicial Fire and disaster management department, providing rescue members with more opportunity for clinical practices, enhancing the morale of rescue members, installing a comprehensive briefing room for emergency rescue members, building up medical networks along with reasonable policies for information service, operating the consulting system for rescue 119 and so on. Provide little more superior quality high fire fighting service to jeju islander, and need long-term and elaborate research to correspond in rising fire fighting man-power demand newly and investment. Construction of well-matched disaster administration system is assignment that must hurry in international free city. That jejudo receives time factor about that is received for another thing area's number of persons or equipment when regional special quality large scale or disaster happens is that of course the support receives limitation immediately. Jeju fire fighting services is one story reform, specialization taking into account particular situation of jeju area to grow as sightseeing and center of culture intending international free city, should be upgraded. So, it may do big contribution naturally in jeju international free city phase that coincide jeju islander's social welfare promotion and safety desire.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2022

Health centers provided intensive health care services for local residents according to changes in the times and environment. Public health centers were given various roles such as medical treatment, administration, and service, and the demand for functional reorganization has emerged. We analyzed the literature on the functional restructuring of public health care institutions. In addition, the current status of medical services, which is the main function of institutions, will be analyzed through health insurance statistical data, and detailed contents will be analyzed according to regional types and income levels. As a result of the analysis of medical services at institutions, the total number of patients was 2,238,000, and the number of visits was 11,806 times. Total medical expenses were 169.6 billion won, of which 132 billion won was found to be benefit. When analyzing the number of patients per institution, public health centers had the largest number of 4,326, and the share of benefit was also the highest at public health centers. It should focus on the function of providing local health and medical services related to health promotion and disease prevention in the community. This functional reorganization of public health centers can contribute to forming cooperative relationships with private medical institutions in the local community. For this, first, to establish the role, essential functions for public health centers for preventive health management are established. Secondly, regular manpower expansion and flexible manpower management are required in the human resources sector. Finally, in the organizational sector, it is necessary to establish a step-by-step organizational system according to environmental changes.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2015

Objectives: In Korea, the system of management of medical waste largely relies on the incineration method. Our study aimed to identify any regional imbalances between the generation and treatment of medical waste, and provide reference data for future policy in Korea. Methods: We analyzed data on the amount of medical waste from 2,000 hospitals in 2012, 2013, and 2014 obtained from the Korea Environment Corporation. In the Arc GIS program (version 10.2.3), the addresses of hospitals and incinerators were transformed into map coordinates. The amount of waste generated by each hospital and the amount incinerated were represented by density and size of a triangle symbol, respectively. Results: As of 2014, the total amount of medical waste from the top 2,000 hospitals was 136,073 tons, out of which about half (49%) was generated in the capital area. Eleven incineration companies (three in the capital area, two in the Chungcheong Provinces area, one in the Jeolla Provinces area, and five in the Gyeongsang Provinces area) treated this waste. For the years 2012, 2013, and 2014, about 60% of the medical waste generated from the hospitals in the capital area was treated within the capital area and about 40% was transported to other areas, especially the Gyeongsang Provinces area, for treatment. On the other hand, about 90% of the medical waste incinerated in the capital area originated from the capital area. Conclusion: Our results suggest a spatial imbalance between the generation and treatment of medical waste in Korea and warrants multilateral policies, including the expansion of on-site treatment, strengthening regulation of the containment of medical wastes, promoting reductions in medical waste and more.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2010

배경: 수술 전 항암요법은 원발 종양과 같은 쪽 종격동 또는 기관용골하 림프절전이가 있는 비소세포 폐암(N2 질환)에 대한 치료로서 본원의 치료방침으로 사용 중이나, 병기결정을 위한 검사들의 위음성(false-negative)으로 인해 선행요법 없이 수술한 뒤 병리학적으로 N2 질환으로 진단되는 경우가 있다. 이에 초기 치료로서 수술을 시행했던 예측되지 않은 N2 비소세포폐암 치료의 성적을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 1월부터 2007년 6월까지 비소세포폐암으로 진단받고 초기 치료로서 폐절제술을 시행한 뒤 병리학적 N2로 확인된 225명의 환자들 중 술 전 림프절 병기가 N0 또는 N1이었던 170명의 환자들 연구 대상하여 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 생존율과 무재발 생존율 및 재발양상을 분석하였으며 생존율에 관계된 예후인자에 대하여 조사하였다. 결과: 5년 전체 생존율 (overall survival rate)은 35.4%였고, 중앙 생존 기간(median survival time)은 31개월이었다. 생존율에 영향을 미치는 인자로서 술 후 보조요법을 받지 않은 경우, 조직학적 유형이 선암이나 편평상피세포암이 아닌 경우, 병리학적 T 병기가 T2 이상인 경우, 70세 이상의 고령, 술 전 종격동내시경을 시행하지 않은 경우에 예후가 더 불량한 것으로 나타났다. 경과 관찰 중 79명(46.5%)에서 재발이 확인되었고 이중 20명(25.3%)은 국소재발이었고 56명(70.9%)은 원격전이로 재발하였다. 5년 무재발 생존율은 33.7%였다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 초기 치료로서 수술을 시행했던 예측되지 않은 N2 비소세포폐암 환자들의 생존율에 있어 비교적 좋은 성적을 보이고 있다. 하지만 보다 설득력 있는 결과를 위해서는 전향적 비교분석 연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2005

