• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.189-202
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 2015 개정 초등학교 수학 교과서의 규칙성 영역 단원에 제시된 발문의 유형과 기능을 학년군별로 비교 분석하여 발문의 특성을 파악하고 규칙성 영역 지도에 효과적인 발문 활용에 있어서 교수·학습상의 시사점을 얻고자 하였다. 연구 결과 교과서의 규칙성 영역 단원에 제시된 발문의 유형은 학년군별로 공통되게 추론 발문, 사실 발문, 열린 발문 순으로 출현 비율이 높게 나타났으며 특히 모든 학년군에서 추론 발문의 출현 비율이 가장 높게 나타났다. 규칙성 영역 단원에서는 규칙을 찾는 과정에서 추측, 발명, 해결 활동을 돕거나 수학적 추론을 돕는 기능으로 작용하는 발문이 상대적으로 많이 제시되었다. 이러한 발문의 유형과 작용 기능은 학년군별 학습 내용 및 학년군의 특성과 관련이 있음을 유추해볼 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 통하여 규칙성 영역 지도 시 발문 구안에 있어서 참고자료의 제공 및 나아가 규칙성 교수·학습을 발전적으로 유도하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제20권3E호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2001

This study aims to describe a prosodic pattern on the Korean subjective particles with respect to their discourse function. 4 kinds of Korean subjective particles were mainly investigated with reference to sentential location, grammatical relations that precede or follow the word including subjective particles, and prosodic phrasing. F0 and energy were gradually diminished as the particles moved down to the sentential final position. 'Ga'particle, which has been potentially regarded as having a grammatical focusing function, looks like to show relatively higher F0 in sentential medial in discourse. At sentential medial position, when the words including 'ga, eun, and neun'particles were preceded by adverbials, the acoustic variables of particles tended to be diminished by some ratio in comparison with the mean value. The duration of particles might vary with respect to style variation and especially that it tended to diminish from 150 basic, 50 separate, and finally 50 discourse successively. And there's some specific phenomenon that prosodic phrasing itself was relatively easily taken place after 'eun' and 'neun' particles. Finally, I tried to catch the prosodic characteristics (which would be established as acoustic features) of inter-word position at which specific subjective particles were intervened. These acoustic features can be made up of the duration and F0 fluctuation activated in the successive 3 syllables in which word (or prosodic) boundary was located.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.843-856
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to explore the subjective opinions related to of smoking behavior of university students with a history of smoking. The research period was from Feb, 1. 1996 to Sep. 10. 1997. The research method used was Q-methodology. The process of the research was as follows : 1. Collection of concourse : The statement of self-reference was derived from face to face interviews with 50 university students. Statement were categorized by researcher according to semantics. 2. Extraction of Q-sample : 38 of the self-reference statements from the 32 categories of the Q-population were selected. 3. Selection of P-sample : 30 of university students were selected by consideration of diversity in sociodemographic background. 4. Based on a 1 to 9 point scale, the selected university students were made to participate in Q-sorting. 5. Analysis of Q-type was obtained by use of the QUANAL program. The results of this study revealed as follows : There are three types of smoking behavior of Korean university students. 1. The first type focused on the right of the individual to smoke and the lack of recognition of smoking behavior as a health hazard. 2. The second type cared about smoking behavior as a hazard to health. 3. The third type was habitual smoker. They are bored and smoke habitually. It is suggested that the results of this study may contribute to the development of strategies for the purpose of decreasing the incidence of smoking of university students.

• 인지과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2003

눈 운동과 관련된 공간지각 왜곡이 다양하게 보고 되었는데, 대부분의 공간지각 왜곡이 두 눈이 동일한 방향으로 움직이는 눈 운동에 국한되어 연구되었다. 이형철, 감기택, 김은수와 윤장한 (2002)은 두 눈이 각기 반대 방향으로 움직이는 원근방향 추적 눈 운동 동안에 시공간적인 중첩패턴에 의해 정의되는 대상의 경사가 체계적으로 왜곡되어 지각된다는 것을 보고하였다. 본 연구에서는 배경과 대상이 상이한 명도를 갖는 반투명 대상의 경사가 원근방향 추적 눈 운동에 의해 왜곡되어 지각되는지를 검증하였고, 동시에 목표대상의 주위에 존재하는 참조자극이 경사지각 왜곡에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1212-1218
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• 2014

