• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.639-646
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• 2003

Nowadays traction motors in the urban rail transit vehicle are controlled by VVVF inverter and have capability of regenerative braking. The algorithms to deal with the regenerating vehicle in simulation for the DC traction power supply is introduced in this paper. Substations have to be separated from the system to represent reverse biased rectifiers in substations. The model of the trains in regenerative braking has to be changed from the ideal current source to the constant voltage source since the train input voltage has to be controlled below the certain train maximum voltage. Some mismatches are unevitable because the constraint of the regenerated power can not be imposed with the constant voltage source. The mismatches represent the unused regenerated power. A computer program is developed to verify the validity of the algorithm. The test run result shows the program behaves as it is expected and proves the algorithm's validity.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2002

영구자석 동기전동기의 제동 알고리듬을 제안한다. 전동기의 고정자 저항을 제동저항으로 사용함으로써 전동기의 운동에너지를 부가적인 제어회로 없이 고정자권선에서 소모한다. 제안된 제동 알고리듬은 고정자권선에서 전력소모를 최대화하고 DC 링크 콘덴서전압 제한 및 인버터 전류제한 조건하에서 최대의 제동토크를 발생하여 제동시간을 최소화 할 수 있다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2009년도 제40회 하계학술대회
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• pp.1161_1162
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• 2009

The recent environmental protection trend requires more strict energy saving, therefore every transportation system should reduce energy consumption to the minimum value. High-efficiency operation system, energy saving and $CO_2$ emissions shall be addressed as important issue in railway system. These issues are the most essential factors of railway, compared to major public transportation system. Recently, saving energy in the electric railway system has been studied. For such new energy saving, the energy storage system is considered for saving energy. Energy saving is possible by efficient use of regenerated energy. Regenerated energy is recycled amongst vehicles by mean of charge and discharge corresponding to powering and braking of electric vehicle operations. This energy saving contributes to cut $CO_2$ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling regenerated energy demonstrate significant effect on peak cut of consumption energy in railway substation. Absorption of excess energy avoids regeneration failure due to high traction voltage. Therefore, the energy storage system is needed to be adopted to use regeneration energy when the vehicle is braking.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1461-1467
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• 2009

The electric railway is a clean and energy saving system, because it requires relatively less energy than automobiles by transporting the same passengers or goods. Six thousands of vehicles are operated on Korean urban transit system. This system is 95% of regeneration system. Especially, the VVVF-Inverter vehicle has a merit of the highest regeneration rate. Energy consumption is 90% for traction and 10% for auxiliary supply. Braking energy is about 40% of energy consumption. Up to 40% of the tractive power of vehicles capable of returning energy to the power supply can be regenerated during braking and that this energy can be used to feed vehicles which are accelerating at the same time. The energy generated by braking vehicle would simply be converted into waste heat by its braking resistors if no other vehicle is accelerating at exactly the same time. Such synchronized braking and accelerating can not be coordinated, the ESS(energy storage system) stores the energy generated during braking and discharges it again when a vehicle accelerates. This paper presents field tests about the energy saving rate of the developed ESS. when the ESS is on/off, energy saving rate of the ESS is tested. The verification test in the field focused on energy saving.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.611-616
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• 1999

The introduction of the eddy current braking(ECB) system in HSRT(high speed railway train) is known to be advantageous, in that the system is independent on wheel-rail adhesion coefficient which is greatly affected by weather condition. It also minimize the maintenance of the brake system and does not require any additional electric energy because it is powered form the regenerated power at the time of the braking. In this study, the braking and attraction forces of the ECB are simulated by 2-D FEM and are experimentally verified on a down-scaled prototype. A control algorithm of the ECB is proposed to generate constant braking torque using linear variation of the reference current according to speed. Experimental results shows that the constant torque is generated over all operating speed region by developed control algorithm.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.966-971
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• 2009

