• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제67권2호
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• pp.202-208
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• 2024

Objective : Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a common long-term complication following spine surgeries characterized by chronic persistent pain; different strategies of management were employed to deal with it. This clinical trial aims to compare the efficacy of Pregabalin and Gabapentin in the management of this condition. Methods : A double-blind, randomized, comparative study (clinical trial registry NCT05324761 on 11th April 2022) with two parallel arms with Pregabalin and Gabapentin were used in arms one and two, respectively. Visual analog scale was used for basal and endpoint assessment of pain. T-test and analysis of covariance were used to deal with different variables. A pairwise test was used to compare pairs of means. Results : Of 66 patients referred to the trial, 64 were eligible, with 60 patients completing the 30 days trial. Both pregabalin and gabapentin effectively reduce pain, with significant p-values of 0.001 for each group. However, the pregabalin group was superior to gabapentin in pain reduction (p=0.001). Gender was an insignificant factor (p=0.574 and p=0.445 for the pregabalin and gabapentin groups, respectively, with a non-significant reduction (p=0.393) for both groups in total. Location of stenosis before surgery and type of surgery performed show non-significant effect on pain reduction for both groups. Conclusion : Both pregabalin and gabapentin effectively and safely relieve neuropathic pain associated with FBSS; pregabalin was significantly more effective irrespective of the patients' gender.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.523-532
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• 2013

This study investigates risk reduction behavior with risk perception in outdoor wear purchase situations. Data were collected via a questionnaire from 400 consumers between the ages of 20 to 50 residing in Seoul and Kyonggi-do. Data analysis were conducted with SPSS 20 program on the reliability test, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test. Factor analyses were employed for the participation motivation of mountain climbing activities, risk reduction behavior and risk perception. Five factors were for the participation motivation of mountain climbing activities (health and fitness, external ostentation, achievement and excitement, improvement of climbing skills, and society). Five factors were for risk perception (fashionability loss and social risk, time and convenience loss, economic risk, performance risk, and psychological risk). Five factors were for the risk reduction behavior (interpersonal information sources use, marketer-dominated information sources use, professional information sources use, pre-purchase deliberation/observation/experience, and brand dependence). Three clusters were identified based on the motivation of outdoor activities (the affiliation/display, the health/internal informativeness and low motivation). The participation motivation for mountain climbing activities were varied. Manufacturers should increase efforts to develop products with good qualities at a reasonable cost as well as establish new marketing strategies since the risk of product performance and economic efficiency in the purchase of outdoor wear was a significant consumer perception.

• 에너지공학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.130-139
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• 2015

국가는 기후변화에 따라 국가차원에서 온실가스감축목표를 BAU대비 30%를 설정하였고, 이를 달성하기위하여 국가온실가스감축로드맵 등에서 여러 기술과 정책을 계획 및 추진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 감축률이 높고 공공성이 강한 발전부문에 대하여 추진하고 있는 정책과 기술을 도출하고, 해당분야별 전문가들의 판단을 근거로 공통평가지표 및 각각의 정책 기술간 평가요인별 우선순위를 분석적계층과정(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)을 이용하여 체계적이고 객관적인 방법으로 도출하였다. 아울러 공통 평가지표의 가중치를 적용하여 종합적인 우선순위를 제시함으로 이와 연계된 발전사에게 기술 및 정책에 따른 투자전략을 수립할 수 있는 인사이트를 제시하고 있다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.422-432
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• 2019

Objectives: The purposes of the study were to assess wastes generated in school foodservice and to identify factors influencing the generation of plate waste. Methods: A survey was administered from November 18-30 in 2015 to dietitians and nutrition teachers that were employed in schools located in Gyeonggi province. A questionnaire file and on-line survey site link were sent to the dietitians and nutrition teachers by e-mail. A total of 622 dietitians and nutrition teachers responded and 594 responses were used for data analysis after excluding 28 responses with significant missing data. Results: Plate waste was the major part of food waste generated in school foodservice. Vegetable menus and soup/stews were discarded the most as plate waste. The dietitians and nutrition teachers perceived students' unbalanced diet and lack of appreciation of food as causes of the plate waste. Regarding waste management, they were concerned about environmental contamination by food waste and felt uncomfortable about discarding food. No plate waste day was the most frequently used plate waste reduction activity, followed by newsletters on plate waste reduction. Difficulty in getting teachers' support for dietary education during meal time was rated the greatest barrier to implementing the activities. To reduce plate waste, they perceived that students should understand the importance of environment conservation, teachers should supervise students' eating during meal time, students should be educated about proper portion, and foodservice staff should improve food quality. Conclusions: To improve students' intake and reduce plate waste in school foodservice, foodservice staff need to involve students in school foodservice and improve the palatability of meals, especially vegetable dishes. School nutrition teachers and dietitians should educate students about healthy eating and environment conservation and the school community needs to understand and support plate waste reduction and healthy eating in schools.