본 논문은 UWB 대역 중 낮은 대역만을 만족하던 기존 보우타이 모노폴 안테나의 접지 패치 변경을 통한 초광대역화 설계를 제안한다. 기존의 안테나는 반원형 접지 패치를 가진데 반해, 제안된 안테나는 오각형 형태의 접지 패치를 가지도록 설계되어 UWB 대역 전체에서 동작이 가능하다. 측정된 안테나의 반사손실 특성은 4.9~5.8 GHz에서 갖는 저지 대역 외의 3.1~10.6 GHz 에서 -10 dB 이하를 만족한다. 측정된 안테나의 방사패턴은 모노폴 안테나의 방사패턴과 유사한 특성을 지니며, 저지 대역 주파수인 5.8 GHz에서 안테나 이득은 동작 주파수 대비 약 8 dB 감소되었다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.261-278
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• 1998

The paper represented the lower extremity muscle model as four rigid-body segments: trunk, shank, and foot. We transformed their tibial data into our shank data by rotating their tibial X and Y axes by 5.483 degrees, so the revised coordinate data used to translating the origin of their tibial reference frame to our shank reference frame. According to weight of subject, physiological cross-setional area(PCSA) of each lower extremity muscle was calculated by scaling those data by Brand. The objectives of this paper are to investigate the variations of the recruitment patterns of the lower extremity muscles, and to analyze the changes of the role assigned to each muscle during the seated foot operation. For exertion levels, the transition point of type F motor unit of each muscle is inferred by analyzing the electromyogram at the seated postures. Also, for predetermined seated foot operations exertion levels, the recruitment pattern and the changes of the role assigned are identified in the continuous exertion, by analyzing the electromyogram changes due to the accumulated muscle fatigue. This study can be used to design and to assess the pedals and foot-related equipments design.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2013

Fabric industry has been developing enough to introduce diverse stretch materials to apparel market, so that tightly fitting leggings designs are taking over not only sports wear but also women's clothing. This study is aimed at developing prototype designs for leggings pants using stretch material that are appropriate for the lower part of body being functional, comfortable, and beautiful. As well, the study is intended to be of a reference in manufacturing such products. Some of the most popular leggings on the market in their kinds and materials were primarily selected to be tested in two ways: wear test and appearance test. Again, the test pants went through the same kinds of two tests, which turned out two designs. Finally, the test pants were treated to yield the most desirable prototype design. In conducting all these tests, some major defects causing discomfort and shortcomings of the leggings pants on the market were exposed and through the wear tests, the drawbacks were seen to be complemented in a big way. Thus, it is hopefully expected that this study will serve as a good reference for developing stretch pants.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.769-788
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• 2016

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of a special plaster on the out-of-plane behavior of masonry walls. A reference specimen, plastered with conventional plaster, and a specimen plastered with a special plastered were tested under reversed cyclic lateral loading. The specimens were identical in dimensions and material properties. The special plaster contained an additive, which increased the adherence strength of the plaster to the wall. The amount of the additive in the mortar was adjusted based on the preliminary material tests. The influence of the plaster on the wall behavior was evaluated according to the initial cracking load, type of failure, energy absorption capacity (modulus of toughness), and crack pattern of the wall. Despite having limited contribution to the ductility, the special plaster increased the ultimate load capacity of the wall about 25%. The failure mode of the wall with special plaster resembled the plastic failure mechanism of a reinforced concrete slab in the formation of yielding lines along the wall. The deflection at failure and the modulus of toughness of the wall with special plaster were measured to be in order of 60% and 75% of the corresponding values of the reference wall.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

The uncertainty in WindCube LIDAR measurements, which are specific to wind profiling at less than 200m above ground levelin wind resource assessments, was analyzed focusing on the error caused by its volume sampling principle. A two-month SODAR measurement campaign conducted in an urban environment was adopted as the reference wind profile assuming that various atmospheric boundary layer shapes had been captured. The measurement error of LIDAR at a height z was defined as the difference in the wind speeds between the SODAR reference data, which was assumed to be a virtually true value, and the numerically averaged wind speed for a sampling volume height interval of $z{\pm}12.5m$. The pattern of uncertainty in the measurement was found to have a maximum in the lower part of the atmospheric boundary layer and decreased with increasing height. It was also found that the relative standard deviations of the wind speed error ratios were 6.98, 2.70 and 1.12% at the heights of 50, 100 and 150m above ground level, respectively.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.793-798
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• 2014

To generate finite-power Airy beams, a novel holographic method is proposed. We record the interference pattern between an Airy beam (signal beam) and plane wave (reference beam) on a photopolymer, then decode the hologram by illuminating with the reference beam. The reconstructed beams still present the non-diffraction, acceleration, and self-healing features of optical Airy beams. In addition, angular multiplexing of two Airy beams with opposite acceleration directions is presented.