An ideal trauma care system would include all the components identified with optimal trauma care, such as prevention, access, acute hospital care, rehabilitation, and research activities. Central to an ideal system is a large resource-rich trauma center. The need for resources is primarily based on the concept of being able to provide immediate medical care for unlimited numbers of injured patients at any time. Optimal resources at such a trauma center would include inhouse board-certified emergency medicine physicians, general surgeons, anesthesiologists, neurosurgeons, and orthopedic surgeons. Other board-certified specialists would be available, within a short time frame, to all patients who require their expertise. This center would require a certain volume of injured patients to be admitted each year, and these patients would include the most severely injured patients within the system. Additionally, certain injuries that are infrequently seen would be concentrated in this special center to ensure that these patients could be properly treated and studied, providing the opportunity to improve the care of these patients. These research activities are necessary to enhance our knowledge of the care of the injured. Basic science research in areas such as shock, brain edema, organ failure, and rehabilitation would also be present in the ideal center. This trauma center would have an integrated concurrent performance improvement program to ensure optimal care and continuous improvement in care. This center would not only be responsible for assessing care delivered within its trauma program, but for helping to organize the assessment of care within the entire trauma system. This ideal trauma center would serve as a total resource for all organizations dealing with the injured patient in the regional area.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1992

Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) is one of the most expensive and sophisticated diagnostic tool and has been hailed as the most exciting event in medical imaging "since the introduction of X-rays", but a major disadvantage, high cost, is coming into focus especially in our country. To determine the status of distribution of MR imagers in Korea and to serve as a basic material for an efficient utilization of this Imaging machine, a retrospective survey of nationwide and regional(3 hospitals in Pusan) installations was performed. The results were as follows : 1. As of April 30, 1991, a total of 33 MRI units(24 for superconducting, 6 for permanent and 3 for resistive units) were set up and operated. 91% of the units were distributed in big cities with no one installation in 7 provinces among 12 provinces in our country. 85% of the units were imported. 2. Although 42.4% of the units were operated in Seoul, Taejeon had the best condition for the distribution of this imaging machine per population, hospital, and bed in Korea. 3. In Pusan : a) 5 units were operated with all superconducting magnet and medium magnetic field in type of machine. b) 80.1 % of the examinations were central nervous system(CNS). c) MRI examination occupied 1.4% of all radiographic examinations and the patients referred from other hospitals were composed of 23.4%% of all patients. 4. The average days under operating of MRI unit a week in Puasn were higher(5.5) than that of Seoul(4.5), but the average number of examinations and hours a week and a day, respectively(33, 8.4), was less than that of Seoul(57, 12.9). 5. The patients with positive MRI findings in a hospital(B) in Pusan was 74.5% on an average.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2021

Background: With the recent aging of the population, the transition to a disease structure centered on chronic diseases is accelerating. Moreover, the socio-economic gap and the polarization of the health gap between regions further increase the burden of disease on the country. Accordingly, this study calculated the disease cost of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, which are the three major chronic diseases, to establish an effective health promotion policy strategy for each region, and analyzed the gap in disease cost within the region to determine health determinants at the individual as well as the regional level. Methods: This study utilized data from the 2015 sample cohort of the National Health Insurance Service and calculated the disease cost of patients (diabetes: I10-I15, hypertension: E10-E14, hyperlipidemia: E78) based on the main diagnosis. Results: Based on our analysis, the case of medical use in cities and provinces was higher than in metropolitan cities, with relatively small medical use in Seoul and Gangwon-do. In terms of the disease cost, the cost of chronic diseases in Seoul and Jeju was the highest, but the difference in disease cost between patients in each region was the largest in Seoul and Gangwon-do. Conclusion: The results of this study provide meaningful data for implementing efficient health promotion policies by analyzing the differences in disease cost and identifying health determinants in different regions. Furthermore, in Korea, where socioeconomic differences are clearly revealed, it can be used as a basis for preparing a strategic plan, from a long-term perspective, to improve the health of patients with chronic diseases in the future.