• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05c
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• pp.441-446
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• 1996

A preliminary conceptual design of the DUPIC fuel fabrication plant with production capacity of 400 MTHE/yr is presented. Capital and operating costs are also included. The levelized unit fabrication cost (LUC) for a reference mode was estimated at $509/kgHE, and sensitivity of some variable parameters to this reference was analysed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.559-573
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• 2020

The purpose of this study analyzed the overview of corrugated cardboasrd manufacturing industry and then provide direction for improvement. The BREF (BAT reference document) is an important reference for licensees and officer, including the best available techniques for the industry and achievable environmental performance, technical characteristics, and economic information. In the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process, wastewater pollutants are generated throughout the production process, and water is used in the dissociation and aging process. Atmospheric emissions are mostly generated by steam production from boilers and incinerators for the dry process. SO₂, NOx, CO₂, CO, HCl, dust, VOC, and odor were common. In the EU-BREF (European union BAT reference documents) BAT for wastewater have taken up a relatively large proportion. Items of water pollutants in wastewater were common in COD, BOD, N, P, SS, and however EU-BREF had different pollutants such as AOX and salt compared to K-BREF. In order to improve the quality of the K-BREF, it is necessary to devise basic data research method and data acqusitiom method. Consideration should be given to additional environmental management techniques that reflect the emissions characteristics of the corrugated cardboard manufacturing process. In addition, further research is needed to develop methodologies for selecting BATs considering environmental and economic feasibility.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.49-64
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• 2014

Natural vibration period is an important parameter for high-rise building, Based on 414 high-rise buildings completed or passed over-limit approval in China, the distribution law of natural vibration periods is analyzied. In order to satisfy the design requirements, such as global stability, story drift limit and minimum shear-gravity ratio, the reference ranges of fundamental periods $T_1$ are $0.3{\sqrt{H}}{\sim}0.4{\sqrt{H}}$ when the structural heights $H{\geq}250m$, when 150 m ${\leq}$ H < 250m, $T_1=0.25{\sqrt{H}}{\sim}0.4{\sqrt{H}}$, when 100 m ${\leq}$ H < 150 m, $T_1=0.2{\sqrt{H}}{\sim}0.35{\sqrt{H}}$, when 50 m $ {\leq}$ H < 100m, $T_1=0.15{\sqrt{H}}{\sim}0.3{\sqrt{H}}$. These can provide reference data for controlling mass and rigidity of high-rise buildings.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

This paper describes the methodology of calculating the internal dose conversion coefficient in order to assess the radiological impact on non-human species. This paper also presents the internal dose conversion coefficients of 25 radionuclides ($^3H,\;^7Be,\;^{14}C,\;^{40}K,\;^{51}Cr,\;^{54}Mn,\;^{59}Fe,\;^{58}Co,\;^{60}Co,\;^{65}Zn,\;^{90}Sr,\;^{95}Nb,\;^{99}Tc,\;^{106}Ru,\;^{129}I,\;^{131}I,\;^{136}Cs,\;^{137}Cs,\;^{140}Ba,\;^{140}La,\;^{144}Ce,\;^{238}U,\;^{239}Pu,\;^{240}Pu$) for domestic seven reference animals (roe deer, rat, frog, snake, Chinese minnow, bee, and earthworm) and one reference plant (pine tree). The uniform isotropic model was applied in order to calculate the internal dose conversion coefficients. The calculated internal dose conversion coefficient (${\mu}Gyd^{-1}$ per $Bqkg^{-1}$) ranged from $10^{-6}$ to $10^{-2}$ according to the type of radionuclides and organisms studied. It turns out that the internal does conversion coefficient was higher for alpha radionuclides, such as $^{238}U,\;^{239}Pu$, and $^{240}Pu$, and for large organisms, such as roe deer and pine tree. The internal dose conversion coefficients of $^{239}U,\;^{240}Pu,\;^{238}U,\;^{14}C,\;^3H$, and $^{99}Tc$ were independent of the organism.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.69-88
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• 2015

This study seeks to present an option for including a variety of information resources in a reference linking service system. Discussion on reference linking service in journals began in 1999 and applied to real systems, but linking to research papers and patent registers has more recently emerged. This study further suggests that system construction include various information resources such as books and dissertations. This paper also presents principles and prerequisites that should be considered essential when building such systems, including expansion of resources and media formats, development of identifiers on every sort of information resource, linking methods to existing DB, publication revolution and managing copyright-holders, use and improvement of OPACs, and building perfect authority DB.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.2249-2255
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• 2015

The use of voltage source converter multi-terminal direct current (VSC-MTDC) systems is anticipated to increase from the introduction of wind farms and super grids in the near future. Effective control of the DC voltage in VSC-MTDC systems is an important research topic. This paper proposes a new dynamic reference-based voltage droop control to control the DC voltage in VSC-MTDC systems more effectively. The main merit of the dynamic reference-based voltage droop control is that it can reduce the steady-state error in conventional voltage droop control by changing references according to the system operating conditions. The performance of the proposed control was tested in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) system based on the OPAL-RT real-time digital simulator and four digital signal processing boards.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.79-98
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• 1999

There have been a number of empirical studios on the effectiveness of Judgmental adjustment to statistical forecasts Generally the results have been mixed. This study examined the impact of the reliability and the source of the additionally presented reference forecast upon the revision process in a longitudinal time series forecasting task with forecast support systems. A 2-between(reliability ＆ source). 2-within(seasonality ＆ block) factorial experiment was conducted with post-graduate students using real time series. Judgmental adjustment was found to improve the accuracy of initial eyeballing irrespective of the reliability of an additionally presented forecast. But it did not outperform the dampened reference forecast. No effect was found of the way the source of the reference forecast was framed. Overall the subjects anchored heavily on their Initial forecast and relied too little on the reference forecast irrespective of its reliability. Moreover they did not improve at the task over time, despite immediate outcome feedback.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.91-98
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• 2012

The purpose of the present study is to suggest the extern BIM reference model for interoperability between BIM and GIS. After we surveyed the research progress and usecases related to the interoperability to do this, we analyzed the architecture of the neutral model such as IFC, CityGML to identify the differences between these and expand CityGML model. By using this result, we proposed the external BIM reference model including the metadata which defines mapping rules from IFC to CityGML.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.57-59
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• 2006

In order to apply the network adjustment, the correct ambiguities between each of reference stations must be calculated. This paper focused on the comparison of ambiguity resolution between the reference stations. Three hours test data with different baseline length from 20 km to 60 km have been analyzed. The results show that the time-to-fix between 20 km and 40 km is typically under 1 minute. However, over 60km baseline, the time-to-fix performance degrades.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.138-139
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• 2007

The use of conventional Twyman and Fizeau interferometers inevitably fails in testing high precision optics because of errors always existing in reference elements producing the reference wavefront. Therefore it is necessary to apply to this task the interferometers of a radically new type, which are able to produce perfect reference wavefront with the help of light diffraction by a small obstacle or pinhole. In this paper new theoretical approaches and schematics of point diffraction interferometers are considered in detail with paying attention to constructive reliability. Such interferometers do not use reference optical surfaces and readily provide adequate estimation of errors and aberrations value of 0.01 wavelengths.