The recent environmental protection trend requires more strict energy saving, therefore every transportation system should reduce energy consumption to the minimum value. High-efficiency operation system, energy saving and CO2 emissions shall be addressed as important issue in railway system. These issues are the most essential factors of railway, compared to major public transportation system. Recently, saving energy in the electric railway system has been studied. For such new energy saving, the Energy storage system is considered for saving energy. Energy saving is possible by efficient use of regenerated energy. Regenerated energy is recycled amongst vehicles by mean of charge and discharge corresponding to powering and braking of electric vehicle operations. This energy saving contributes to cut CO2 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Recycling regenerated energy demonstrate significant effect on peak cut of consumption energy in railway substation. Absorption of excess energy avoids regeneration failure due to high traction voltage. This paper presents effects by applying the energy storage system to SeoulMetro Line 2.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2012

As people are getting concerned to Environment recently, researches on the environmentally-friendly and effective railway system have been conducted in every aspects. Especially as it became known that the pattern of train driving causes the difference in energy consumption, the researches on the train driving to minimize the energy consumption are gaining a lot of interest. The main study showed the optimal driving to minimize energy consumption while driving after analyzing real driving data measured by EMU of Bundang-line real driving, determining the impact on energy consumption due to train driving pattern changes, executing a variety of simulation on real driving patterns by Matlab Simulink and finally driving between stations by given driving times.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.320-325
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• 2005

Power of fuel cell tram is supplied by only fuel cell system or hybrid system of fuel cell and battery/super capacity. Fuel cell is operated by hydrogen, which is fed directly from hydrogen tank or by reforming gasoline or methanol into hydrogen. Power system is preferred with hybrid of fuel cell and battery/super capacity since it improves total energy efficiency through interaction of hybrid components and restores energy regenerated by braking. Also, power supply system by fuel cell hybrid should be designed to output optimum energy efficiency depending on driving mode of fuel cell tram.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2010

The recent environmental protection trend requires more strict energy saving, therefore every transportation system should reduce energy consumption to the minimum value. High-efficiency operation system, energy saving and $CO_2$ emissions shall be addressed as important issues in railway system. These issues are the most essential factors of railway, compared to major public transportation system. Recently, saving energy in the electric railway system has been studied. The efficient use of regenerated energy is considered to save energy. Namely, Using regenerative energy is that to store the energy generated during braking and discharge it again when a vehicle accelerates. Reusing energy stores and discharges energy, consequently enables a complete exchange of energy between vehicles, even if they are not braking and accelerating at precisely the same time, as is most frequently the case in everyday service. This paper analyzes effects of energy saving and $CO_2$-cut by using regenerative energy of electric vehicles.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2009

회생에너지는 회생 전동차와 역행 전동차의 순간적인 오버랩 경우를 제외하고, 전동차내 저항기 또는 전차선의 저항에 의해 열로서 사라지게 된다. 에너지자정시스템은 전동차 제동시 발생되어 재활용되지 못하고 사라지는 회생 에너지를 에너지저장시스템에 저장하고 전동차가 역행할 때 에너지저장시스템으로부터 에너지를 공급하여 도시철도시스템에서 회생 에너지를 재할용하는 시스템이다. 동시에 역행과 제동하는 차량이 존재하지 않을 지라도 차량간 에너지의 완전한 교환이 이루어 질 수 있다. 따라서 에너지저장시스템은 에너지를 저장하고 재활용함으로서 에너지를 절감할 수 있는 유용한 장치이다. 에너지저장시스템은 운행시격과 관계가 깊은데, 운행 시격이 짧은 경우보다 큰 경우 전동차 회생시 회생 에너지가 모두 에너지저장시스템으로 저장되므로 저장된 에너지를 활용할 수 있어 도시철도 운영기관의 에너지 절감율이 높아지게 된다. 반대로 운행 시격이 짧을 경우 한 변전소 구간 내에 전동차 여러 편성이있을 수 있다. 이때 하나의 전동차 회생시 이 회생 에너지가 주변의 역행 전동차에 공급되면 에너지저장시스템으로 들어오는 회생 에너지는 적을 것이다. 따라서 본 논문은 에너지저장시스템을 적용하는데 있어서 악조건인 운행 시격이 국내에서 가장 짧은 서울메트로 2호선을 대상으로 에너지저장시스템 적용 효과를 에너지절감 측면에서 현장 실측과 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석하고자 한다.