• 청정기술
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.141-153
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• 2016

화력발전소, 소결공정, 소각장 등과 같은 수많은 배출원들은 배연탈질시스템을 적용하는데 V₂O₅/TiO₂계 모노리스 촉매상에서 NH₃를 환원제로 사용하는 선택적촉매환원 기술이 대표적이다. 현장에서 설치·운영되는 모든 탈질시스템은 예외없이 운전시간에 따른 촉매비활성화를 수반하므로 이에 효과적이고 경제적으로 대처할 수 있는 탈질성능 유지와 촉매관리를 위한 체제와 전략이 요구된다. 본 논고에서는 이들에 관한 구체적인 전략수립과 이에 기반한 탈질시스템 운영방법을 살펴보고, 신촉매 또는 재생촉매의 추가나 대체를 통한 탈질성능 관리와 경제성을 고려한 탈질촉매 재생기술을 다루고자 한다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.699-713
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• 2020

The aerodynamic performance of long-span cable-stayed bridges is much dependent on its geometrical configuration and countermeasure strategies. In present study, the aerodynamic performance of three composite cable-stayed bridges with different tower configurations and passive aerodynamic countermeasure strategies is systematically investigated by conducting a series of wind tunnel tests in conjunction with theoretical analysis. The structural characteristics of three composite bridges were firstly introduced, and then their stationary aerodynamic performance and wind-vibration performance (i.e., flutter performance, VIV performance and buffeting responses) were analyzed, respectively. The results show that the bridge with three symmetric towers (i.e., Bridge I) has the lowest natural frequencies among the three bridges, while the bridge with two symmetric towers (i.e., Bridge II) has the highest natural frequencies. Furthermore, the Bridge II has better stationary aerodynamic performance compared to two other bridges due to its relatively large drag force and lift moment coefficients, and the improvement in stationary aerodynamic performance resulting from the application of different countermeasures is limited. In contrast, it demonstrates that the application of both downward vertical central stabilizers (UDVCS) and horizontal guide plates (HGP) could potentially significantly improve the flutter and vortex-induced vibration (VIV) performance of the bridge with two asymmetric towers (i.e., Bridge III), while the combination of vertical interquartile stabilizers (VIS) and airflow-depressing boards (ADB) has the capacity of improving the VIV performance of Bridge II.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2006

건설산업의 경쟁은 신규 건설시장 축소, 최저가 입찰제도, 주 5일근무제도, 후분양제도의 도입 등에 따라 더욱 심화되고 있다. 이러한 건설환경의 급격한 변화는 산업의 주축을 이루고 있는 건설사들로 하여금 변화에 적응하고 더 나아가 새로운 환경을 선도하기 위한 다각적인 노력을 요구하고 있다. 그러나 건설공사는 공기지연을 유발하는 수많은 불확실성이 존재하고 있으며 이러한 불확실성에 대한 인식과 그에 따른 체계적인 전략수립과 관리가 부진한 경우 건설공사의 공기경쟁력을 확보하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 이에 본 연구는 적정 공사기간의 확보, 공기단축의 필요성, 기존의 공정전략 수립에 대한 연구가 부족함을 인식하고 건설사의 전반적인 전략 수립이 아닌 공기경쟁력 확보 측면에서 연구의 범위를 한정하였다. 본 연구는 건설산업의 대내외적 환경 분석과 SWOT 분석을 통하여 공기경쟁력 확보를 위한 전략을 수립하고 이를 이행하기 위한 선결과제를 도출하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2022

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a causative agent for a subset of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). The current standard of care (SOC) for locally advanced OPC is 70 Gy definitive radiotherapy (RT) concurrent with cisplatin, which entails significant proportions of acute and late grade 3 or higher toxicities. Accordingly, discovery of favorable prognosis of HPV-related OPC has led to enthusiasm to attenuate subspecialties therapy in multidisciplinary treatment. Diverse deintensification strategies were investigated in multiple phase 2 trials with an assumption that attenuated treatments result in comparable oncologic outcome and less toxicities compared with SOC. Several trials on chemotherapy deintensification revealed that concomitant administration of cisplatin is not to be omitted or substituted for cetuximab without compromising progression-free survival or local control. A transoral robotic surgery (TORS) is investigated as alternative local treatment, but TORS plus SOC or mild deintensified adjuvant RT showed similar toxicities and inferior oncologic outcomes compared with SOC definitive RT or moderately deintensified RT. However, it has been reported that TORS plus deintensified 30-36 Gy adjuvant RT results in excellent outcome and less late toxicity compared with SOC adjuvant RT. Several phase 2 trials reported apparently equivalent progression-free survival and local control and similar adverse effects with moderately deintensified 60 Gy RT compared with SOC 70 Gy RT. Further dose reduction below 60 Gy has been investigated using biology-directed approaches, which use response to induction chemotherapy or metabolic images to triage HPV-positive OPC for deintensified RT. In summary, these trials provide valuable insights for future directions. Available evidence consistently showed that moderately deintensified RT is effective and safe for HPV-positive OPC in both definitive and adjuvant settings. Concurrent cisplatin remains an essential component without which progression-free survival is significantly compromised for advanced HPV-positive OPC. A simple incorporation of TORS to SOC may be detrimental for oncologic outcome without anticipated toxicity reduction. Given the lack of level 1 evidence, it is prudent to curb an unjustified deviation from the current SOC and limit any deintensified strategies to clinical trials and adhere to the current SOC.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2021

