• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.4 no.10
• /
• pp.2453-2460
• /
• 1997

Among the method of developing software there are many object-oriented analysis(OOA) techniques, and the new ones are being introduced continuously. The present OOA techniques, however, have difficulty in the identification and the verification of the objects and tend to ignore high-level control aspects of the problem due to the initial partitioning of them on the basis of the data. As a result, it brings inaccurate understanding and faults in the software which is required by users. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to design the TOVERC to verify completeness and consistency through cross-reference between the state transition diagram and the methods of object model in order to reflect the requirements of users in the analysis of software considering this problem.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
• /
• 2014.04a
• /
• pp.904-907
• /
• 2014

In this work we present a robust and fast approach to estimate 3D vehicle pose that can provide results under a specific traffic surveillance conditions. Such limitations are expressed by single fixed CCTV camera that is located relatively high above the ground, its pitch axes is parallel to the reference plane and the camera focus assumed to be known. The benefit of our framework that it does not require prior training, camera calibration and does not heavily rely on 3D model shape as most common technics do. Also it deals with a bad shape condition of the objects as we focused on low resolution surveillance scenes. Pose estimation task is presented as PnP problem to solve it we use well known "POSIT" algorithm [1]. In order to use this algorithm at least 4 non coplanar point's correspondence is required. To find such we propose a set of techniques based on model and scene geometry. Our framework can be applied in real time video sequence. Results for estimated vehicle pose are shown in real image scene.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.587-595
• /
• 2019

Deformation measurement of large scale structures, such as the ground beds of high-rise buildings, tunnels, bridge, and railways, are important for insuring service quality and safety. The pose-relay videometrics method and displacement-relay videometrics method have already presented to measure the pose of non-intervisible objects and vertical subsidence of unstable areas, respectively. Both methods combine the cameras and cooperative markers to form the camera series networks. Based on these two networks, we propose two novel videometrics methods with closed-loop camera series network for deformation measurement of large scale structures. The closed-loop camera series network offers "closed-loop constraints" for the camera series network: the deformation of the reference points observed by different measurement stations is identical. The closed-loop constraints improve the measurement accuracy using camera series network. Furthermore, multiple closed-loops and the flexible combination of camera series network are introduced to facilitate more complex deformation measurement tasks. Simulated results show that the closed-loop constraints can enhance the measurement accuracy of camera series network effectively.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.313-326
• /
• 2007

In this paper, an algorithm to reconstruct two orthogonal images into a three-dimensional image is developed in order to measure the bubble size and volume in a two-phase boiling flow. The central-active contour model originally proposed by P. $Szczypi\'{n}ski$ and P. Strumillo is modified to reduce the dependence on the initial reference point and to increase the contour stability. The modified model is then applied to the algorithm to extract the object boundary. This improved central contour model could be applied to obscure objects using a variable threshold value. The extracted boundaries from each image are merged into a three-dimensional image through the developed algorithm. It is shown that the object reconstructed using the developed algorithm is very similar or identical to the real object. Various values such as volume and surface area are calculated for the reconstructed images and the developed algorithm is qualitatively verified using real images from rubber clay experiments and quantitatively verified by simulation using imaginary images. Finally, the developed algorithm is applied to measure the size and volume of vapor bubbles condensing in a subcooled boiling flow.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.5 no.5
• /
• pp.524-531
• /
• 2021

In an integral-imaging microscopy (IIM) system, a microlens array (MLA) is the primary optical element; however, surface errors impede the resolution of a raw image's details. Calibration is a major concern with regard to incorrect projection of the light rays. A ray-tracing-based calibration method for an IIM camera is proposed, to address four errors: MLA decentering, rotational, translational, and subimage-scaling errors. All of these parameters are evaluated using the reference image obtained from the ray-traced white image. The areas and center points of the microlens are estimated using an "8-connected" and a "center-of-gravity" method respectively. The proposed approach significantly improves the rectified-image quality and nonlinear image brightness for an IIM system. Numerical and optical experiments on multiple real objects demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of our proposed method, which achieves on average a 35% improvement in brightness for an IIM raw image.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2021