전세계적으로 2015년 파리기후협약에서 정한 목표에 따라 2050년까지 탄소중립을 위하여 각 국가는 감축목표를 수립 및 선언하고, "장기 저탄소 발전전략" (Long-term low greenhouse gas Emission Development Strategies, LEDS)을 수립, 감축 목표 설정을 위한 로드맵 등을 발표하고 있다. 국제사회의 탄소중립사회 전환 가속화에 따라 2020년말까지 128개국이 탄소중립을 선언하였으며, G20 회원국을 중심으로 지속적으로 탄소중립선언이 확대되고 있다. 우리나라도 2020년 12월 탄소중립의 능동적 대응을 통해 탄소중립과 경제성장, 국민 삶의 질 향상을 동시 달성하는 기반 마련을 위한 "2050 탄소중립 추진전략"을 발표하였고, 이를 위한 정책과제를 단계적으로 추진하고 있다. 우리나라에서 온실가스 감축을 위하여 시행되고 있는 온실가스에너지 목표관리제 및 온실가스 배출권거래제 상쇄제도 등 의무감축제도의 영역에서 벗어나 있어 종합적인 탄소관리는 미흡하며, 현재 광해방지사업으로 인한 이산화탄소배출량을 정량화한 사례는 없다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 전세계적인 탄소중립의 관심과 정부 정책 기조에 따라 탄소 중립 실현을 위해서 한국광해광업공단의 주 업무인 광해방지사업에 대하여 국내외 탄소배출량 산정 방법으로 제시된 표준방법을 검토하고, 광해방지사업에 적합한 탄소배출량 산정 방법을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2023

Objectives: Coal-fired power plants feature diverse working conditions, including multi-layered employment structures and irregular work cycles due to outsourcing and non-standardized tasks. The current uniform occupational environment measurement systems have limitations in accurately assessing and evaluating these varied conditions. This study aims to propose alternative measurement and assessment strategies to supplement existing methods. Methods: Major domestic coal-fired power plants were selected as the study targets. To prepare for the study and establish strategies, work processes were identified and existing occupational environment measurement results were compared and analyzed. The study proceeded by employing three strategies: specific exposure groups (SEGs) measurement, continuous monitoring, and supplementary measurements, which were then compared and discussed. Results: Previous exposure index evaluations (5,268 cases) indicated that crystalline silica, a type of respirable particulate matter, had detection limits below the threshold (non-detectable) in 82.6% (4,349 cases) of instances. Exposures below 10% of the exposure limit were observed at a very low concentration of 96.1%. Similar exposure group measurements yielded results where detection limits were below the threshold in 38.2% of cases, and exposures below 10% of the limit were observed in 70.6%. Continuous monitoring indicated detection limits below the threshold in 12.6% of cases, and exposures below 10% of the limit were observed in 75.6%. Instances requiring active workplace management accounted for more than 30% of cases, with SEGs at 11.8% (four cases), showing a higher proportion compared to 3.0% (four cases) in continuous monitoring. For coal dust, exposures below 10% of the limit were highest in legal measurements at 90.2% (113 cases), followed by 74.0% (91 cases) in continuous monitoring, and 47.0% (16 cases) in SEGs. Instances exceeding 30% were most prevalent in SEGs at 14.7% (five cases), followed by legal measurements at 5.0% (eight cases), and continuous monitoring at 2.4% (three cases). When examining exposure levels through arithmetic means, crystalline silica was found to be 104.7% higher in SEGs at 0.0088 mg/m³ compared to 0.0043 mg/m³ in continuous monitoring. Coal dust measurements were highest in SEGs at 0.1247 mg/m³, followed by 0.1224 mg/m³ in legal measurements, and 0.0935 mg/m³ in continuous monitoring. Conclusions: Strategies involving SEGs measurement and continuous monitoring can enhance measurement reliability in environments with irregular work processes and frequent fluctuations in working conditions, as observed in coal-fired power plants. These strategies reduce the likelihood of omitting or underestimating processes and enhance measurement accuracy. In particular, a significant reduction in detection limits below the threshold for crystalline silica was observed. Supplementary measurements can identify worker exposure characteristics, uncover potential risks in blind spots of management, and provide a complementary method for legal measurements.