Background: Lunge exercises are lower extremity rehabilitation and strengthening exercises for patients and athletes. Most studies have shown the effectiveness of the forward and backward lunge exercises for treating patellofemoral pain and anterior cruciate ligament injuries (by increasing lower extremity muscle activity) and improving kinematics. Objects: However, it is not known how the two different lunge movements affect trunk muscle activities in healthy individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the electromyographic activity of the rectus abdominis and erector spinae muscles during forward and backward lunge exercises in healthy participants. Methods: Twelve healthy participants were recruited. Electromyographic activity of the rectus abdominis and erector spinae was recorded using surface electrodes during forward and backward lunges, and subsequently normalized to the respective reference voluntary isometric contractions of each muscle. Results: Activity of the erector spinae was significantly higher than that of the rectus abdominis during all stages of the backward lunge (p < 0.05). The activity of the erector spinae was significantly greater during the backward than forward lunge at all stages (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Backward lunging is better able to enhance trunk motor control and activate the erector spinae muscles.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2023

Purpose: With the rapid development of e-commerce, logistics services, as an important part of e-commerce shopping, have gradually attracted people's attention. Customer engagement behavior is a new topic in marketing, and its connotation is still being explored. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between logistics service quality and customer engagement behavior. Research design, data and methodology: This study employed the method of online questionnaire survey, with Chinese e-commerce platform users as the survey objects, 248 valid survey sample data were collected, and the method of factor analysis and structural equation model analysis was used to verify the research hypothesis model constructed in this paper. Results: The four dimensions of e-commerce logistics service quality have different influences on customer satisfaction, and the influence of availability on customer satisfaction is not significant. Convenience, assurance, and security have a significant positive impact on customer satisfaction; Customer satisfaction has a significant positive impact on the three dimensions of customer engagement behavior: customer repeat purchase behavior, online word-of-mouth, and customer referrals. Conclusion: The results of this study will provide useful reference for the managers of e-commerce companies to improve customer engagement behavior by improving the logistics service quality.

• Journal of Koreanology Reviews
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.27-31
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between Art management and Cultural activities in China from the K-wave case. Research design, data, and methodology: This study used the method of the cases study survey, with the K-wave case in as the survey objects, 3 valid survey sample case were collected in this paper. Results: The two dimensions of art management and cultural activities differently influences from the K-wave, and the influence of availability on customer satisfaction is not significant. Conclusion: The results of this study will provide useful reference for the Art management and Cultural activities in China from the K-wave case. And improve the development of art management and cultural activities in China by improving the K-wave of service quality. Art management can shape urban commercial space in a beneficial way, create a good consumption atmosphere, and enhance the attractiveness and competitiveness of the city. The introduction of art elements into urban commercial space can create a strong cultural atmosphere, so that the city presents a smart look. Art management has a positive impact on K-Wave production and operation activities, which can promote the shaping of art commercial space, the promotion of urban cultural atmosphere.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2022.06a
• /
• pp.551-562
• /
• 2022

The building production system has been analysed by the dichotomy "employer-contractor" relationship, which failed to take into account of the role and function of multiple stakeholders within the life-cycle supply chain. This is further observed in the current conflict resolution model, which, in my argument, struggles to contribute to industrialize the building production and achieve better efficiency and effectiveness as expected. The purpose of this paper is to critically assess the issues of current programme-based conflict resolution model, and discuss alternative models how they can be modelled and applied to the construction projects. The conclusions of findings are; First, the current model is framed around the contracts and dispute resolutions based on the legal concept of "claimant and respondent" where one party(s) advances a claim once and the other(s) objects, as such it fails to reflect the nature of construction projects where multiple stakeholders are involved concurrently and for a long period of life-cycle of buildings. Second, an alternative is "Six-stakeholders model" which represents the multiple stakeholders and clarifies the flow of obligation-liability-monetary relationships among participants for a long period of life-cycle of buildings. Further, with reference to both historical and recent cases, a reflection and insight into pros and cons of programming method is added, especially as to why this method is considered to have become a mandate of the modern construction management, and how academics and practitioners should deal with it more cautiously and prudently.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.340-345
• /
• 2023

In recent years, the rapid development of VR technology has secured its significant position in the gaming industry. This paper selects the PC and VR versions of Resident Evil 4 as the research objects, aiming to compare the similarities and differences between these two platforms. Through this comparative study, it is evident that the PC version of the game offers most players an excellent gaming control experience through precise and flexible operations. On the other hand, the VR version not only achieves immersive gameplay through virtual reality technology but also delivers more impressive visual effects to players. However, in comparison to the traditional PC version, the VR version incurs higher development costs, necessitating the production team to invest more resources to optimize the gaming experience and strike a better balance between immersion and playability. In conclusion, this study provides a valuable reference for game developers, assisting them in meeting the diverse needs of player groups and enhancing game playability and user satisfaction.